2025年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套)及答案解析
2025年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套) · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2025 年 · 12月·第1套
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 听力
- 含听力
- 题量
- 39 题
- 满分
- 710 分
- 限时
- 125 分钟
- 题型结构
- 听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
- 收录格式

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第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分
听力原文 · Questions 1 to 2(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
A terrified cat has survived a five-mile round trip under the engine cover of a car on a school run. The black cat was found curled up under the engine cover of David King's car when he decided to do an oil check after dropping his grandson off at school in Kent. Mr King's wife said her husband had come "running in" and was "shouting for me to come have a look". "We weren't even sure it was alive, so I gently pushed it with a stick to check it was breathing and saw it was a terrified little cat. It reversed even further into the engine and was stuck. I tried to reach it, but it was too far down and there wasn't any way I could get it out." Following a rescue by UK charity Cats Protection, the four-year-old cat was later reunited with its owner, Mr King's neighbour. decided to do an oil check after dropping his grandson off at school in Kent.
- A.Outside the office of a charity foundation.
- B.Inside the car of David King's neighbour.
- C.Under the engine cover of a man's car.
- D.At the gate of a grade school in Kent.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位题干关键词 'found' → 听到 'found curled up under the engine cover of David King's car' → 同义替换为 'a man's car' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:这只黑猫是在哪里被发现的?正确项:在一位男士的汽车引擎盖下。
- A.It got reunited with its owner.
- B.It was injured during the rescue.
- C.It became a pet of Mr King's grandson.
- D.It was placed in the care of a UK charity.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位题干关键词 'at the end' → 听到最后一句 'the four-year-old cat was later reunited with its owner' → 同义替换为 'got reunited with its owner' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:新闻报道结尾告诉我们关于这只猫的什么信息?正确项:它与主人团聚了。
听力原文 · Questions 3 to 4(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
In less than a month, the Special Olympics Spring Games will make a return to Fayetteville. The Games are coming back for the first time in five years. The event will take place at Methodist University.
- A.The 100th anniversary celebration of Methodist University.
- B.The first important political event in the next five years.
- C.The opening of the Special Olympics Spring Games.
- D.The reunion of this year's Olympic gold medalists.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位题干关键词 'Fayetteville' 和 'witness' → 听到 'the Special Olympics Spring Games will make a return to Fayetteville' → 同义替换为 'The opening of the Special Olympics Spring Games' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:费耶特维尔在不到一个月的时间里将见证什么?正确项:特殊奥林匹克春季运动会的开幕。
- A.Volunteers visit the Games' website to sign up.
- B.Athletes with special needs triumph in the Games.
- C.Organizers devote their time and energy to the Games.
- D.Children play in a fun tent and enjoy themselves fully.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位题干关键词 'Benjamin Kowalczyk' 和 'rewarding' → 听到 'Kowalczyk said it's rewarding to see athletes with special needs triumph in the Games' → 直接匹配选项 B → 得出答案
考点:细节定位直接匹配
译文:题干:本杰明·科瓦尔奇克说看到什么是有回报的?正确项:有特殊需求的运动员在比赛中获胜。
听力原文 · Questions 5 to 7(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
A German supermarket has been ordered to destroy its chocolate rabbits after it lost a court battle with a Swiss chocolate manufacturer. The Swiss firm had argued its gold-wrapped chocolate rabbit deserved copyright protection from a similar product sold by the budget supermarket. Switzerland's highest court agreed and overturned a ruling last year by the country's commercial court that had sided with the supermarket. It ordered that all the imitation rabbits be destroyed, but suggested the chocolate needn't be wasted. It could be melted for use in other products. It said even though there are some differences between the two products, there was still the possibility of confusion for consumers. The Swiss manufacturer's rabbit has a red bow and bell, while the German supermarket's has a green bow and bell. The colour of the wrapper is similar, as are the illustrations of the features. The chocolate company has been to court before to protect its popular chocolate treat. Last year, a German federal court said the shade of the gold wrapping was also protected. battle with a Swiss chocolate manufacturer.
- A.Destroy its imitation chocolate rabbits.
- B.Change the wrapping of its commodities.
- C.Compensate for the Swiss manufacturer's loss.
