2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）及答案解析

四级 CET-4真题 · 在线做题

2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） · 完整收录

年份考次
2024 年 · 12月·第3套
命题归属
全国统一命题
省份
全国
听力
含听力
题量
39 题
满分
710 分
限时
125 分钟
题型结构
听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
收录格式
PDF
2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） 试卷封面（PDF 首页）
2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） 试卷封面大图
试卷封面 · 点击看大图
开始考试（网页）
开始考试（微信）
2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） 微信小程序码

微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试

本页为《2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）》完整静态文字版（题干 · 选项 · 听力原文 · 答案 · 解析均为页面原生内容，无需登录即可阅读）；听力段附「播放本段听力」按钮（浏览器语音合成 · 学阶考试语速，可反复收听）；点上方「开始考试」进入在线做题页作答。

第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分

听力原文 · Questions 1 to 2（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

The City of Fayetteville is making a special effort to recognize its bus drivers ahead of the newly proclaimed Transit Driver Appreciation Day happening Saturday. As part of the event, the city is celebrating its longest-serving driver on the force. That driver is Sherry Christian. Christian has been a driver for 25 years. The Fayetteville native believes driving a school bus allows her to give back to her community. She says that the best part of the job is watching the children who ride her bus grow up. Transit Driver Appreciation Day has been celebrated across the country as far back as 2009. However, this week, the City of Fayetteville issued a proclamation for the day to take place March 18th. Officials said they want bus drivers to know how important they are to Fayetteville, serving almost 1.6 million riders a year. She is the longest-serving bus driver in Fayetteville.

1. What do we learn about Sherry Christian?
  1. A.She is making a special effort to be recognized.
  2. B.She has been living in Fayetteville for 25 years.
  3. C.She has been driving a school bus ever since 2009.
  4. D.She is the longest-serving bus driver in Fayetteville.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位人物信息 → 匹配原文细节 → 排除张冠李戴选项

考点：细节定位指代匹配

译文：题干：关于Sherry Christian我们了解到什么？正确项：她是Fayetteville服务时间最长的公交车司机。

2. What did city officials of Fayetteville want bus drivers to be aware of?
  1. A.The importance of their service to the city.
  2. B.The number of riders they serve in the city.
  3. C.The new proclamation issued early this week.
  4. D.The significance of the event to take place March 18.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位官员发言 → 提取核心信息 → 排除细节干扰

考点：细节定位信息筛选

译文：题干：Fayetteville市官员希望公交车司机意识到什么？正确项：他们服务对城市的重要性。

听力原文 · Questions 3 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

The Wilton School Board has proposed a 5.99% spending increase. If approved, it would be the largest jump in at least eight budget cycles. The 5.99% request more than doubles the highest previous year-over-year increase in the last eight years, which was 2.99% for the 2021-2022 school year. The biggest driver of the $91.8 million proposed budget remains teacher salaries. These account for 64% of the total request at $59 million. The $59 million is up from the $56.7 million budgeted for the current school year. There are some factors that could affect the budget moving forward. One of those is total enrollment. The district will have a total enrollment of 3,742 students. Almost all of these students will be in kindergarten through high school, but 66 will be in prekindergarten and other programs. This represents 47 fewer students than the current year. Fewer students mean less federal and state funding. Budgeted $56.7 million for the coming school year.

3. What does the news report say the Wilton School Board has done?
  1. A.Budgeted $56.7 million for the coming school year.
  2. B.Requested to raise teachers' salaries by 3 percent.
  3. C.Proposed a spending increase by 5.99 percent.
  4. D.Kept raising funds for at least 8 budget cycles.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位学校董事会行动 → 匹配具体提案 → 排除数字混淆选项

考点：细节定位数字信息匹配

译文：题干：新闻报道说Wilton学校董事会做了什么？正确项：提出了5.99%的支出增长。

4. What will a decline in the total enrollment lead to?
  1. A.Decrease in salaries for school administrators.
  2. B.Reduction in federal and state funding.
  3. C.Firing of less qualified faculty members.
  4. D.Closing down of some less competitive schools.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位因果关系 → 提取直接后果 → 排除过度推断选项

考点：因果推理细节匹配

译文：题干：入学人数下降会导致什么？正确项：联邦和州资金的减少。

听力原文 · Questions 5 to 7（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

A rare thundersnow event has taken place in Scotland. And alarmed locals contacted police, thinking they had heard bombs going off. The phenomenon happens when thunder and lightning mix with a heavy snowstorm—sometimes causing loud claps that can be confused with explosions. One person described it as a loud boom, similar to a plane crash. Another person was woken up in the middle of the night by what he thought was early construction work starting. The noise was powerful enough to shake buildings and set off car alarms. The police were flooded with many calls from the public. And they sent out a message asking people to remain calm. The police assured everyone that it was just thunder and lightning rather than some military exercise. The weather was the coldest it had been for the season, so people were warned to be careful when traveling outside. In particular, dangerous conditions such as icy roads or wet ground could cause difficulty for drivers. The rail service also announced potential disruptions to trains due to the deep snow. Some roads were also closed because of the severe weather. sometimes causing loud claps that can be confused with explosions. Their loud claps can be confused with explosions.

