2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题 · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2017 年
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 题量
- 29 题
- 满分
- 100 分
- 限时
- 180 分钟
- 题型结构
- 完形填空 20 题 10 分 · 阅读 Part A 20 题 40 分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型 1 题 10 分 · 英译汉 5 题 10 分 · 写作 Part A 1 题 10 分 · 写作 Part B 1 题 20 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 完形填空1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-B 2-A 3-D 4-C 5-B 6-D 7-B 8-C 9-A 10-D 11-A 12-B 13-D 14-B 15-C 16-A 17-C 18-A 19-C 20-D
解析：1 空 分析空格前后逻辑关系 → 前句肯定拥抱，后句列举好处 → 选择表示递进关系的连词
2 空 分析空格与'close'的并列关系 → 拥抱促进人际联结 → 选择表示情感联结的形容词
3 空 分析空格与'health benefits'的搭配 → 拥抱带来大量益处 → 选择表示'大量'的名词
4 空 分析空格与'getting sick'的动词搭配 → 拥抱帮助预防生病 → 选择表示'避免'的动词
5 空 分析空格与'study'和'400 healthy adults'的关系 → 研究涉及这些人 → 选择表示'涉及'的现在分词
6 空 定位空格前动词 'examine' → 分析其与介词的固定搭配 → 得出答案
7 空 定位空格后介词 'to' 及宾语 'the virus' → 分析语境（接触病毒）→ 从选项中选出符合语境的过去分词 → 得出答案
8 空 定位空格前动词 'come' → 分析其与介词的固定搭配及语境（患上感冒）→ 得出答案
9 空 定位空格后宾语从句（研究结论）→ 分析语境（研究者得出结论）→ 从选项中选出符合语境的动词 → 得出答案
10 空 定位空格前主语 'the stress-reducing effects of hugging' → 分析语境（解释有益效果的原因）→ 从选项中选出符合语境的动词 → 得出答案
11 空 分析句间逻辑关系 → 前句强调拥抱的积极效果，后句进一步补充其健康益处 → 选择表示递进关系的连接词
12 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析'had less severe ___'的搭配与语境 → 选择与感冒相关的医学症状词汇
13 空 分析空格所在句的因果关系 → 压力通常会增加感冒风险 → 拥抱的减压效果应能抵消这种风险 → 选择表示'增加'的动词
14 空 分析空格所在句的固定搭配 → 'be ___ with stress'需要表示'与...相关联'的动词 → 选择符合医学研究语境的搭配
15 空 分析空格所在句的语义 → 拥抱帮助产生'他人在场'的感觉 → 选择表示'产生、引发'的动词
16 空 定位空格前后的介词结构 → 分析四个选项的固定搭配含义 → 结合语境‘面对压力’的语义 → 得出答案
17 空 定位空格后的介词‘to’ → 分析四个动词与‘to’的搭配 → 结合语境‘将益处归因于’ → 得出答案
18 空 定位空格前后两个分句 → 分析逻辑关系（原因） → 选择表示原因的连词 → 得出答案
19 空 定位空格前后的转折词‘But’和地点状语‘in the brain’ → 分析与前文‘释放到血液’的对比 → 选择表示‘保留’的动词 → 得出答案
20 空 定位空格后的宾语‘mood, behavior and physiology’ → 分析四个动词与这些抽象名词的搭配 → 结合语境‘影响’ → 得出答案
考点：逻辑衔接词辨析语境选词近义词辨析固定搭配辨析动词搭配辨析动词搭配 examine...on...固定搭配 come down with逻辑衔接词固定搭配固定搭配 in the face of近义短语辨析固定搭配 attribute...to近义动词辨析状语从句连词辨析因果逻辑关系
译文：题干：除了帮助你感觉亲近并{{2}}你关心的人，拥抱还能带来许多健康益处。正确项：Besides（除了...之外还）
第 2 部分 · 阅读 Part A20 题 · 40 分
First two hours, now three hours – this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines. Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating. Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons – both fake and real – past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become – but the lines are obvious. Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this. There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck. It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways. The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.
- A.explain American's tolerance of current security checks.
- B.stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.
- C.highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.
