2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析
2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题 · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2026 年
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 题量
- 29 题
- 满分
- 100 分
- 限时
- 180 分钟
- 题型结构
- 完形填空 20 题 10 分 · 阅读 Part A 20 题 40 分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型 1 题 10 分 · 英译汉 5 题 10 分 · 写作 Part A 1 题 10 分 · 写作 Part B 1 题 20 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 完形填空1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-A 2-D 3-B 4-C 5-B 6-C 7-A 8-D 9-A 10-D 11-D 12-D 13-C 14-A 15-B 16-C 17-C 18-B 19-B 20-A
解析：1 空 定位空格前后句意 → 分析逻辑关系（前句肯定AI潜力，后句指出其潜在危害） → 选择表示转折的连接词
2 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析宾语（our experiences）与潜在危险（hazard）的语义搭配 → 选择能体现“控制”或“支配”含义的动词
3 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析前文（AI改变生活）与后文（如何理解和体验美）的指代关系 → 选择能概括后文具体例子的抽象名词
4 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（human creativity and AI algorithms）与谓语（can lead to）的语义关系 → 选择能体现“结合”或“融合”含义的动词
5 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析定语（unique artistic）与中心词的搭配 → 选择能被‘artistic’修饰且与‘beautiful’语义相关的名词
6 空 分析空格前后句的逻辑关系 → 前句讲AI的积极潜力，后句讲其潜在危险，构成转折 → 选择表示转折的连接词
7 空 分析空格所在句的语境 → 句子描述AI作为创意工具，人类创造力与AI算法结合能产生独特的艺术成果 → 选择与“创意”、“独特”语境匹配的动词
8 空 分析空格所在句的结构与语义 → 句子描述虚拟试穿体验，用户可以虚拟地试用化妆品、发型等，而无需进行任何身体上的改变 → 选择表示“无需”、“在没有”的介词
9 空 分析空格所在句的语境 → 句子描述个人现在可以尝试不同的造型并______他们的偏好 → 选择与“尝试”、“偏好”语境匹配的动词
10 空 分析空格所在句的语境 → 句子描述AI算法可以______面部特征和皮肤状况以提供个性化美容建议 → 选择与“算法”、“特征”、“建议”语境匹配的动词
11 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句内逻辑（AI算法提供个性化推荐） → 匹配选项词义与语境
12 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析前后句逻辑关系（前文描述AI虚拟试妆功能，后文总结其作用） → 选择表示方式或结果的衔接词
13 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句内逻辑（AI引发伦理方面的___） → 匹配选项词义与语境
14 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句内逻辑（加深社会美的___） → 匹配选项词义与语境
15 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析前后句逻辑关系（前文讲伦理担忧和风险，后文举例说明具体危害） → 选择表示补充说明的衔接词
16 空 定位空格前后的逻辑关系 → 分析选项动词与宾语 'our experiences' 的搭配 → 结合上下文 'in ways we might find difficult to control' 的负面语境 → 得出答案
17 空 定位空格后的介词 'on' → 分析选项动名词与 'on' 的固定搭配 → 结合上下文 'for social presentation' 和 'can cause harm' 的语境 → 得出答案
18 空 定位空格前后的列举结构 'makeup, hairstyles, clothing, and even cosmetic procedures' → 分析选项介词与列举功能的匹配 → 得出答案
19 空 定位空格前的动词 'enhance' 和后文 'of beauty' → 分析选项名词与 'enhance' 的搭配及与 'beauty' 的语义关联 → 结合全文讨论AI对美的理解与体验的语境 → 得出答案
20 空 定位空格前的主语 'AI-powered beauty filters and editing tools' 和后文 'distorted self-perception' → 分析选项动词与主语功能及宾语 'body dissatisfaction' 的逻辑关系 → 得出答案
考点：逻辑转折关系连接词辨析动词辨析语境选词指代衔接名词辨析固定搭配逻辑衔接词转折关系动词搭配介词用法近义词辨析衔接连贯动词搭配 take on固定搭配 rely on固定搭配 such as
译文：人工智能的进步正在迅速改变人类生活的方方面面。AI世界正因其改善和丰富我们生活的巨大潜力而充满活力。____，AI也有以我们可能难以控制的方式____我们体验的潜在危险。
第 2 部分 · 阅读 Part A20 题 · 40 分
For thousands of years, donkeys have been critical for propelling human civilizations forward. They've helped pull wheeled vehicles, carry travelers and move goods across the world. But where and when these animals first became intertwined with humans has been a mystery. Now, researchers have used genomes of over 200 donkeys to trace their domestication back to a single event around 7,000 years ago in East Africa — about 3,000 years before humans tamed horses. The team published their findings in the journal Science this month. "Through their DNA, the animals are telling their history themselves," co-author Samantha Brooks, an equine researcher at the University of Florida, says in a statement. "We usually only get the human's side of history through written