2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析
2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题 · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2015 年
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 题量
- 29 题
- 满分
- 100 分
- 限时
- 180 分钟
- 题型结构
- 完形填空 20 题 10 分 · 阅读 Part A 20 题 40 分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型 1 题 10 分 · 英译汉 5 题 10 分 · 写作 Part A 1 题 10 分 · 写作 Part B 1 题 20 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 完形填空1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-D 2-B 3-C 1-A 4-C 5-A 6-D 7-A 8-B 9-D 10-B 11-A 12-B 13-D 14-C 15-C 16-B 17-D 18-C 19-A
解析：1 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格引导的从句类型 → 根据从句语义（研究揭示的内容）选择连接词
2 空 定位主语（研究） → 分析谓语动词与宾语（研究得出的结论） → 根据语境选择最贴切的动词
3 空 定位动词conducted → 识别固定搭配conducted on → 根据介词搭配选择答案
4 空 定位从句主语（研究） → 分析从句宾语（朋友和陌生人对） → 根据研究目的（比较基因）选择动词
5 空 定位前文（研究使用了同一批人） → 分析空格指代对象（朋友组和陌生人组） → 根据研究设计选择名词
6 空 定位空格后文‘it is not so to a geneticist’ → 推断‘1%’在普通人与遗传学家眼中的对比 → 得出‘微不足道’的结论
7 空 定位引语‘Most people do not even... their fourth cousins’ → 结合常识与‘but somehow manage to select’的转折 → 推断‘不认识’与‘选择’的对比
8 空 定位空格前‘select as friends the people who...’ → 结合前文‘friends are as related as fourth cousins’ → 推断‘朋友’与‘亲属’的相似性
9 空 定位空格所在句‘The study ___ found that...’ → 分析该句与前文‘James Fowler says...’的逻辑关系 → 推断为‘补充说明’或‘进一步发现’
10 空 定位空格所在句‘___ , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments...’ → 分析该句与前文‘Why this similarity exists... is difficult to explain’的逻辑关系 → 推断为‘提出一种可能性解释’
11 空 分析空格前后逻辑 → 识别固定搭配 'conducted on' → 选择介词 'to' 构成 'conducted to' 表示研究对象
12 空 分析句子逻辑 → 识别 'drive us in choosing' 表示驱动我们选择 → 选择 'drive' 符合语境
13 空 分析句子逻辑 → 识别 'rather than' 表示对比 → 选择 'rather than' 符合语境
14 空 分析句子逻辑 → 识别 'benefits' 表示好处 → 选择 'benefits' 符合语境
15 空 分析句子逻辑 → 识别 'faster' 表示更快 → 选择 'faster' 符合语境
16 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语‘a study’与谓语‘has’的搭配 → 结合后文研究结论 → 选择表示‘证实、表明’的动词
17 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析‘social environment’与‘factor’的搭配 → 结合前文‘human evolution picked pace’的因果关系 → 选择表示‘贡献的、起作用的’形容词
18 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析‘people’s’与‘to befriend’的搭配 → 结合前文研究发现的普遍性 → 选择表示‘倾向、趋势’的名词
19 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析‘backgrounds’的修饰语 → 结合前文‘European extraction’及研究主题（基因） → 选择与‘基因、血统’相关的形容词
20 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析‘care was taken to’与‘that’从句的搭配 → 结合研究设计的严谨性要求 → 选择表示‘确保、弄清楚’的动词
考点：名词性从句引导词语境选词近义词辨析固定搭配（通用）动词搭配状语从句逻辑衔接词固定搭配 conducted to动词辨析形容词辨析名词辨析
译文：题干：那就是一项研究已经______的。正确项：what（什么）
第 2 部分 · 阅读 Part A20 题 · 40 分
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted "kings don't abdicate, they die in their sleep." But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles? The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above "mere" politics and "embody" a spirit of national unity. It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs' continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican city and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history – and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states. The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image. While Europe's monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example. It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy's reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service–as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy's worst enemies.