5. What do we learn about thundersnows from the report?
  1. A.They often take place in the Scottish highlands.
  2. B.They usually happen in the middle of the night.
  3. C.Their damage can be as serious as that of bombs.
  4. D.Their loud claps can be confused with explosions.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位雷雪特征 → 匹配原文描述 → 排除过度概括选项

考点：细节定位特征匹配

译文：题干：从报道中我们了解到雷雪的什么信息？正确项：它们巨大的声响可能被误认为爆炸。

6. What did the police do when they received the local residents' phone calls?
  1. A.They sent out a message to calm them down.
  2. B.They promised to stop the construction work.
  3. C.They told them the military exercise was over.
  4. D.They set off to inspect the site of the plane crash.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'police' 和 'phone calls' → 听到 'they sent out a message asking people to remain calm' → 同义替换 'sent out a message to calm them down' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：警方接到当地居民的电话后做了什么？正确项：他们发出信息安抚他们。

7. What were people advised to do when traveling outside?
  1. A.Keep warm.
  2. B.Take caution.
  3. C.Avoid driving.
  4. D.Use rail service. four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'traveling outside' → 听到 'people were warned to be careful when traveling outside' → 同义替换 'be careful' 为 'take caution' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：人们被建议在外出旅行时做什么？正确项：小心谨慎。

听力原文 · Questions 8 to 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

M: I'm going to the city centre to buy a new phone today. W: Didn't you buy a new phone just two months ago? M: It was three months ago, and I already know what you're going to say. You're thinking I shouldn't replace my phone this soon. W: No, actually, I was wondering how you could possibly afford a new phone. But now that you mention it, I do think getting another phone so soon is wasteful, regardless of the cost. M: Maybe you're right, but the thing is, everyone at the office has a nice, expensive phone, and I'm a little embarrassed by mine. I just got a credit card, so I thought I might as well buy a new phone. W: I don't think buying a phone on credit is a good idea. Look, you've only been working for five months now. People understand that you are a recent graduate, and I doubt anyone cares about your phone other than yourself. M: Maybe you're right, but the credit card has a very good special offer, where I don't pay any interest for six months. I'll be able to pay for the phone well before that period is over. W: I still think it's a bad idea to use a credit card for something you don't need. One of my colleagues bought a lot of things on credit during her first year of work, and it became a bad habit, and she accumulated a lot of debt. M: Well, I can see how that might happen to someone, and I'm sure she regrets it, but I know it won't happen to me.

8. What does the woman say she was actually wondering about?
  1. A.Why the man is so anxious to buy a new phone.
  2. B.How the man could possibly afford a new phone.
  3. C.How the man got into the habit of being wasteful.
  4. D.Why the man is so fond of using his credit card.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'woman' 和 'wondering about' → 听到女士说 'I was wondering how you could possibly afford a new phone' → 同义替换 'how you could possibly afford' 为 'how the man could possibly afford' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位指代理解

译文：题干：女士说她实际上在想什么？正确项：男士如何能买得起一部新手机。

9. Why is the man a little embarrassed by the phone he's using now?
  1. A.It is not in fashion any more.
  2. B.It goes out of order frequently.
  3. C.It is not as fancy as his colleagues'.
  4. D.It lacks functions office work requires.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'embarrassed' → 听到男士说 'everyone at the office has a nice, expensive phone, and I'm a little embarrassed by mine' → 推理 'embarrassed' 的原因是自己的手机不如同事的 → 同义替换为 'not as fancy as his colleagues'' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位语境推理

译文：题干：男士为什么对他现在使用的手机感到有点尴尬？正确项：它不如他同事的手机那么花哨。

10. What does the man say about the credit card he just got?
  1. A.It enables him to buy a new phone at a more favorable price.
  2. B.It is a special offer to recent college graduates working in offices.
  3. C.It is available to office workers who have a good enough credit score.
  4. D.It allows him to borrow money without paying interest for six months.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'credit card' → 听到男士说 'the credit card has a very good special offer, where I don't pay any interest for six months' → 同义替换 'don't pay any interest for six months' 为 'borrow money without paying interest for six months' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：男士对他刚办的信用卡说了什么？正确项：它允许他在六个月内借款无需支付利息。

11. What do we learn about one of the woman's colleagues?
  1. A.She borrowed money to pay her debt.
  2. B.She developed a habit of overspending.
  3. C.She enjoys buying a lot of fancy things.
  4. D.She regrets ignoring the woman's advice.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位女方提及同事事例 → 提取关键信息（first year of work, bad habit, accumulated debt） → 同义替换为overspending

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：关于女方的一位同事，我们了解到什么？正确项：她养成了过度消费的习惯。

听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Welcome to The Morning Show. Our guest today is a popular blog writer and a major figure in the tiny home community. Welcome, Bob Jones.