accounts, but of course written history does not always record exactly how something happened. Looking at these DNA sequences, we get a biological testimony to the environment these animals lived in and the experiences they survived." The researchers examined 207 genomes from modern donkeys living in 31 countries across the globe. They also looked at genomes from 15 wild equids and 31 earlier donkeys that lived between about 4,000 and 100 years ago. The team reconstructed the animals' evolutionary tree and used computer models to pinpoint the domestication event when herders in Kenya and the Horn of Africa tamed wild asses. They then traced how the animals spread across the rest of the continent into Europe and Asia about 2,500 years later. Though it's still unclear why the original domestication happened, Science News' Freda Kreier reports that the event coincided with the Sahara growing larger and drier. "Donkeys are champions when it comes to carrying stuff and are good at crossing deserts," co-author Ludovic Orlando, an evolutionary biologist at Paul Sabatier University in France, tells the publication. Prehistoric humans may have tamed donkeys to help navigate the expanding Sahara. Researchers say these findings could help put donkeys in the spotlight. The animals could benefit from more research: Currently, there are no published genomes from donkeys located south of the Equator in Africa. But understanding where the animals were first domesticated could guide archaeologists to a narrow region to search for insights about the original tamed donkeys. Not only does understanding the equines' genetic makeup help reveal their contribution to human history, but it also might improve their management in the future, as climate change alters the planet's environment, write the authors.
- A.They seemed mysterious to human ancestors.
- B.They underwent multiple domestication events.
- C.They were tamed at an earlier time than horses.
- D.They were vividly portrayed by ancient travelers.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第一段关于驴与马驯化时间的比较 → 提取‘about 3,000 years before humans tamed horses’ → 同义替换为‘tamed at an earlier time than horses’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：从第一段可以了解到关于驴的什么信息？正确项C：它们被驯化的时间比马早。
- A.The earliest habitats of donkeys are hardly traceable.
- B.It is increasingly easy to read donkeys' DNA sequences.
- C.Written accounts contain vital clues for donkey research.
- D.Genetic analysis offers insight into the history of donkeys.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位Brooks的引述 → 分析其核心观点：DNA序列提供了关于驴生活环境和经历的‘生物证词’ → 推断其意在说明基因分析能揭示驴的历史
考点：推理判断观点态度
译文：题干：Brooks的陈述传达了什么信息？正确项D：基因分析为了解驴的历史提供了见解。
- A.dispersed widely in the world.
- B.survived with the help of herders.
- C.developed certain behavioral traits.
- D.adapted to the changing environment.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位研究过程描述 → 提取‘traced how the animals spread across the rest of the continent into Europe and Asia’ → 同义替换为‘dispersed widely in the world’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：在研究中，研究人员调查了驴如何____。正确项A：在世界范围内广泛传播。
- A.challenges conventional ideas.
- B.provides a possible explanation.
- C.calls for evidence from the Sahara.
- D.holds a different view from Kreier.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位Orlando的引述 → 分析其内容：他描述了驴的特性并推测驯化原因 → 推断其提供了可能的解释
考点：推理判断观点态度
译文：题干：关于驴最初被驯化的原因，Orlando____。正确项B：提供了一个可能的解释。
- A.greater protection of wildlife.
- B.better management of donkeys.
- C.recovering early types of donkeys.