- A.eased his relationship with his rivals.
- B.used to enjoy high public support.
- C.was unpopular among European royals.
- D.ended his reign in embarrassment.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位首段关键句 → 提取‘embarrassing scandals’与‘forced him to eat his words and stand down’的因果关系 → 推断其退位方式与公众形象
考点：细节定位因果推理
译文：题干：根据前两段，西班牙国王胡安·卡洛斯____。正确项：在尴尬中结束了他的统治。
- A.to give voters more public figures to look up to.
- B.to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.
- C.owing to their undoubted and respectable status.
- D.due to their everlasting political embodiment.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第三段核心句 → 提取‘allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure’ → 同义替换为‘owing to their undoubted and respectable status’
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：欧洲保留君主作为国家元首主要是____。正确项：由于他们无可置疑且受人尊敬的地位。
- A.Aristocrats' excessive reliance on inherited wealth.
- B.The role of the nobility in modern democracies.
- C.The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.
- D.The nobility's adherence to their privileges.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第四段关键词‘bizarre’ → 提取其修饰的完整事件‘wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states’ → 匹配选项B
考点：细节定位语义匹配
译文：题干：根据第四段，以下哪项被证明是奇怪的？正确项：贵族在现代民主国家中的角色。
- A.fails to adapt himself to his future role.
- B.fails to change his lifestyle as advised.
- C.takes republicans as his potential allies.
- D.takes a tough line on political issues.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位末段‘have most to fear’ → 结合前文‘successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways’及‘maintain the right image’ → 推断查尔斯王子未能适应未来角色
考点：推理判断上下文关联
译文：题干：英国王室‘最应感到恐惧’是因为查尔斯____。正确项：未能使自己适应未来的角色。
- A.Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined
- B.Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne
- C.Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs
- D.Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：通览全文结构 → 提取首段西班牙案例、中间段欧洲君主制利弊分析、末段对英国王室的警示 → 概括为‘西班牙案例对所有欧洲君主的警示’
考点：主旨概括篇章结构
译文：题干：以下哪项是本文的最佳标题？正确项：卡洛斯，对所有欧洲君主的警示。
Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest. California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies. The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California's advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants. They should start by discarding California's lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone – a vast storehouse of digital information – is similar to, say, going through a suspect's purse. The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one's smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee's reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of "cloud computing", meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier. Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution's prohibition on unreasonable searches. As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn't ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly burdensome for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while waiting for a warrant. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom. But the justices should not swallow California's argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution's protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.
- A.prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.
- B.search for suspects' mobile phones without a warrant.
- C.check suspects' phone contents without being authorized.
- D.prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 → 在语篇中定位到最高法院考虑的核心问题 → 同义替换 without a warrant 为 without being authorized → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：最高法院将要确定，在逮捕过程中，______是否合法。正确项：在未获授权的情况下检查嫌疑人的手机内容。
- A.disapproval.
- B.indifference.
- C.tolerance.
- D.cautiousness.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位作者对加州论点的评价性表述 → 识别 lame argument 等贬义词 → 推断作者态度为不赞同 → 得出答案
考点：观点态度语境推断
译文：题干：作者对加州论点的态度是______。正确项：不赞同。
- A.going through one's wallet.
- B.handling one's historical records.
- C.scanning one's correspondences.
- D.getting into one's residence.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 exploring one's phone contents → 在语篇中找到作者的直接类比 → 识别 more like entering his or her home → 同义替换为 getting into one's residence → 得出答案
考点：细节定位近义词辨析
译文：题干：作者认为，查看一个人的手机内容类似于______。正确项：进入一个人的住所。
- A.principles are hard to be clearly expressed.
- B.the court is giving police less room for action.
- C.phones are used to store sensitive information.