12. What does the tiny home movement mainly advocate?
  1. A.Blog writing and natural resources saving.
  2. B.Joint efforts to improve the local community.
  3. C.Audience participation in The Morning Show.
  4. D.Home ownership and environmental protection.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位男方首次解释运动主旨 → 提取核心目标（increasing home ownership, protecting the environment） → 匹配选项

考点：主旨概括同义替换

译文：题干：微型住宅运动主要倡导什么？正确项：住房所有权和环境保护。

13. What does the woman say about houses as small as 20 square meters?
  1. A.Not a realistic size for families.
  2. B.Not welcomed by most Americans.
  3. C.Only fit for families of four or less.
  4. D.Only suitable for renting to the poor.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位女方对20平方米住宅的评价 → 提取直接观点（not a realistic size for families） → 匹配选项

考点：细节定位原意匹配

译文：题干：女方对20平方米的小房子有什么看法？正确项：对家庭来说不现实。

14. What does the man think about the dream of owning a 150-square-meter house?
  1. A.It should be changed.
  2. B.It isn't easy to realize.
  3. C.It will come true sooner or later.
  4. D.It doesn't appeal to average families.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位男方对150平方米梦想的回应 → 捕捉转折词but及核心观点（dream needs to change） → 推断其态度

考点：转折信号捕捉观点推断

译文：题干：男方对拥有150平方米房子的梦想有什么看法？正确项：它应该被改变。

15. What does the man say about tiny homes?
  1. A.They help to lower housing prices.
  2. B.They help to save up for larger houses.
  3. C.They are a good choice for many people.
  4. D.They are vital to reducing waste worldwide. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位男方总结性评价 → 提取关键句（a good option for many） → 同义替换为a good choice

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：男方对微型住宅有什么看法？正确项：它们对许多人来说是一个好选择。

听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

Kids need time every day to run, jump, stretch and play. These experiences have been shown to build children's confidence and pleasure in physical activities, develop their motor skills, and even improve emotional well-being. To begin with, children seem to have a natural desire to overcome challenges and take risks. Taking healthy risks through physical movement builds children's confidence and ability to solve problems and persist through frustration. Secondly, movement activities build children's big body skills such as coordination and balance, as well as the fine motor skills they need for tasks like writing, tying their shoes, or throwing and catching a ball. Thirdly, according to the American Psychological Association, regular physical activity (and especially outdoor activity) reduces children's stress and depression, and improves their ability to focus and learn. Regular exercise can significantly improve self-regulation and decrease disciplinary consequences for negative behavior. Physical activity provides a positive outlet for frustration, anxiety, or anger and can become a healthy coping skill throughout life. Finally, we know that physical activity is important for our physical and mental health, and cultivating the habit of physical activity starts early. Children are more likely to develop a lifelong love of physical activity from frequent positive early experiences. Not every child enjoys competitive sports or playing with balls and that's OK. There are plenty of other options such as imaginative play, non-competitive games, and gardening or nature experiences.

16. What do children seem to have a natural desire to do?
  1. A.Play outdoors and enjoy themselves.
  2. B.Beat challenges and take risks.
  3. C.Take care of their well-being.
  4. D.Grow up strong and healthy.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'natural desire' → 听到 'children seem to have a natural desire to overcome challenges and take risks' → 识别 'overcome' 与 'beat' 为同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：孩子们似乎天生渴望做什么？正确项：战胜挑战并承担风险。

17. According to the American Psychological Association, what does regular physical activity do to children?
  1. A.Enable them to develop their motor skills.
  2. B.Help them to conceal their frustration.
  3. C.Reduce their stress and depression.
  4. D.Prevent them from feeling lonely.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'American Psychological Association' → 听到 'according to the American Psychological Association, regular physical activity... reduces children's stress and depression' → 匹配选项 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位信息匹配

译文：题干：根据美国心理学会，定期体育活动对孩子有什么作用？正确项：减轻他们的压力和抑郁。

18. What does the passage say about cultivating the habit of physical activity?
  1. A.It begins early.
  2. B.It proves demanding.
  3. C.It calls for lifelong efforts.
  4. D.It lies in nature experiences.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'cultivating the habit of physical activity' → 听到 'cultivating the habit of physical activity starts early' → 匹配选项 'It begins early' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位信息匹配

译文：题干：文章关于培养体育活动习惯说了什么？正确项：它开始得很早。

听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

A new study finds that job seekers are even willing to explore jobs with lower salaries when companies are more diverse. It finds that sharing information about diversity makes job postings more attractive to job seekers, even when pay is lower. To conduct the study, the team partnered with an online job listings platform which emails postings relevant to individuals and their job search criteria. For the course of the 11-week study, the platform emailed job listings to some 180,000 users placed in one of two conditions. In the baseline condition, participants saw emails in the normal format, with no information on diversity; in the diversity condition, participants saw a diversity score for each listing: information about the race, gender, education, and language skills of a company's workforce compared to others in the same sector and location. Information was then gathered on whether the email was opened, and which job listings were clicked on by each user. Participants in the diversity condition tended to click on job listings from companies with slightly higher diversity scores than those in the baseline condition: that is, participants seemed to be paying attention to information about diversity, and using this when deciding whether to click on the listing. And the team also found that participants were willing to look at listings with lower salaries if they came from companies with a higher diversity score. companies are more diverse.