- D.raising awareness of climate change.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位文章结尾关于研究意义的陈述 → 提取‘put donkeys in the spotlight’和‘benefit from more research’ → 推断其意在呼吁对驴进行更多研究以改善其处境
考点：推理判断主旨大意
译文：题干：作者认为他们的研究可能有助于____。正确项B：更好地管理驴。
There's no business like show business — but in Los Angeles, it feels like there's no business at all. If that sounds melodramatic, consider this: The Art Directors Guild, a labor union representing about 3,000 film workers, has suspended a training program and issued a statement explaining that "we cannot in good conscience encourage you to pursue our profession." This is a reaction to Hollywood's decline, which is reaching a critical point for the industry and Southern California. Production has been slipping away from Hollywood since the 1950s, but the effects have never been more apparent than at present. Other regions in the United States, Canada and Europe have steadily increased incentives to attract TV shows and movies, leaving California in the dust. Georgia offers up to 30% in transferable tax credits on film and TV production costs, plus an additional 10% increase on the base tax credit if the project includes a Georgia promotional logo. Even as California lost a huge volume of production to other locations, there was still plenty of film production taking place in Los Angeles before this year. We were kept afloat by "peak TV", the glut of content that was required by the explosion of streaming services. But 2022 was the peak of peak TV. Back then platforms such as Netflix, Amazon and Apple TV hemorrhaged billions of dollars to generate content to attract new subscribers, resulting in 633 scripted series being released that year. As the streamers' emphasis changed from subscriber growth to profitability, prices for the services went up and the number of new shows went down to 481 released in 2023, with the number expected to dip into the 300s within a few years. If productions in Southern California dip below a critical level for too long, the industry's essential talent will drift away along with enormous sums of revenue. Persuading studios to film here would become much more challenging if we couldn't offer a deep bench of local film workers, on-screen talent and local businesses that support the entertainment industry. That's why the California Film Commission and its Los Angeles counterpart, Film LA, now should act, before it's too late. These agencies and other government bodies should dramatically improve incentives to keep our current shows and attract new productions to Los Angeles. Let's go on with the show...and make sure the show doesn't go on without us.
- A.people's reduced interest in film.
- B.film workers' nostalgia for the past.
- C.the appeal of Southern California.
- D.the gloomy situation of Hollywood.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位首段Art Directors Guild声明 → 提取其声明背景（Hollywood's decline） → 同义替换为gloomy situation
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：美国艺术指导工会的声明揭示了____。正确项：好莱坞的黯淡前景。
- A.lure production with tax incentives.
- B.drive improvements in film facilities.
- C.stimulate competition among states.
- D.collect funds for film and TV making.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位Georgia例证 → 提取其具体措施（tax credits） → 归纳目的（attract production）
考点：例证功能细节归纳
译文：题干：佐治亚州的例子被用来说明____的努力。正确项：用税收优惠吸引制作。
- A.streamers lost their technical advantages.
- B.streamers changed their strategic priorities.
- C.subscribers grew wary of large platforms.
- D.subscribers were unhappy with new shows.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位'peak TV passed its peak'相关段落 → 提取原因（streamers' emphasis changed from subscriber growth to profitability） → 同义替换为changed strategic priorities
考点：因果定位同义替换
译文：题干：巅峰电视（Peak TV）的巅峰已过，因为____。正确项：流媒体改变了战略重点。
- A.a decline in product quality.
- B.a demand for foreign talent.
- C.a brain drain to other places.
- D.a dramatic rise in labor costs.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第6段假设条件（If productions...dip below a critical level） → 提取后果（talent will drift away） → 同义替换为brain drain
考点：条件推理同义替换
译文：题干：根据第6段，加州娱乐业可能面临____。正确项：人才流向其他地方。
- A.maintain its position in the industry.
- B.attract more investment than it had.
- C.pursue a higher standard of production.