- D.emphasize the importance of privacy protection.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 → 分析该句在段落中的功能（举例说明前文观点） → 推断其论证目的
考点：例证功能观点支撑
译文：题干：提及埃及航空804航班坠毁事件是为了____。正确项A：解释美国人对当前安检的容忍度。
- A.New restrictions on carry-on bags.
- B.The declining efficiency of the TSA.
- C.An increase in the number of travelers.
- D.Frequent unexpected secret checks.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 → 在文中定位导致长等待的多个因素 → 匹配选项与原文信息
考点：细节定位因果匹配
译文：题干：以下哪项是导致主要机场长时间等待的原因？正确项C：旅客数量的增加。
- A.quieter.
- B.cheaper.
- C.wider.
- D.faster.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位目标词 → 分析其所在句子的语境（与“saving time”并列） → 推断词义
考点：语境推断同义替换
译文：题干：第5段第4行的单词“expedited”最接近的意思是____。正确项D：更快的。
- A.a dramatic reduction of its scale.
- B.its wrongly-directed implementation.
- C.the government's reluctance to back it.
- D.an unreasonable price for enrollment.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 → 在文末定位PreCheck项目的问题描述 → 匹配选项与原文信息
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：PreCheck项目的一个问题是____。正确项D：注册费用不合理。
- A.Less Screening for More Safety
- B.PreCheck – a Belated Solution
- C.Getting Stuck in Security Lines
- D.Underused PreCheck Lanes
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：通览全文 → 概括各段核心内容（安检耗时长、原因分析、PreCheck方案） → 选择最能覆盖全文主旨的标题
考点：主旨概括标题匹配
译文：题干：以下哪项最适合作为本文标题？正确项C：困在安检队伍中。
"The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers," wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos. At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Resting in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity. Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation. Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island's inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today. Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes. The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.
- A.her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.
- B.the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.
- C.the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.
- D.her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位首段女王引言 → 分析引言后文对天文学家社会地位的描述 → 推断引言意在强调天文学在古代社会的重要性
考点：细节定位语境推断
译文：题干：女王莉留卡拉尼在第一段的言论表明____。正确项：天文学在古代夏威夷社会的重要性。
- A.its geographical features.
- B.its protective surroundings.
- C.its religious implications.
- D.its existing infrastructure.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位描述莫纳克亚山地理特征的句子 → 提取其海拔高于稠密大气层、观测条件优越等信息 → 匹配选项A
考点：细节定位信息匹配
译文：题干：莫纳克亚山被视为理想天文台址的原因是____。正确项：其地理特征。
- A.it may risk ruining their intellectual life.
- B.it reminds them of a humiliating history.
- C.their culture will lose a chance of revival.
- D.they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位反对者观点的句子 → 提取‘痛苦提醒被占领历史’这一关键信息 → 同义替换为‘提醒他们屈辱的历史’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：TMT的建设遭到部分当地人反对，部分原因是____。正确项：它提醒他们一段屈辱的历史。
- A.is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.
- B.helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.
- C.may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.
- D.will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位第五段关于科学与夏威夷文化共同追求的论述 → 推断现代天文学的进步与古代夏威夷人探索未知的好奇心一脉相承 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断指代衔接
译文：题干：从第五段可以推断，当今的天文学进步____。正确项：正在实现古代夏威夷人的梦想。
- A.severe criticism.
- B.passive acceptance.
- C.slight hesitancy.
- D.full approval.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：通读全文，把握作者对天文学与夏威夷文化共存可能性的论述基调 → 识别作者对天文学社区做出妥协的肯定态度 → 推断作者对选址持支持态度
考点：观点态度全文基调把握
译文：题干：作者对选择莫纳克亚山作为TMT选址的态度是____。正确项：完全赞同。
Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to. The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects? A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing. While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment. This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different. So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being. The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
- A.praised the UK for its GDP.
- B.identified GDP with happiness.
- C.misinterpreted the role of GDP.
- D.had a low opinion of GDP.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位首段肯尼迪引言 → 分析其对GDP的负面评价（'measures everything except that which makes life worthwhile'）→ 推断其态度为贬低
考点：观点态度推断引言意图理解
译文：题干：引用罗伯特·F·肯尼迪是因为他____。正确项D：对GDP评价不高。
- A.the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.
- B.GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.
- C.the UK will contribute less to the world economy.