19. When are job seekers willing to explore jobs with lower salaries, according to a new study?
  1. A.When companies share their information online.
  2. B.When their job search criteria are met fully.
  3. C.When companies embrace greater diversity
  4. D.When they find job postings visually attractive.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'willing to explore jobs with lower salaries' → 听到 'job seekers are even willing to explore jobs with lower salaries when companies are more diverse' → 识别 'more diverse' 与 'greater diversity' 为同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：根据一项新研究，求职者在什么时候愿意探索薪水较低的工作？正确项：当公司具有更大的多样性时。

20. What did participants see in the baseline condition of the study?
  1. A.Emails in the normal format.
  2. B.Major companies in one location.
  3. C.All companies in the same sector.
  4. D.Various aspects of a company's workforce.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'baseline condition' → 听到 'In the baseline condition, participants saw emails in the normal format, with no information on diversity' → 匹配选项 'Emails in the normal format' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位信息匹配

译文：题干：在研究的基线条件下，参与者看到了什么？正确项：正常格式的电子邮件。

21. What does the passage say participants seem to be paying attention to?
  1. A.Job security.
  2. B.Potential pay raises.
  3. C.Minimum base salary.
  4. D.Information about diversity.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'paying attention to' → 在录音中定位到 'participants seemed to be paying attention to information about diversity' → 同义替换为 'Information about diversity' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：文章说参与者似乎在关注什么？ 正确项：关于多样性的信息。

听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

A new study from Oregon State University found that dogs tend to match their behavior with the children in their family. The findings are important because there is a growing body of evidence that dogs can help children in many ways. These include helping with social development, increasing physical activity, managing anxiety or serving as a source of attachment in the face of changing family structures. Yet, very little research has focused on how dogs perceive and socially engage with children. "The great news is that this study suggests dogs are paying a lot of attention to the kids that they live with," said Monique Udell, the lead author of the study. "One interesting thing we have observed is that dogs are matching children's behavior, but less frequently than what we have seen between dogs and adults. This suggests that while dogs may view children as social companions, there are also some differences that we need to understand better." While research has found dogs can have a lot of positive impacts on a child's life, there are also risks associated with the dog-child relationship. For example, other studies have found dogs are more likely to bite children versus adults. "We still have a lot to learn about the dog-child relationship," Udell said. "But research does show that kids are very capable of training dogs." children in many ways.

22. What does the passage say about the findings of a new study from Oregon State University?
  1. A.Positive.
  2. B.Original.
  3. C.Important.
  4. D.Surprising.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'findings' → 在录音中定位到 'The findings are important because...' → 推断出研究发现的重要性 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位推理判断

译文：题干：文章对俄勒冈州立大学一项新研究的发现有何描述？ 正确项：重要的。

23. What does a growing body of evidence show according to the passage?
  1. A.Dogs match their behavior with kids as much as with adults.
  2. B.Kids and adults alike find in dogs a source of attachment.
  3. C.Kids' attitude to dogs is influenced by adults.
  4. D.Dogs can help kids in many ways.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'growing body of evidence' → 在录音中定位到 'there is a growing body of evidence that dogs can help children in many ways' → 直接对应选项 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位

译文：题干：根据文章，越来越多的证据表明了什么？ 正确项：狗可以在很多方面帮助孩子。

24. What did Monique Udell say their study suggests?
  1. A.Dogs pay much attention to the kids they live with.
  2. B.Dogs view both adults and kids as social companions.
  3. C.Kids differ from adults in their behavior towards dogs.
  4. D.Kids need to be aware of the risks in playing with dogs.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'Monique Udell' 和 'suggests' → 在录音中定位到 Udell 的直接引语 'this study suggests dogs are paying a lot of attention to the kids that they live with' → 同义替换为选项 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位指代衔接

译文：题干：Monique Udell 说他们的研究表明了什么？ 正确项：狗非常关注与它们生活在一起的孩子。

25. What does research show kids are very capable of doing?
  1. A.Understanding dogs.
  2. B.Training dogs.
  3. C.Taking care of dogs.
  4. D.Associating with dogs.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'kids are very capable of doing' → 在录音中定位到 'kids are very capable of training dogs' → 直接对应选项 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位

译文：题干：研究表明孩子非常擅长做什么？ 正确项：训练狗。

第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分

在词库中选择合适的词填入短文，每词限用一次。

Super realistic masks are made from flexible materials such as silicone and are designed to imitate real human face—down to every last detail. In a study by the Universities of York and Kyoto, researchers asked participants to look at pairs of photographs and decide which showed a [26] face and which showed a person wearing a mask. Surprisingly, participants made the wrong call in one-in-five cases. The 20% error rate [27] in the study likely underestimates the extent to which people would struggle to tell an [28] face from the real thing outside of the lab. The researchers collected data from participants from both the UK and Japan to [29] any differences according to race. When trial participants were asked to choose between photographs of faces of a different race from theirs, response times were slower and selections were 5% less [30] . There are now dozens of criminal cases in which offenders have [31] themselves off as people of a different age, race or gender, sending police investigations down the wrong path. In one recent case, an international gang used an [32] realistic mask to pose as a French minister, [33] business executives out of millions of pounds. Dr Jet Sanders, who worked on the study while a PhD student at the University of York, said: "Failure to detect synthetic faces may have important implications for security and crime prevention as super realistic masks may [34] the key characteristics of a person's appearance to be [35] identified."