- D.strengthen coordination with other states.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位结论段（That's why...should act） → 提取行动呼吁（persuading studios to film here） → 归纳为维持行业地位
考点：主旨归纳写作目的
译文：题干：作者在结尾强调加州应努力____。正确项：维持其在行业中的地位。
The pioneers of wireless saw it as a gift to all the people. Sir John Reith said that it would end "isolation of the spirit" and rejoiced: "It does not matter how many thousands may be listening, there is always enough for others...the genius and the fool, the wealthy and the poor listen simultaneously." Between two great wars this technological innovation built a new kind of national consciousness. Opening this week, a book and exhibition curated by Beatty Rubens at the Bodleian in Oxford records how radio changed everyday life from 1922 to 1939. She draws on letters, diaries and fiction, and a 1939 field notebook of verbatim audience research by Winifred Gill. There's fun in testimonies of people enjoying the sheer newness. A cartoon mocks a group failing to converse because they're all in headphones. People report that broadcast music made workmen whistle new tunes. A woman says there have been fewer street fights since the arrival of the wireless but also less stopping and "talking on the brush handle". By and large the wireless was welcome. I loved the man from the Thirties research who found that wireless suddenly offered "a lot of variety...things I thought I'd never be interested in...ice hockey perhaps". True: for more than 80 pre-digital years, linear speech broadcasting brought the gift of serendipity, random enlivening of a car journey or dull manual task. In my own book about radio I recorded how, on one drive: "I caught up with the news, learnt some 17th-century history, and was startlingly educated by an unpretentious programme on the history of the stethoscope." But radio's enriching serendipity is ebbing. With multiple networks and countless podcasts, a smartphone user selects what to hear and when. And while it is wonderful to take a walk with anything in your headphones, infinite choice encourages us to shrink into niche interests and sympathetic beliefs. A hundred years on from Marconi and Reith, is the art of mere listening endangered? Some will say the audiobook boom revives it, though I suppose you can then worry about the decline of reading. But inventions shape all of us and it is worth noticing when techno-social habits do change, and asking whether to control them a bit or shield the youngest. Whatever we do, innovation will happen. Today we fret about the isolating culture of smartphone-staring and selfie-vanity, but already in 1939 there was that lady regretting how, when all her street got wirelesses, it lost the neighbourly habit of "talking on the brush handle". It's enough to make a person put down the smartphone and go out front with a yard broom.
- A.It was accessible to everyone.
- B.It improved interpersonal relations.
- C.It was a miracle of human ingenuity.
- D.It led to a new era of isolating culture.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位Sir John Reith的引言 → 提取其关于无线广播普及性的描述（'gift to all the people', 'wealthy and the poor listen simultaneously'） → 同义替换为'accessible to everyone'
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：从Sir John Reith的话中可以了解到关于无线广播的什么信息？ 正确项：它对每个人都是可及的。
- A.The impact of radio on its early audience.
- B.The role of radio in public music education.
- C.The innovation process of radio technology.
- D.The eminent pioneers in radio broadcasting.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位展览描述句 → 提取核心信息'records how radio changed everyday life from 1922 to 1939' → 概括为'对早期听众的影响'
考点：主旨概括细节支撑
译文：题干：牛津大学博德利图书馆展览的主题是什么？ 正确项：广播对其早期听众的影响。
- A.the research on radio used to be inadequate.
- B.the charm of radio remains in the digital age.
- C.radio listeners could make unexpected gains.
- D.radio shows have changed little over the years.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第四段关于广播带来'serendipity'的描述 → 理解'serendipity'（意外发现）的含义 → 推断出听众能获得意想不到的收获
考点：推理判断词义理解
译文：题干：第四段指出____。 正确项：广播听众可以获得意想不到的收获。
- A.making a loud noise.
- B.having a casual chat.
- C.starting a trivial quarrel.
- D.humming a popular song.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位短语所在句 → 分析上下文（'fewer street fights'与'less stopping and talking'形成对比） → 推断'talking on the brush handle'指代闲聊行为
考点：词义猜测上下文对比
译文：题干：第三段和第六段中的表达'talking on the brush handle'指的是____的行为。 正确项：进行随意的聊天。
- A.technology should be aimed at benefiting humans.
- B.actions should be taken to revive the art of listening.
- C.adolescents should form healthy social media habits.