- D.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第二段关于英国GDP数据与脱欧投票的矛盾 → 结合研究结论（英国在将增长转化为福祉方面表现差）→ 推断GDP作为成功标准在英国受到挑战
考点：矛盾信息推理研究结论应用
译文：题干：从第二段可以推断出____。正确项B：GDP作为成功标准在英国受到广泛质疑。
- A.It is sponsored by 163 countries.
- B.It excludes GDP as an indicator.
- C.Its criteria are questionable.
- D.Its results are enlightening.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位第三段关于年度研究的描述 → 提取关键信息（研究衡量多维度指标，结果揭示了问题）→ 匹配选项D（结果具有启发性）
考点：细节定位信息匹配
译文：题干：关于最近的年度研究，以下哪项是正确的？正确项D：其结果具有启发性。
- A.the UK is preparing for an economic boom.
- B.high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.
- C.it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.
- D.it requires caution to handle economic issues.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位最后两段核心观点（GDP不够，需考虑环境、教育等因素）→ 归纳作者建议 → 匹配选项C（考虑GDP以外的因素至关重要）
考点：段落主旨归纳作者观点推断
译文：题干：在最后两段中，作者暗示____。正确项C：考虑GDP以外的因素至关重要。
- A.High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK Lesson
- B.GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health
- C.Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP
- D.Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-being
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：通览全文结构（引言-问题-研究-结论）→ 提炼核心论点（GDP高但福祉不足，英国为例）→ 匹配选项A
考点：全文主旨概括标题匹配
译文：题干：以下哪项是本文的最佳标题？正确项A：高GDP但福祉不足，一个英国教训。
In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government. The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties. Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found. The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act". The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery. "The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, "assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns." But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth. Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government – is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual. The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.
- A.avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.
- B.made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.
- C.was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.
- D.refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位首段划线句 → 分析‘holding its nose at the ethics’的隐喻含义 → 推断法院对行为的负面评价态度
考点：隐喻理解态度推断
译文：题干：第一段划线句最可能表明法院____。正确项C：对麦当劳的行为感到蔑视。
- A.leaking secrets intentionally.
- B.sizable gains in the form of gifts.
- C.concrete returns for gift-givers.
- D.breaking contracts officially.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第四段关于‘official act’的定义 → 提取‘proof must be made of concrete benefits’这一核心条件 → 同义替换为‘concrete returns’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：根据第四段，一项公务行为只有在涉及____时才被视为腐败。正确项C：给送礼者带来具体回报。
- A.justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.
- B.qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.
- C.allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.
- D.exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位第五段引述的首席大法官观点 → 提取‘assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns’ → 同义替换为‘addressing the needs of their constituents’
考点：引述观点定位同义替换
译文：题干：法院的裁决基于这样的假设：公职人员____。正确项A：在回应选民需求方面是正当的。
- A.awaken the conscience of officials.
- B.guarantee fair play in official access.
- C.allow for certain kinds of lobbying.
- D.inspire hopes in average people.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第六段关于‘well-enforced laws in government transparency’的论述 → 结合前文‘ensure equality of access to government’和后文‘avoid double standards’ → 推断其目的是保障公平
考点：细节关联目的推断
译文：题干：需要严格执行的政府透明度法律来____。正确项B：保障公务接触中的公平竞争。
- A.sarcastic.
- B.tolerant.
- C.skeptical.
- D.supportive.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：通读全文，捕捉作者对裁决的评价性语言 → 如‘legally sound’（法律上合理）、‘reinforces the need’（强化了需求） → 综合判断作者持支持态度
考点：态度词捕捉全文综合
译文：题干：作者对法院裁决的态度是____。正确项D：支持的。
第 3 部分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考排列：
Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy pay office – a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction. / Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines. / The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation. / Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837. / After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.