A. accurateB. allowC. artificialD. cheatingE. desertedF. establishG. extremelyH. immediatelyI. incorrectlyJ. normalK. observedL. passedM. remindingN. reparableO. resolve

参考答案与解析

答案：26-J　27-K　28-C　29-F　30-A　31-L　32-G　33-D　34-B　35-I

解析：26 空 定位空格前后的对比结构 'which showed a ... face and which showed a person wearing a mask' → 根据语境，此处需要与 'mask'（面具）形成对比的词 → 选择表示 '真实的' 词汇
27 空 定位空格所在的名词短语 'The 20% error rate ... in the study' → 分析动词与 'error rate' 的搭配 → 选择表示 '被记录/被发现' 的被动语态动词
28 空 定位空格前后的对比结构 'tell an ... face from the real thing' → 根据语境，此处需要与 'real thing'（真实事物）形成对比的词 → 选择表示 '人造的/假的' 词汇
29 空 定位空格所在的动词不定式结构 'to ... any differences' → 分析动词与 'differences' 的搭配及语境 → 选择表示 '调查/研究' 的动词
30 空 定位空格所在的形容词比较级结构 '5% less ...' → 根据前文 'response times were slower' 推断此处应描述选择的准确性 → 选择表示 '准确的' 词汇
31 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（面具可能___关键特征）→ 结合下文“被识别”推断动词需表达“使...被...”的被动含义 → 从选项中筛选符合语境与语法的动词
32 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（一个国际团伙使用了一个___逼真的面具）→ 结合上文“超逼真面具”和下文“冒充法国部长”推断形容词需表达“极其逼真” → 从选项中筛选符合语境的形容词
33 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（冒充部长，___高管数百万英镑）→ 结合下文“out of millions of pounds”推断动词需表达“骗取” → 从选项中筛选符合“动词+out of”搭配的动词
34 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（面具可能___关键特征）→ 结合上文“模仿人脸”和下文“被识别”推断动词需表达“使...被...”的被动含义 → 从选项中筛选符合语境与语法的动词
35 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（特征被___识别）→ 结合上文“错误率”和“难以分辨”推断副词需表达“容易地” → 从选项中筛选符合语境的副词

考点：语境选词近义词辨析动词搭配

译文：题干：研究人员要求参与者观察成对的照片，并判断哪一张显示的是一张______的脸，哪一张显示的是一个戴着面具的人。正确项：真实的

第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分

判断每个陈述源于哪一段。

AMost people have a dream in life, a vision of who or what they'd like to be in the future. At a minimum, everyone has interests and values that determine what they want out of their lives. Even so, trying to set achievable goals that you'll work for over the course of many years can be extremely challenging. It can be hard to know where to even begin, and the things you hope to achieve may seem impossible. But, if you're well prepared you may be able to set goals for your life that are just as fulfilling to work toward as to achieve.
BWe all have goals that we want to achieve in our lives. These goals may include learning a new language, eating healthier and losing weight, becoming a better parent, saving more money, and so on. It can be easy to assume that the gap between where you are now and where you want to be in the future is caused by a lack of knowledge. This is why we buy courses on how to start a business or how to lose weight fast or how to learn a new language in three months. We assume that if we knew about a better strategy, then we would get better results. We believe that a new result requires new knowledge.
CWhat I'm starting to realize, however, is that new knowledge does not necessarily drive new results. In fact, learning something new can actually be a waste of time if your goal is to make progress and not simply gain additional knowledge.
DIt all comes down to the difference between learning and practicing. Thomas Sterner, in his book *The Practicing Mind*, explains the key difference between practicing and learning. He says: "When we practice something, we are involved in the deliberate repetition of a process with the intention of reaching a specific goal." Here the words "deliberate" and "intention" are key, because they define the difference between actively practicing something and passively learning it.
ELearning something new and practicing something new may seem very similar, but these two methods can have profoundly different results. Here are some additional ways to think about the difference. Let's say your goal is to get stronger and more fit. You can research the best instructions on weight lifting technique, but the only way to build strength is to practice lifting weights. Let's say your goal is to grow your startup. You can learn about the best way to make a sales pitch, but the only way to actually land customers is to practice making sales calls. Let's say your goal is to write a book. You can talk to a best-selling author about writing, but the only way to become a better writer is to practice publishing consistently.
FPassive learning creates knowledge. Active practice creates skill. Let's consider a couple more reasons to prioritize active practice over passive learning. First, passive learning can be a stick that supports inaction. In many cases, learning is actually a way to avoid taking action on the goals and interests that we say are important to us. For example, let's say you want to learn a foreign language. Reading a book on how to learn a foreign language quickly allows you to feel like you are making progress ("Hey, I'm figuring out the best way to do this!"). Of course, you're not actually practicing the action that would deliver your desired outcome (speaking the foreign language).
GIn situations like this one, we often claim that we are preparing or researching the best method, but these rationalizations allow us to feel like we are moving forward when we are merely spinning our wheels. We make the mistake of being in motion rather than taking action. Learning is valuable until it becomes a form of procrastination .
HAnother point to consider is that practice is learning, but learning is not practice. Passive learning is not a form of practice because although you gain new knowledge, you are not discovering how to apply that knowledge. Active practice, meanwhile, is one of the greatest forms of learning because the mistakes you make while practicing reveal important insights.
IEven more importantly, practice is the only way to make a meaningful contribution with your knowledge. You can watch an online course about how to build a business or read an article about a terrible disaster in a developing nation, but that knowledge is unproductive unless you actually launch your business or donate to those in need. Learning by itself can be valuable for you, but if you want to be valuable to others, then you have to express your knowledge in some way.
JThe last important point to consider is that practice focuses your energy on the process. Thomas Sterner once said, "Progress is a natural result of staying focused on the process of doing anything." The state of your life right now is a result of the habits and beliefs that you have been practicing each day. When you realize this and begin to direct your focus toward practicing better habits day-in and day-out, continual progress will be the logical outcome. It is not the things we learn nor the dreams we visualize that determine our results, but rather the habits that we practice each day. Fall in love with boredom and focus your energy on the process, not the product.
KWhat does this all mean? Is passive learning useless? Of course not. In many cases, learning for the sake of learning can be a beautiful thing. Not to mention that soaking up new information can help you make more informed decisions when you do decide to take action. That said, the main point of this article is that learning by itself does not lead to progress. We often hide behind information and use learning as an excuse to delay the more difficult and more important choice of actually doing something. Spend less time passively learning and more time actively practicing. Stop thinking and start doing.
1. Acquisition of new knowledge may not guarantee the progress that you aim to make. （C）
2. Your current situation in life is built on the beliefs and habits you have been practicing daily. （J）
3. Knowing the best way to learn a foreign language will not enable you to speak it without actual practice. （F）
4. People may find it demanding to create a goal which will take a long time to achieve. （A）
5. Learning and practicing seem to be very much alike, but the two processes can lead to quite different outcomes. （E）
6. Absorbing new information is helpful in making better decisions prior to action. （K）
7. Sometimes we may feel like we are making progress by doing some research or making preparations, but actually we are staying at the starting point. （G）
8. We are inclined to think that a lack of knowledge prevents us from advancing to a better future. （B）
9. Learning can benefit you by itself, but only practice can turn what you learn into meaningful contributions. （I）
10. Practice involves repeating a process intentionally to attain a particular objective. （D）
参考答案与解析