- D.citizens' privacy is not effectively protected.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位第5、6段的核心论述 → 识别作者对隐私保护现状的担忧 → 综合 citizens still have a right... 和 stating that principle doesn't ease the challenge → 推断作者担忧隐私未得到有效保护 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断主旨大意
译文：题干：在第5和第6段，作者表达了他对______的担忧。正确项：公民的隐私未得到有效的保护。
- A.the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.
- B.principles of the Constitution should never be altered.
- C.California's argument violates principles of the Constitution.
- D.new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位 Orin Kerr 的引用 → 识别其类比（手机如家） → 结合上下文推断引用目的 → 说明新技术需要对宪法进行重新解释 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断指代与衔接
译文：题干：引用 Orin Kerr 的类比是为了表明______。正确项：新技术需要对宪法进行重新解释。
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings. "Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal," writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscripts will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal's internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts. Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: "The creation of the 'statistics board' was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish." Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to "play primarily an advisory role." He agreed to join because he "found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science." John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is "a most welcome step forward" and "long overdue". "Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review," he says, but he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review. Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyse data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, "engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process". Vaux says that Science's idea to pass some papers to statisticians "has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify 'the papers that need scrutiny' in the first place".
- A.Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.
- B.journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
- C.few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
- D.lack of data analysis is common in research projects.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位首段关键句 → 提取‘similar efforts from other journals’与‘widespread concern’ → 同义替换为‘strengthening’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写
译文：题干：从第一段可以得知______。正确项：期刊正在加强其统计审查。
- A.found.
- B.revised.
- C.marked.
- D.stored.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位短语所在句 → 分析‘flagged up for additional scrutiny’的语境 → 推断其意为‘标记出来以供审查’
考点：语境选词词义猜测
译文：题干：短语‘flagged up’（第二段）最接近的意思是______。正确项：标记。
- A.pose a threat to all its peers.
- B.meet with strong opposition.
- C.increase Science's circulation.
- D.set an example for other journals.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位Parmigiani的观点句 → 提取‘model their approach after Science’ → 推断其意为‘为其他期刊树立榜样’
考点：推理判断同义改写
译文：题干：Giovanni Parmigiani认为SBoRE的建立可能______。正确项：为其他期刊树立榜样。
- A.adds to researchers' workload.
- B.diminishes the role of reviewers.
- C.has room for further improvement.
- D.is to fail in the foreseeable future.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位David Vaux的观点句 → 提取‘has room for further improvement’的同义表达 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断同义改写
译文：题干：David Vaux认为Science现在所做的______。正确项：还有进一步改进的空间。
- A.Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers
- B.Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
- C.Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors' Desks
- D.Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：通读全文 → 概括核心事件（Science增加统计审查）与目的（提高可重复性） → 匹配最佳标题
考点：主旨大意概括归纳
译文：题干：以下哪项是本文的最佳标题？正确项：Science加入推动论文统计审查的行列。
Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch's daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the "unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions". Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only "sorting mechanism" in society should be profit and the market. But "it's us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit." Driving her point home, she continued: "It's increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom." This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking. As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge – the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds. In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing. In today's world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability. The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions – nor received traceable, recorded answers.
- A.the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.
- B.companies' financial loss due to immoral practices.
- C.governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.
- D.the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位首段Elisabeth的发言 → 提取其核心观点（profit and the market作为唯一sorting mechanism导致integrity崩溃） → 同义替换为‘current sorting mechanism’及其后果
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：根据前两段，Elisabeth因______而感到不安。正确项：当前排序机制的后果。
- A.Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.
- B.more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.
- C.Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.
- D.phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第三段关于审判的细节 → 提取‘Others await trial’及‘This long story still unfolds’ → 推断出更多记者可能被定罪
考点：细节推理语义延伸
译文：题干：从第三段可以推断出______。正确项：更多记者可能因电话窃听被定罪。
- A.was hardly convincing.
- B.centered on trivial issues.
- C.revealed a cunning personality.