- D.people should adopt a sensible attitude to innovations.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位最后一段 → 捕捉作者观点句（'inventions shape all of us and it is worth noticing when techno-social habits do change'） → 推断作者呼吁对技术变革保持理性关注
考点：观点态度推理判断
译文：题干：在最后一段，作者意在表达的观点是____。 正确项：人们应该对创新采取理性的态度。
When Tom Swetnam joined the U.S. Forest Service in the 1970s, his mandate was to "put everything out," he recalled. But when Swetnam enrolled in graduate school at the University of Arizona's Laboratory of Tree- Ring Research, he was surprised to find a record of repeated blazes dating back hundreds of years before European colonists arrived on the continent. Some of the trees he analyzed bore more than 20 fire scars among their rings. The fact that fires happened so often meant they couldn't have been severe enough to kill most trees. Instead, a growing body of research showed that frequent, low-severity fires made many ecosystems healthier. They rid the forest of dead and sick trees, reducing competition and curbing the spread of disease. Because flammable material couldn't build up on the landscape, blazes tended to move slowly and peter out when they reached the footprints of previous burns. In 2022, Swetnam and other scientists teamed up to compile a database of fire-scarred trees from across the continent. Their North American tree-ring fire-scar network (NAFSN) provided the basis for a study published last month. In the study, the researchers compared the historical fire cadence with the wildfires recorded over the past few decades, and uncovered a striking shortfall. The NAFSN sites experienced less than a quarter of the number of fires that would have been expected without fire suppression. This deficit is a testament to the effectiveness of modern firefighting, said Kelly Martin, a past president of the International Association of Wildland Fire. "Yet the combined consequences of suppression and climate change have eroded humanity's ability to suppress fires, particularly those that ignite under the most dangerous weather conditions." To prevent entire ecosystems from going up in smoke, Martin said, people must bring healthy fire back to places that need it. At Yosemite National Park, Martin oversaw the use of what is known as prescribed burns to make the landscape more resilient. These fires were carefully planned and intentionally ignited during periods when weather kept the blazes easy to control, and helped eliminate some of the fuel that had built up around the important park's facilities. Research shows that these prescribed burns make subsequent wildfires less severe, even if later fires happen under the most dangerous weather conditions. Yet even as scientists and public officials increasingly agree on the need for more fires in our forests, climate change is making this tactic more challenging, experts said. "It's a double-edged sword because wildfires are getting more severe and larger under climate change and we need this work even more, but then the work gets more challenging," said Susan Prichard, a fire ecologist at the University of Washington.
- A.the scarcity of tree-ring research in the U.S.
- B.the firefighting measures in ancient Europe.
- C.the forest management practices in the 1970s.
- D.the number of wildfires in precolonial times.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词'surprised' → 在第一段中定位到'surprised to find a record of repeated blazes dating back hundreds of years before European colonists arrived' → 同义替换为'precolonial times'的'wildfires'数量
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：根据第一段，斯韦特纳姆对____感到惊讶。正确项：殖民前时期的野火数量。
- A.the causes of previous burns.
- B.the treatment of diseased trees.
- C.the benefits of low-severity fires.
- D.the importance of forest ecosystems.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第二段首句'Instead, a growing body of research showed that frequent, low-severity fires made many ecosystems healthier' → 概括段落后续内容（清除病树、减少竞争、控制火势） → 得出段落主旨为低强度火灾的益处
考点：主旨概括段落结构分析
译文：题干：第二段主要聚焦于____。正确项：低强度火灾的益处。
- A.Their intensity has vastly fluctuated.
- B.Their frequency has markedly decreased.
- C.Their threats have been underestimated.
- D.Their records have been misinterpreted.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词'wildfires over the past few decades' → 在文中定位到'compared the historical fire cadence with the wildfires recorded over the past few decades, and uncovered a striking shortfall' → 理解'shortfall'（不足）与'less than a quarter of the number of fires' → 同义替换为'frequency has markedly decreased'
考点：细节定位同义替换数据理解
译文：题干：关于过去几十年的野火，研究发现了什么？正确项：它们的频率显著下降。
- A.Its workforce needs more training.
- B.Its effectiveness is questioned by the public.
- C.It may render traditional tactics useless.
- D.It may make severe fires harder to put out.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词'modern firefighting' → 在文中定位到'The combined consequences of suppression and climate change have eroded humanity's ability to suppress fires, particularly those that ignite under the most dangerous weather conditions' → 推理：抑制火灾的长期后果与气候变化共同作用，使得扑灭最危险条件下的火灾更加困难
考点：推理判断因果逻辑
译文：题干：关于现代消防，可以推断出什么？正确项：它可能使严重火灾更难扑灭。
- A.it is challenging to predict large wildfires.
- B.it is urgent to assess the use of planned fires.
- C.it is necessary to introduce prescribed burns.