答案：1-C　2-J　3-F　4-A　5-E　6-K　7-G　8-B　9-I　10-D

解析：36. 定位题干核心观点（新知识不保证进步） → 在语篇中寻找同义表述（新知识不一定带来新结果） → 匹配段落C
37. 定位题干核心观点（当前状况建立在日常实践的信念和习惯上） → 在语篇中寻找同义表述（当前状况源于日常实践） → 匹配段落J
38. 定位题干核心观点（知道最佳学习方法不等于能不练习就说外语） → 在语篇中寻找同义表述（学习新知识不等于取得新结果） → 匹配段落F
39. 定位题干核心观点（设定长期目标可能很困难） → 在语篇中寻找同义表述（设定多年目标极具挑战性） → 匹配段落A
40. 定位题干核心观点（学习和实践看似相似但结果不同） → 在语篇中寻找同义表述（学习和实践的关键区别） → 匹配段落E
41. 定位题干关键词 'absorbing new information' → 在段落C中找到 'learning something new' 作为同义替换 → 段落C明确指出新知识不一定带来新结果，与题干 'helpful in making better decisions' 的正面评价相悖 → 排除C，定位到段落K（未提供，但根据答案推断为强调实践的段落）
42. 定位题干核心矛盾 'feel like making progress... but actually staying at the starting point' → 在段落C中找到 'learning something new can actually be a waste of time' 作为同义替换 → 段落C指出学习新知识可能只是获取知识而非取得进步，与题干描述的'感觉进步但实际原地踏步'相符 → 定位到段落G（未提供，但根据答案推断为描述这种错觉的段落）
43. 定位题干关键词 'lack of knowledge prevents us from advancing' → 在段落B中找到 'the gap... is caused by a lack of knowledge' 作为直接对应 → 段落B明确描述了这种普遍看法 → 直接匹配段落B
44. 定位题干对比关系 'Learning can benefit... but only practice can turn... into meaningful contributions' → 在段落C和D中寻找对比 → 段落C指出学习可能无益，段落D引入练习的概念 → 推断出作者认为练习比学习更能带来实际贡献 → 定位到段落I（未提供，但根据答案推断为强调练习价值的段落）
45. 定位题干关键词 'Practice involves repeating a process intentionally to attain a particular objective' → 在段落D中找到 'deliberate repetition of a process with the intention of reaching a specific goal' 作为直接对应 → 段落D引用了Thomas Sterner对'练习'的定义 → 直接匹配段落D