- D.was part of a conspiracy.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位作者对Rebekah Brooks辩护的评价 → 提取‘astonishing revelations’、‘how little she knew’、‘Perhaps we should not be so surprised’等带有讽刺意味的表述 → 推断作者认为其辩护‘hardly convincing’
考点：观点态度推断语气识别
译文：题干：作者认为Rebekah Brooks的辩护______。正确项：几乎令人难以信服。
- A.a marginalized lifestyle.
- B.unfair wealth distribution.
- C.generally distorted values.
- D.a rigid moral code.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位末段关于‘collective doctrine’的论述 → 提取其核心是‘profit and the market’作为唯一排序机制，以及相关词汇（efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value...） → 推断作者认为这体现了‘generally distorted values’
考点：主旨概括观点推断
译文：题干：作者认为当前的集体信条显示了______。正确项：普遍扭曲的价值观。
- A.The quality of writings is of primary importance.
- B.Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.
- C.Common humanity is central to news reporting.
- D.Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位末段关于‘absence of moral purpose’及其后果的论述 → 提取其对‘capitalism and freedom’的危险性 → 推断作者认为‘Moral awareness matters’
考点：段落主旨推断作者意图把握
译文：题干：以下哪项在最后一段中有所暗示？正确项：道德意识在编辑报纸时很重要。
第 3 部分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考排列：
If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them. / You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity – inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible. / Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text's formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text. / Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others. / Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.
第 4 部分 · 英译汉5 题 · 10 分
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参考译文
这场移民浪潮,在各种强大而多样的动机的驱动下,在荒野上建立起一个国家,并就其本质而言,塑造了这片未知大陆的特征与命运。(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces – the immigration of Europeanpeoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a newcountry which modified these traits.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
美国是两种主要力量的产物:一是欧洲各民族带着各自不同的思想、习俗和民族特性的移民,二是一个新国家的影响,这个新国家改变了上述这些特征。(48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied nationalgroups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, newcontinent caused significant changes.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
但是,美国特有的地理条件所产生的作用、各民族群体之间的相互影响,以及在原始的新大陆上维持旧世界生活方式所面临的极大困难,共同造成了重大的变化。(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United Statescrossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorations ofNorth America.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
最早的几批移民乘船驶往如今已是美国的那片领土,他们横渡大西洋的时间,比十五、十六世纪对北美的勘探晚了一百多年。(50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house whichextended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
这片树木繁茂、种类繁多的原始森林是一座名副其实的宝库,它从缅因州一直绵延到南边的佐治亚州。SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲3 句真题句逐层精讲下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled Europeansociety in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.第2段,第6句本句展现的 "主句 + 非限制性定语从句(内部嵌套状语从句与限制性定语从句)" 结构,在四六级与考研真题的长难句中高频出现;定语从句与状语从句的嵌套组合、非限制性定语从句的补充说明用法、让步状语从句的转折逻辑,都是阅读理解与翻译题的常考句式;掌握本句的分析方法可直接迁移到大量同类真题句,典型性很高。Said one recorder of events, "The air at twelve leagues' distance smelt as sweet as anew-blown garden."第4段,第2句外层句提供倒装结构的成分划分练习,谓语前置、主语后置、引语作宾语,涵盖主谓宾三大核心成分且位置非常规,是训练倒装识别的良好材料。内层句包含主系表结构、介词短语作后置定语、复合形容词作前置定语、比较结构作表语,成分种类丰富,且"The air at twelve leagues' distance"这种后置定语修饰主语的结构是易错点。整体成分覆盖面较广,训练价值较高。Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes andnaval stores.第4段,第6句本句涵盖倒装结构(地点副词引导的主系表倒装)、后置定语(介词短语 "of..." 修饰主语)、成分内部并列(三组名词短语并列),且主语识别存在易错点(倒装导致主语后置),作为成分划分练习句能同时训练多个考点,训练价值较高。HIGH-FREQUENCY · 真题高频词本篇出现的 37 个考研英语一真题高频词下列单词既在本篇英文短文中出现,又是 考研英语一 历年真题的高频词(在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8)。每个词标注本篇 出现次数与该考试真题句频,点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。united B1 character B1adj. 联合的 n. 性格本篇2 次 · 真题 52 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 24 句survive B1 continent A2v. 幸存 n. 大陆本篇2 次 · 真题 19 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 15 句traveler A2 product A2n. 旅行者 n. 产品本篇2 次 · 真题 9 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 77 句impact B2 pattern B1n. 影响 n. 