- D.Defend itself in the country's commercial court.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位题干关键词 'ordered to do' → 听到 'ordered to destroy its chocolate rabbits' → 同义替换为 'Destroy its imitation chocolate rabbits' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:这家德国超市被命令做什么?正确项:销毁其仿制的巧克力兔子。
- A.It could be rewrapped and sold by the budget supermarket.
- B.It could be reshaped into animals other than rabbits.
- C.It could be resold cheaper to avoid waste.
- D.It could be reused in other products.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位最高法院建议 → 听取‘melted for use in other products’ → 同义替换为‘reused in other products’
考点:细节定位同义改写
译文:题干:瑞士最高法院对涉案巧克力提出了什么建议?正确项:它可以被重新用于其他产品。
- A.To be fair to the German supermarkets.
- B.To protect chocolate retailers' interests.
- C.To boost the growth of the chocolate industry.
- D.To prevent consumers' possible confusion. four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位最高法院推翻下级法院判决的原因 → 听取‘possibility of confusion for consumers’ → 同义替换为‘prevent consumers' possible confusion’
考点:推理判断细节定位
译文:题干:瑞士最高法院为何推翻了商业法院的裁决?正确项:为了防止消费者可能产生的混淆。
听力原文 · Questions 8 to 11(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
M: Can you please hand me that book over there? It has instructions for making a winter bean salad. My sister's boyfriend is coming over for dinner. He's vegetarian, so I need to make a lot of vegetable dishes. W: He only eats vegetables, no meat? That doesn't sound like a very balanced diet. How can he get enough protein? What does he do to strengthen his muscles and all that? M: Apparently that's no problem. He's explained this to me when we first met. He eats a variety of different vegetables and nuts, especially those with high amounts of protein. W: It sounds a bit difficult, but he's done his research I suppose. What's his reasoning for being vegetarian? Is it his religion, health condition, or lifestyle? M: He's an animal activist. He's always been very sensitive and sympathizes with animals. He's even written to his state senator about the torture of dolphins in sea parks. He says that keeping animals in zoos and parks causes them great distress. W: That's a little gloomy, but I can understand that to a point. Not all zoos and animal parks have the most favorable conditions, but without them it just wouldn't be feasible to learn about animals and their environments. Besides, I don't think I could ever give up a good hot dog at a baseball game. M: Honestly, I agree, but just don't let him hear you say that. He's the spokesperson for his local animal rights group. book over there?
- A.Return the handbook to him.
- B.Make a vegetable dish.
- C.Pass a book to him.
- D.Meet his sister's boyfriend.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位对话开头男士的请求 → 听取‘hand me that book’ → 同义替换为‘pass a book to him’
考点:细节定位同义改写
译文:题干:男士请求女士做什么?正确项:把一本书递给他。
- A.It doesn't seem to be a balanced diet.
- B.It would reduce one's protein intake.
- C.It would do harm to one's muscles.
- D.It doesn't sound practical for her.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位女士对‘只吃蔬菜’的评价 → 听取‘That doesn't sound like a very balanced diet’ → 同义替换为‘It doesn't seem to be a balanced diet’
考点:细节定位观点态度
译文:题干:女士对只吃蔬菜有什么看法?正确项:这似乎不是一种均衡的饮食。
- A.To improve his health.
- B.To protect animal rights.
- C.To follow a trendy lifestyle.
- D.To stick to his religious belief.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位男士解释男友素食原因 → 听取‘He's an animal activist...sympathizes with animals’ → 同义替换为‘To protect animal rights’
考点:细节定位同义改写
译文:题干:男士姐姐的男友为何选择成为素食主义者?正确项:为了保护动物权利。
- A.The torture and distress dolphins suffer in parks.
- B.The necessity of having zoos and eating meat.
- C.The gloomy environments animals are kept in.