- D.it is rewarding to double fire detection efforts.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词'Martin and Prichard' → 在文中定位到Martin的观点'people must bring healthy fire back to places that need it'及后续对prescribed burns的描述 → 推断两人共同认同的观点：需要引入计划烧除
考点：观点推断共同立场归纳
译文：题干：马丁和普里查德都会同意____。正确项：有必要引入计划烧除。
第 3 部分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考排列：
But for the most part, this isn't what the business community does. I have yet to meet a chief executive who reads regularly. Many skip newspapers, and magazines are a stretch. They don't have time, they say. It's inefficient; they can get the information they need from those around them. At a pinch, they might pick up a business book before a long flight, in the hope that, like a cookbook, it will provide a foolproof recipe. Some are drawn to what I think of as "business car crash" books — the stories of Theranos, Purdue, or WeWork. But outside those narrow pools of interest, a vast ocean awaits, bountiful with simmering ideas, mental adventure and imaginative refreshment. / We are living through a golden age of science writing, so lucid and accessible that even lay readers can relish the unpredictability of discovery. Daunted by uncertainty? Stand in the shoes of scientists and witness the degree to which breakthroughs emerge from accidents, conflict and sheer mental stamina. "We are never sure of anything," says the physicist (and writer) Carlo Rovelli. / And just read a single poem. In his Oxford lectures, Seamus Heaney argued that a poem draws a picture of reality, a "glimpsed alternative" that sets up a contradiction with your own, in ways little and large. The negotiation, between you and it, is the heart of the matter. What does the poet see that you don't? What does the difference mean? It could be one of the best conversations you ever have. Forget self-help books; reading is self-help in action. / Reading has also been found to make us more helpful, to reduce bias, and even to increase longevity — something we will enjoy all the more if we have a good book in our hands. (And yes, all these benefits are more closely associated with physical books than digital ones.) / It is undoubtedly true that all work and no play really does make Jack, or Jill, dull. The cure is right at hand. Reading is cheap, easy and, most important, it's fun. Liberate your imagination this year.
第 4 部分 · 英译汉5 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
追溯这一术语的历史,我们可以看到“科学素养”的定义是如何随时间不断变化的,而这就使得在确定科学教育的目标时变得愈发模糊不清。(47) A return to that version of scientific literacy, which focused more on teaching what science isand how it works and less on memorizing scientific facts, seems like something society todaydesperately needs.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
回归科学素养的那个(1945 年的)版本——它更注重教授科学是什么、如何运作,而不那么强调背诵科学事实——似乎正是当今社会迫切需要的东西。(48) Educators advanced the idea of having students complete detailed laboratory exercises in highschools in the belief that such work was beneficial primarily as a way to enhance logical reasoningand observational skills.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
教育工作者提出,让高中生完成详尽的实验室练习;他们相信,这类练习之所以有益,主要是因为它是一种提升逻辑推理能力和观察能力的途径。(49) It wasn't until the phrase "scientific literacy" came along in the 1940s that science had theformidable slogan it needed to command public attention and make improving science education animportant national goal.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
直到 20 世纪 40 年代“科学素养”这一说法问世,科学才拥有了它所需要的那句强有力的口号——用以赢得公众的关注,并使改善科学教育成为一项重要的国家目标。(50) The intense focus on scientific literacy in the United States originally grew out of the criticalrole of science and technology during World War II, as well as the perceived deficiencies ofAmerican soldiers.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