第 4 部分 · 英译汉5 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
但是,即便说英语的人数进一步增长,仍有迹象表明:英语在全球的主导地位可能会在可预见的未来逐渐式微。(47) His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that theglobal position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do notneed additional language capabilities.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
因此,他的分析理应终结某些人的自满情绪:这些人可能认为,英语的全球地位如此稳固,以至于英国的年轻一代根本无需再掌握其他语言能力。(48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but Britishschoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluencyin other languages.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
许多国家正在将英语纳入小学课程,但英国的中小学生及学生似乎并未得到更多鼓励去熟练掌握其他语言。(49) The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK'sproviders of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader educationbusiness sectors.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
David Graddol 所指出的这些变化,全都给英国那些向他国民众提供英语教学的机构、以及更广泛的教育产业部门带来了明确而重大的挑战。(50) It gives a basis to all organisations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, abasis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
这项研究为所有致力于推广英语学习与使用的机构提供了一个依据,一个据以制定规划、从而应对未来那种可能截然不同的运营环境及其种种可能性的依据。SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲5 句真题句逐层精讲下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。The growth of the use of English as the world's primary language for internationalcommunication has obviously been continuing for several decades.第1段,第1句本句的结构非常典型:长主语 + 完成进行时谓语 + 时间状语,是四六级和考研阅读中高频出现的句式。主语通过层层介词短语修饰表达复杂概念,谓语用完成进行时描述长期趋势,这种组合在学术类和新闻类文本中极为常见,学生掌握后可以大量复用到同类句子的分析中。Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could startto diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market,and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage wouldconsequently face new pressures.第2段,第1句本句是典型的并列复合句加限制性定语从句结构,这种句式在四六级和考研阅读中高频出现。情态动词表达推测、定语从句修饰主语、并列句表达因果关系,都是考试常考句式,掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子。His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who maybelieve that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations ofthe United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.第2段,第3句覆盖主谓宾、定语从句、宾语从句、结果状语从句、so...that结构等多种成分和句型,且长修饰语、多层嵌套容易造成成分归属混淆,是练习划分复杂句成分的优质材料。David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economicfuture as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving tohave a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companiesand organisations.第3段,第1句本句体现了考试中常见的宾语从句嵌套状语从句的典型结构,主句谓语 conclude 引导观点陈述、宾语从句中用 as 引导原因说明,这种论述型句式在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,掌握后可迁移到大量类似句型。If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the Englishlanguage in international education markets as the demand for educationalresources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows andinternational business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese,French and German, spreads.第4段,第1句本句的结构在考试真题中非常典型:主句陈述结果或趋势,状语从句说明原因或条件,从句内部包含并列结构。这种"结果 + 原因"的逻辑框架在学术写作和考试阅读中频繁出现。句中大量使用介词短语修饰名词,以及举例说明"such as"的用法,也是常见的表达方式。掌握本句结构后,可以迁移到大量类似句子的理解和写作中。HIGH-FREQUENCY · 真题高频词本篇出现的 62 个考研英语一真题高频词下列单词既在本篇英文短文中出现,又是 考研英语一 历年真题的高频词(在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8)。每个词标注本篇 出现次数与该考试真题句频,点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。global B2 economic B2adj. 全球的 adj. 经济的本篇3 次 · 真题 44 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 98 句demand B1 billion B1v. 坚决要求 num. 十亿(1,000,000,000)本篇2 次 · 真题 63 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 39 句earn A2 possibility B1v. 赚得,挣得(金钱) n. 可能性本篇2 次 · 真题 32 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 25 句basis B2 expand B2n. 基础;根据 v. 扩大;扩展;增长本篇2 次 · 真题 23 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 19 句sector B2 teaching A2n. (经济或商业的)部门,行业 n. 教学工作;教书本篇2 次 · 真题 19 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 16 句organisation B1 diminish C1n. 组织;机构 v. 减少本篇2 次 · 真题 10 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 8 句would A1 likely A2aux. (will 的过去式)将要,会 adj. 很可能的本篇1 次 · 真题 304 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 89 句growth B1 process B1n. 增长 n. 过程本篇1 次 · 真题 80 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 80 句policy B1 decade B1n. 政策 n. 十年本篇1 次 · 真题 69 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 61 句generation B2 challenge B1n. 一代人 n. 挑战本篇1 次 · 真题 60 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 57 句major B1 pressure B1adj. 主要的 n. 心理压力本篇1 次 · 真题 56 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 55 句united B1 approach B1adj. 联合的 v. 靠近,接近(在空间或时间上)本篇1 次 · 真题 52 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 51 句significant B2 gain B1adj. 重要的 v. 获得;赢得本篇1 次 · 真题 47 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 43 句sign A1 seek B1n. 标志 v. 