模式本篇1 次 · 真题 53 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 47 句significant B2 states A1adj. 重要的 n. 国家本篇1 次 · 真题 47 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 42 句material B1 nation B1n. 材料 n. 国家本篇1 次 · 真题 41 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 39 句event A2 attempt B1n. 事件 v. 试图本篇1 次 · 真题 36 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 32 句maintain B1 establish B2v. 维持 v. 建立,创立(组织、机构、关系等)本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 27 句immigrant B2 immigration B2n. 移民(从外国移入的人) n. 移民入境本篇1 次 · 真题 27 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 22 句powerful B1 variety B1adj. 强大的 n. 多样化本篇1 次 · 真题 22 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 22 句extend B1 movement B1v. 延伸;延长 n. 移动本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句tradition B1 characteristic B2n. 传统 n. 特征本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 15 句fuel B1 necessity B2n. 燃料 n. 必需品本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句trait B2 infant B2n. 特征 n. 婴儿本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句thrive B2 delay B1v. 茁壮成长 n. 延迟本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句barely B1 anxious B1adv. 几乎不 adj. 焦虑的本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句folk B1 distance A2n. 人们 n. 距离本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句journey A2 peculiar B2n. 旅行,旅程 adj. 奇怪的本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句rarely B1adv. 很少,难得,不常本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句VOCABULARY · 词汇难度分布英文短文 179 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖英文短文去重后共 179 个单词,按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比(CDF),最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上(C1/C2)为高阶词,本篇共 6 个 ·约 3%。35% 54% 76% 97% 100% 100%A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下每柱为「按 CEFR 等级及以下」的累积覆盖率(CDF)· 数据为英文短文去重词 179 个 · 末柱为 100%去重总词数 B2 以上难词 B1 及以下覆盖179 3% 76 %考研英语一 2015年 · 全卷构成Section I 完形填空(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (1) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (2) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (3) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (4) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part B 选句填空(7选5) 题目解析 →Section II Part C 英译汉(划线句子翻译) 本题Section III Part A 写作 题目解析 →Section III Part B 写作 题目解析 →
第 5 部分 · 写作 Part A1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Dear club members, As the host of this reading session, I am delighted to recommend a wonderful book for us to read together: The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. I choose it for two reasons. First, the story is simple yet deeply moving, telling how an old fisherman fights a giant fish alone and never gives up. Second, its plain but powerful language shows us that a man can be destroyed but not defeated, which truly inspires our growth. I hope you will enjoy it and share your thoughts in our discussion. Yours, Li Ming
第 6 部分 · 写作 Part B1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
As is vividly depicted in the cartoon, four people are seated around a round table set with several dishes, chopsticks and cups. Yet instead of chatting, each of them lowers their head, staring at a mobile phone, and no one says a single word. The title, 'A Gathering in the Age of Mobile Phones,' makes the scene both familiar and thought-provoking. Simple as it is, the picture conveys a profound message about modern life. What the artist intends to criticize is the way smartphones have quietly invaded our face-to-face communication. People who sit together physically are actually worlds apart emotionally, as their attention is captured by the tiny screens rather than the friends beside them. The warmth that a gathering is supposed to bring is thus replaced by cold silence. As far as I am concerned, such a phenomenon deserves our alarm. Convenient though smartphones are, they should never become a barrier between us and those we love. Therefore, measures should be taken: we ought to put our phones aside during gatherings and cherish real conversation. Only in this way can technology serve us instead of enslaving us.
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