美国之所以高度关注科学素养,最初源于二战期间科学技术所发挥的关键作用,以及人们所认为的美国士兵在这方面的不足。SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲13 句真题句逐层精讲下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。Science education today revolves around the idea of scientific literacy — the base-level knowledge about science that nonscientists require to effectively get on in theworld.第1段,第1句主句包含"revolve around"这类动词短语搭配,宾语后附同位语解释,再嵌套定语从句修饰同位语中的名词,这种"核心概念+解释+限定"的结构在学术类阅读和考试真题中高频出现,具有很强的代表性和迁移价值。This concept has served as a central goal for curriculum developers, local schoolboards, business and community leaders, and policymakers ever since itsintroduction nearly 80 years ago.第1段,第2句现在完成时配合 "ever since" 引导的时间状语从句,是四六级和考研阅读中常见的句式,用于表达某种状态或趋势从过去持续到现在。介词短语列举多个并列对象也是学术文本的典型写法。掌握此句式后可在类似语境中复用。Tracing the history of the term, we can see how the definition of scientific literacyhas shifted over time, muddying the waters when it comes to determining thegoals of science education.第2段,第1句句子涵盖现在分词短语作状语、宾语从句、伴随状语、时间状语从句等多种成分,且句首状语和句尾伴随状语容易与主句主干混淆,宾语从句中 "how" 的用法也是常见考点。成分种类丰富,包含多个易错点,作为划分成分的练习句训练价值较高。And that's a shame, because there is much to recommend in the idea of scientificliteracy as it was originally articulated in 1945, a time when science appeared to bethe key to progress and scientists seemingly held the fate of the world in theirhands.第2段,第2句本句成分丰富:涵盖主系表、there be 存在句、被动语态主谓、及物动词主谓宾、并列谓语、多种状语和定语。尤其是 there be 句型中不定式作定语、被动语态的识别、并列谓语的主语切换,都是常见易错点,非常适合作为划分成分的练习句。A return to that version of scientific literacy, which focused more on teaching whatscience is and how it works and less on memorizing scientific facts, seems likesomething society today desperately needs.第2段,第3句成分种类丰富且包含多个典型易错点:主句有被长修饰语打断的主语和系表结构;非限定性定语从句展示了关系代词 "which" 作主语的用法和对比状语 "more on ... and less on ...";宾语从句涉及"what" 作表语和 "how" 作状语的特殊语序;限定性定语从句演示了关系代词省略和多个状语的排列。覆盖主系表、定语从句(限定性与非限定性)、宾语从句、状语类型等核心考点,训练价值高。In the United States, the desire to provide the public with a general, nontechnicaleducation in science originated as far back as the late 1800s.第3段,第1句句式为典型的简单句配长主语和状语的结构,后置定语修饰主语这一模式在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,学习后可迁移至大量类似句子Educators advanced the idea of having students complete detailed laboratoryexercises in high schools in the belief that such work was beneficial primarily as away to enhance logical reasoning and observational skills.第3段,第2句同位语从句是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式,特别是"抽象名词 + that从句"的结构(如belief/idea/fact/evidence + that)在学术英语中极为常见。本句的"in the belief that..."既体现了同位语从句的典型用法,又结合了介词短语和长修饰语的真题常见特征,学习者掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子。The development in 1915 of the popular new subject "general science" was anothereffort to train students to apply the principles of science to everyday, nonscienceproblems.第3段,第3句本句覆盖了主语、谓语、表语、定语(不定式和介词短语)、时间状语等多种成分,且主语部分的修饰成分较为复杂(时间状语和介词短语分隔核心名词),表语部分包含嵌套的不定式结构,适合练习如何在长句中识别核心成分和修饰成分的归属关系。Although these efforts were aimed at the nonscience-bound student, they neverreally made their way into mainstream thought and public discourse as a means torally widespread support for the importance of science teaching in schools.第4段,第1句让步状语从句(Although引导)加主句的结构在四六级和考研阅读中极为常见,是表达转折对比的典型句式。主句中的"make one's way into"和"as a means to"都是学术写作的高频表达。从句使用被动语态描述研究或措施的设计初衷,也是科技、教育类文章的常见写法。掌握本句结构后,可直接迁移到大量同类句式的理解和写作中。It wasn't until the phrase "scientific literacy" came along in the 1940s that sciencehad the formidable slogan it needed to command public attention and makeimproving science education an important national goal.第4段,第2句涵盖丰富的成分类型和易错点:强调句中的形式主语 it、被强调的时间状语从句、主句实际主谓宾、省略关系代词的定语从句、不定式作宾语、并列不定式(第二个省略 to)。特别是强调句框架的识别、形式主语与实际主语的区分、省略关系代词的定语从句判定,都是考试高频考点和学生易错环节,训练价值极高Battles increasingly depended on new military technologies such as radar and theproximity fuze.第5段,第3句典型的简单句主谓宾结构,但句式过于基础,在四六级或考研阅读中不具有代表性。真题中更常见包含从句或复杂修饰的句子,本句作为句式样本的迁移价值中等。And there was the (then-secret) work building the world's first atomic bomb.第5段,第5句there be 句型在四六级与考研真题中频繁出现,尤其是带有后置定语修饰主语的变体。本句结构(be 动词 + 名词 + 现在分词短语作定语)具有较高代表性,掌握后可迁移到同类句式。As a result, scientists — physicists in particular — found themselves in highdemand.第5段,第6句本句涵盖了主语、谓语、宾语、宾补、状语、同位语六种成分,结构相对丰富;"find + 宾语 + 宾补" 是常见易错结构,宾补和状语的区分、同位语的识别都有一定练习价值,适合作为成分划分的中等难度练习句。HIGH-FREQUENCY · 真题高频词本篇出现的 45 个考研英语一真题高频词下列单词既在本篇英文短文中出现,又是 考研英语一 历年真题的高频词(在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8)。每个词标注本篇 出现次数与该考试真题句频,点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。scientific B1 literacy B2adj. 科学的 n. 读写能力本篇7 次 · 真题 83 句 本篇6 次 · 真题 15 句focus B1 united B1n. 重点 adj. 联合的本篇2 次 · 真题 77 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 52 句states A1 teaching A2n. 国家 n. 教学工作;教书本篇2 次 · 真题 42 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 16 句central B1 less A1adj. 主要的 det. 较少的本篇2 次 · 真题 9 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 150 句support A2 community B1v. 支持 n. 社区本篇1 次 · 真题 87 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 71 句local A2 demand B1adj. 当地的 v. 坚决要求本篇1 次 · 真题 65 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 63 句approach B1 increasingly B2v. 