考点：细节定位同义替换逻辑判断推理判断对比关系直接引用

译文：题干：获取新知识未必能保证你取得预期的进步。正确项C：我开始意识到，新知识不一定能带来新结果。

第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分

Research in human-vehicle interaction has shown even systems designed to automate driving are far from being error-proof. Recent evidence points to drivers' limited understanding of what these systems can and cannot do as a contributing factor to system misuse. A recent study tackles the issue of over-trusting drivers and the resulting system misuse from a legal viewpoint. It looks at what the manufacturers of self-driving cars should legally do to ensure that drivers understand how to use the vehicles appropriately. One solution suggested in the study involves requiring buyers to sign end-user license agreements (EULAs), similar to the terms and conditions that require agreement when using new software products. But this is far from ideal. The agreement may not provide enough information to the driver, leading to confusion about the nature of the requests for agreement and their implications. Further, most end users don't read EULAs. A 2017 study shows 91 percent of people agree to them without reading. Among young people, 97 percent agree without reviewing the terms. The issue is that, unlike using a smartphone app, operating a car has serious safety risks, whether the driver is human or software. And human drivers need to consent to take responsibility for the outcomes of the software and hardware. "Warning fatigue" and distracted driving are also causes for concern. For example, a driver, annoyed after receiving continuous warnings, could decide to just ignore the message. Or, if the message is presented while the vehicle is in motion, it could represent a distraction. Given these limitations and concerns, even if this mode of obtaining consent is to move forward, it likely won't fully protect automakers from their legal liability should the system malfunction or an accident occur. Driver training for self-driving vehicles can help ensure that drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations. This needs to occur beyond the vehicle purchase. Recent evidence shows even relying on the information provided by the seller is not going to answer many questions. All of this considered, the road forward for self-driving cars is not going to be a smooth ride after all.

46. What do we learn from research in human-vehicle interaction?
  1. A.Automatic driving systems are by no means immune to errors.
  2. B.Driverless vehicles are likely to be misused by some people.
  3. C.Self-driving car manufacturers are not aware of the legal matters involved.
  4. D.There is a long way to go before humans can interact with driverless vehicles.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位首句 → 同义替换 'far from being error-proof' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：从人车交互的研究中我们了解到什么？正确项：自动驾驶系统绝非不会出错。

47. What is the problem with requiring buyers to sign end-user license agreements?
  1. A.End users, young and old alike, find the terms complex to interpret.
  2. B.Most end users sign them without bothering to read the terms.
  3. C.Many people are often confused by the wording of the terms.
  4. D.Most end users do not understand the terms after reading them through.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位 'most end users don't read EULAs' → 同义替换 'sign them without bothering to read' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：要求买家签署最终用户许可协议的问题是什么？正确项：大多数终端用户不费心阅读条款就签署了。

48. What would drivers do when they suffer from "warning fatigue"?
  1. A.Waste no time keeping the car moving.
  2. B.Rest a while to avoid fatigue driving.
  3. C.Take no action despite repeated warnings.
  4. D.Take note of the message though fatigued.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位 'warning fatigue' → 同义替换 'ignore the message' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：当驾驶员遭受'警告疲劳'时会怎么做？正确项：尽管反复警告仍不采取行动。

49. What does the author think of continuing to ask buyers to sign end-user license agreements?
  1. A.It will probably not guarantee the safety of drivers in case of accidents.
  2. B.It likely won't ensure that the automatic driving system functions properly.
  3. C.It likely won't fully protect automakers against accusations of deliberate cheating.
  4. D.It will probably not provide manufacturers adequate protection from legal responsibilities.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位 'won't fully protect automakers from their legal liability' → 同义替换 'not provide manufacturers adequate protection' → 得出答案

考点：观点态度同义改写

译文：题干：作者对继续要求买家签署最终用户许可协议有何看法？正确项：可能无法为制造商提供充分的保护。

50. What should be done to help drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations?
  1. A.Training them to be experts in vehicle automation.
  2. B.Familiarizing them with the systems through training.
  3. C.Broadening their knowledge of accident-prevention mechanisms.
  4. D.Facilitating their access to the information provided by the seller.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位 'Driver training... can help ensure' → 同义替换 'Familiarizing them with the systems through training' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：应该做什么来帮助驾驶员充分理解系统能力和限制？正确项：通过培训使他们熟悉系统。

Do you ever blend up a protein drink for breakfast, or grab a protein bar following an afternoon workout? If so, you are likely among the millions of people in search of more protein-rich diets. Protein-enriched products are found everywhere. But contrary to all the publicity that everyone needs more protein, most Americans get twice as much as they need. Many of us living in the most developed countries are buying into a myth of protein deficiency created by food companies and self-identified health experts. Global retail sales of protein supplement products reached an astonishing US$18.9 billion in 2020. But are we really in need of more protein? Physicians in the U.S. have never actually examined a patient with protein deficiency because simply by eating an adequate number of daily calories we are also most likely getting enough protein. In fact, Americans currently consume almost twice the National Academy of Medicine's recommended daily intake of protein although the most desirable protein intake may vary depending on age and activity level. For example, if you're a dedicated athlete you might need to consume higher quantities of protein. Generally, though, a 140-pound person should not exceed 120 grams of protein per day, particularly because a high protein diet can strain kidney and liver function and increase risks of developing heart disease and cancer. While fats and sugar have taken the beating in turns since over a century ago, protein has managed to remain our red-hot favorite. In the 1970s through the 1990s, protein products remained visible but moved back somewhat with the dietary spotlight firmly fixed on low-calorie, low-fat, sugar-free snack foods and beverages following the publication of studies linking sugar and saturated fat consumption to heart disease. Later research in 2003, however, suggested high-protein diets could aid in weight loss, and protein quickly regained its former nutrient-superstar status. Now most people living in high-income nations are consuming enough protein. When we replace meals with a protein bar or drink, we also risk missing out on the rich sources of antioxidants( ), vitamins and many other benefits of real food.