寻找本篇1 次 · 真题 42 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 40 句trend B1 promote B2n. 趋势 v. 促进本篇1 次 · 真题 40 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 38 句identify B1 further B1v. 识别 adv. 更远地本篇1 次 · 真题 37 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 34 句graduate B1 cultural B1n. 毕业生 adj. 文化的本篇1 次 · 真题 34 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 32 句complex B2 shift B1adj. 复杂的,难懂的 v. 移动本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句educational B1 analysis B2adj. 教育的 n. 分析本篇1 次 · 真题 26 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 24 句conclude B2 resource B1v. 断定;推断出 n. 资源本篇1 次 · 真题 24 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 24 句directly B1 related B1adv. 直接地 adj. 相关的本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句learning A1 broad B1n. 学习 adj. 宽阔的本篇1 次 · 真题 22 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句effective B1 technological B2adj. 有效的,起作用的 adj. 技术的本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句provider B2 highlight B2n. 供应者 n. 最精彩的部分本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 16 句additional B1 therefore B1adj. 额外的 adv. 因此,所以本篇1 次 · 真题 15 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 15 句operate B1 practical B1v. 运转 adj. 实际的本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句stable B1 leading B1adj. 稳定的 adj. 最重要的本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句planning B1 strength B1n. 规划 n. 力量本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句counterpart C1 obviously B1n. 对应的人或物 adv. 显然,明显地本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句alongside B1 capability B2prep. 在...旁边 n. 能力本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句realistic B2 relative B1adj. 现实的 n. 亲戚,亲属本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句VOCABULARY · 词汇难度分布英文短文 169 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖英文短文去重后共 169 个单词,按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比(CDF),最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上(C1/C2)为高阶词,本篇共 9 个 ·约 5%。30% 51% 82% 95% 100% 100%A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下每柱为「按 CEFR 等级及以下」的累积覆盖率(CDF)· 数据为英文短文去重词 169 个 · 末柱为 100%去重总词数 B2 以上难词 B1 及以下覆盖169 5% 82 %考研英语一 2017年 · 全卷构成Section I 完形填空(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (1) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (2) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (3) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (4) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part B 段落排序 题目解析 →Section II Part C 英译汉(划线句子翻译) 本题Section III Part A 写作 题目解析 →Section III Part B 写作 题目解析 →
第 5 部分 · 写作 Part A1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Dear James, Warm welcome to our city! As you have just arrived, I am writing to recommend two attractions that I believe you will love. The first is the Great Wall. Winding over the mountains, it offers breathtaking views and a vivid lesson in Chinese history, which should fascinate you as a scholar. The second is the Palace Museum, where thousands of imperial treasures reveal our ancient culture and craftsmanship. Both places are easy to reach and rewarding. I am sure they will make your stay memorable. Feel free to contact me if you need a guide. Yours, Li Ming
第 6 部分 · 写作 Part B1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
As is vividly depicted in the two pictures, a striking contrast is presented. In the left one, a man leans back in his chair with a relaxed look, surrounded by shelves crammed with books, saying "I own so many books." In the right one, another man sits at his desk, smiling as he reads, and declares, "I will strive to finish reading twenty books this year." Simple as it seems, the cartoon conveys a thought-provoking message. The first man symbolizes those who take pride merely in possessing books, mistaking ownership for knowledge, while the second represents people who set concrete goals and translate intention into real action. What truly enriches the mind is not how many books sit on our shelves, but how many we genuinely read and digest. As far as I am concerned, the latter attitude deserves our applause. Collecting books without reading them is nothing but self-deception, whereas a modest yet achievable reading plan can steadily broaden our horizons. Therefore, we young people should stop showing off our bookshelves and instead pick up a book, page by page, turning good intentions into lasting habits.
常见问题
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题的答案和解析在哪看？
答案与解析就在本页：每道题下方「参考答案与解析」展开即看，含参考答案、解题思路与考点，免登录直接阅读。
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题 PDF 怎么免费下载？
本页「试卷封面」卡片「收录格式」行内的 PDF 徽标即下载链接，点击直接下载本卷 PDF 文件，无需登录。
这套卷怎么在线做题、怎么计分？
点页面上方「开始考试（网页）」进入在线做题页：登录后装载本卷作答，交卷自动判分并留存成绩；免费账号每日可装载 30 套，会员每日 100 套。