靠近,接近(在空间或时间上) adv. 越来越;日益;不断增加地本篇1 次 · 真题 51 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 40 句desire B2 aim B1n. 愿望 v. 瞄准本篇1 次 · 真题 37 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 35 句advance B1 apply A2v. 前进 v. 申请本篇1 次 · 真题 33 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 33 句importance B1 shift B1n. 重要性 v. 移动本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句concept B2 particular B2n. 概念 adj. 特定的本篇1 次 · 真题 29 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 27 句critical B2 belief B1adj. 批评的 n. 相信本篇1 次 · 真题 26 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 25 句means A2 enhance B2n. 方法 v. 提高本篇1 次 · 真题 25 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 24 句assume B2 principle B2v. 假定 n. 原则,准则本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句determine B2 perceive B2v. 决定 v. 理解,领悟(某事的性质或意义)本篇1 次 · 真题 21 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 19 句recommend B1 version B1v. 推荐 n. 版本本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句phrase B1 rapidly B1n. 短语 adv. 迅速地本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句battle B1 trace B2n. 战斗 v. 追踪;查找本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句widespread B2 effectively B2adj. 广泛的 adv. 有效地本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句definition B2 primarily B2n. 定义 adv. 主要地本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句reasoning B2 military B2n. 推理 adj. 军事的本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句originate C1 developer B1v. 起源于 n. 开发者本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句policymaker C1n. 政策制定者本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句VOCABULARY · 词汇难度分布英文短文 181 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖英文短文去重后共 181 个单词,按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比(CDF),最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上(C1/C2)为高阶词,本篇共 11 个 ·约 6%。30% 55% 81% 94% 99% 100%A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下每柱为「按 CEFR 等级及以下」的累积覆盖率(CDF)· 数据为英文短文去重词 181 个 · 末柱为 100%去重总词数 B2 以上难词 B1 及以下覆盖181 6% 81 %考研英语一 2026年 · 全卷构成Section I 完形填空(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (2) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (3) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (4) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part B 段落排序 题目解析 →Section II Part C 英译汉(划线句子翻译) 本题Section III Part A 写作 题目解析 →Section III Part B 写作 题目解析 →
第 5 部分 · 写作 Part A1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Dear Paul, I'm so glad you liked the handwritten letters, and I'd love to share more. These letters were written by ordinary Chinese families over the past century. Many were sent between parents and children living apart, recording daily worries, encouragement and love. They are priceless because they preserve real family memories and reflect how our society has changed. Yes, they are on public display. The letters are being exhibited at the City Library until the end of August, open daily from nine to five. If you like, I could go with you next weekend and show you around. Yours, Li Ming
第 6 部分 · 写作 Part B1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
The pie chart and the bar chart above present the findings of a survey on consumer acceptance of elderly-care robots and people's foremost concerns. As is shown in the pie chart, 39.3% of the respondents fully accept such robots, 32.8% partially accept them, and the remaining 27.9% refuse to accept them. Meanwhile, the bar chart indicates that safety ranks first at 46.30%, far ahead of price, which accounts for 24.90%, and convenience, which makes up only 10.70%. Several factors account for these figures. As society ages rapidly and the demand for elderly care keeps rising, robots are increasingly viewed as a practical solution, which explains why over 70% of people accept them to some degree. However, since these machines serve vulnerable elderly users, the public naturally worries most about whether they are safe and reliable rather than cheap or convenient. In my view, elderly-care robots represent a promising trend that deserves encouragement. To win wider acceptance, manufacturers should place safety at the core of their design while gradually bringing down prices. Only when these concerns are properly addressed can such technology truly benefit the aging population.
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