51. What do we learn about publicity over protein in America?
  1. A.It has helped to create the myth of protein deficiency.
  2. B.It has helped Americans in search of protein-rich diets.
  3. C.It has raised a lot of health concerns among the public.
  4. D.It has been funded by food companies and health experts.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 publicity → 识别其与 myth of protein deficiency 的因果关系 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位因果推理

译文：题干：关于美国对蛋白质的宣传，我们了解到什么？正确项：它帮助制造了蛋白质缺乏的迷思。

52. Why have physicians in the U.S. never actually examined a patient with protein deficiency?
  1. A.Americans can purchase many kinds of protein-rich foods everywhere.
  2. B.Americans can absorb the number of calories recommended by food experts.
  3. C.Americans can get sufficient protein just by eating adequate foods daily.
  4. D.Americans can rely on food supplements to prevent protein deficiency.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键词 physicians...never actually examined → 识别 because 后的原因解释 → 同义替换得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：为什么美国的医生从未真正检查过蛋白质缺乏的患者？正确项：美国人仅通过摄入足够的卡路里就能获得足够的蛋白质。

53. What should people take into consideration in deciding on the most preferable protein intake?
  1. A.How healthy they are and what food they eat.
  2. B.How old they are and what activities they do.
  3. C.How much protein they consume and what their body weight is.
  4. D.How serious their protein deficiency is and what remedies they use.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位关键词 most desirable protein intake → 识别 depending on 后的决定因素 → 同义替换得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：人们在决定最适宜的蛋白质摄入量时应考虑什么？正确项：他们的年龄和活动水平。

54. What foods have been largely out of favor for more than a century?
  1. A.Sugar-free snacks.
  2. B.Protein-rich foods.
  3. C.Both red and white meats.
  4. D.Sugary and fatty foods.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位关键词 out of favor → 识别“taken the beating”的比喻义 → 推理出“fats and sugar”对应选项

考点：细节定位比喻推理

译文：题干：哪些食物在一个多世纪以来一直不受欢迎？正确项：含糖和高脂肪的食物。

55. What does the author imply people in developed countries should do to keep healthy?
  1. A.Enjoy natural food.
  2. B.Eat vegetarian diets.
  3. C.Consume enough protein daily.
  4. D.Replace meals with protein bars.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：综合全文主旨（蛋白质摄入已足够，补充剂有风险）→ 推断作者隐含建议 → 得出答案

考点：主旨推断隐含建议

译文：题干：作者暗示发达国家的人们应该做什么来保持健康？正确项：享用天然食物。

第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分

Directions: Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from the students for its coming edition on how the students can contribute to a green campus. You are now to write an essay for submission. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

词数要求：120–180 词 · 107 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

A green campus is no longer a slogan but a shared responsibility, and students play a key role in making it real. As members of the campus, we can turn small daily habits into real changes. There are several practical things we can do. First, we should sort our rubbish and recycle paper, bottles and cans, which cuts waste and saves resources. Second, saving water and switching off lights and computers when they are not in use can greatly reduce the energy our campus consumes. Moreover, choosing to walk, cycle or share bikes for short trips lowers carbon emissions, and passing used textbooks on to younger students gives them a second life instead of being thrown away. In short, a green campus grows out of these everyday actions rather than empty talk. If every student takes one small step, our campus will surely become cleaner, greener and more livable for us all.

第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分

敦煌莫高窟 (Mogao Grottoes) 数字展示中心于2014年开放启用, 是莫高窟保护利用工程的重要组成部分。展示中心采用数字技术和多媒体展示手段, 使游客进入洞窟参观之前就能了解莫高窟的历史文化, 鉴赏莫高窟的艺术经典。这将减少开放洞窟的数量, 缩短游客在洞窟内的逗留时间, 减轻参观对莫高窟造成的影响, 以使这一世界文化遗产得到妥善保护、长久利用。

107 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

The Mogao Grottoes Digital Exhibition Center, which opened in 2014, is an important part of the project for the protection and utilization of the Mogao Grottoes. The center adopts digital technology and multimedia means, enabling visitors to learn about the history and culture of the Mogao Grottoes and appreciate its artistic classics before they enter the caves. This will reduce the number of open caves, shorten the time visitors stay inside, and lessen the impact of visits on the Mogao Grottoes, so that this World Cultural Heritage site can be properly protected and used over the long term.

常见问题

2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）的答案和解析在哪看？

答案与解析就在本页：每道题下方「参考答案与解析」展开即看，含参考答案、解题思路与考点，免登录直接阅读。

四级听力原文哪里有？

本页听力部分已附完整听力原文：题面可直接查看，每段听力原文处有「播放本段听力」按钮可反复收听（浏览器语音合成，语速按该学阶考试标准设定）。

2024年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） PDF 怎么免费下载？

本页「试卷封面」卡片「收录格式」行内的 PDF 徽标即下载链接，点击直接下载本卷 PDF 文件，无需登录。

这套卷怎么在线做题、怎么计分？

点页面上方「开始考试（网页）」进入在线做题页：登录后装载本卷作答，交卷自动判分并留存成绩；免费账号每日可装载 30 套，会员每日 100 套。