- D.The urgency of joining an animal rights group.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位对话结尾男士表态 → 识别其赞同女士关于动物园必要性的观点 → 排除仅提及男士观点的选项
考点:观点态度细节定位
译文:题干:在对话结尾,男士在哪一点上同意女士的观点?正确项:动物园的必要性和吃肉的必要性。
听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
W: Did you see that television program on air travel last night? M: Yes. The part about overcoming jetlag was interesting. I was surprised that the expert recommended not eating for the entire journey and avoiding sleeping on the plane. W: I was too, as I read an article on the subject in the past that suggested the opposite. It claimed that it was important not to miss meals and that taking a nap on the plane was the best way to adjust to a new time zone. M: Well, the expert on the show did cite research supporting her recommendations, so I guess I'll give it a try next time I fly a long distance. Jetlag is a big problem for me and has been for the last few years, even though I never suffered from it before. W: Well, she did say that jetlag often becomes more of a problem after 40, so I guess I'm lucky that I can still adjust to different time zones well. My problem is I'm afraid to fly. M: Oh, I didn't know that. Actually, my mother is terrified of airplanes to the point where she can't even fly, so our family vacations were always by car or train. W: I'm not as bad as that. I just get anxious before I fly and feel nervous the whole time we're in the air, which is why I was hoping the television program would cover that topic more than it did. M: Yeah. That segment was too brief, especially as so many people have that problem. She said 20% of people are afraid to fly. W: Actually, it was a quarter of people, so the problem really is widespread and deserves attention. about overcoming jetlag was interesting.
- A.The part about getting over jetlag.
- B.The part about air travel in the past.
- C.The part about not eating on board the plane.
- D.The part about avoiding sleeping on the plane.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位男士直接回答 → 识别'overcoming jetlag'与选项'getting over jetlag'的同义替换 → 排除仅提及节目话题或具体建议的选项
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:男士说电视节目的哪个部分有趣?正确项:关于克服时差的部分。
- A.Take a nap to adjust to a new time zone.
- B.Have meals as usual to stay away from hunger.
- C.Concentrate on reading articles recommended by experts.
- D.Try following the advice given by the expert on the show.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位男士关于下次飞行的打算 → 识别'give it a try'与'follow the advice'的同义替换 → 排除与原文建议相悖或无关的选项
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:男士说下次长途飞行会做什么?正确项:尝试遵循节目中专家的建议。
- A.She does not have any problem flying.
- B.She can spend a lot of time vacationing.
- C.She does not have to worry about jetlag.
- D.She has been well treated when traveling.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位女士陈述'我幸运'的句子 → 提取原因'仍能很好地适应不同时区' → 同义替换为'不必担心时差'
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:女士为什么认为自己幸运?正确项:她不必担心时差。
- A.It has caused heavy losses to many airlines.
- B.It impacts female travelers more seriously.
- C.It has long been ignored by many experts.
- D.It affects twenty-five percent of people. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位女士最后关于问题值得重视的陈述 → 提取原因'影响四分之一的人' → 同义替换为'影响25%的人'
考点:细节定位数字转换
译文:题干:女士为什么认为害怕飞行的问题值得重视?正确项:它影响25%的人。
听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
The most common question I'm asked always centers around how to get started in user experience design, to which my response is always that nothing can substitute real-world experience. Building the skills required of a user experience designer takes time, patience, and commitment. Higher education is a great way to equip yourself with some core skills, but it will not prepare you for actual challenges you'll face with clients' work. In other words, being proficient with a design tool and a few methods doesn't make you a user experience designer. There simply isn't a one-size-fits-all process. Being effective requires adaptability — something you don't really learn in school, much less in a 6- month training camp. It's gained through experience on the job and learning what's appropriate given the needs of the project. I found my way to user experience through graphic design and slowly over many different roles and experiences. That led me to become a user experience designer. It took time and commitment to continue to pursue roles within teams that I knew could teach and challenge me. That's not to say that I think my path is the only one. But once again, nothing can substitute real-world experience. You can start anywhere as long as you know your end goal and you commit to actively pursuing opportunities to learn and grow along the way. experience design, to which my response is always that nothing can substitute real- world experience.
- A.Learning from skilled designers.
- B.Obtaining real-world experience.
- C.Joining a 6-month training camp.
- D.Anticipating actual challenges.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位题干关键词 'best way to get started' → 听到 'nothing can substitute real-world experience' → 同义替换得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:演讲者认为入门用户体验设计的最佳方式是什么?正确项:获得真实世界的经验。
- A.Core skills.
- B.Higher education.
- C.Adaptability.
- D.Capability.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位题干关键词 'being effective requires' → 直接听到 'Being effective requires adaptability' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位直接对应
译文:题干:演讲者说有效工作需要什么?正确项:适应能力。
- A.Start anywhere.
- B.Face challenges.
- C.Pursue roles in teams.
- D.Follow their own path.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位题干条件 'know their end goal and strive for it' → 听到 'You can start anywhere as long as you know your end goal and you commit to actively pursuing opportunities' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位条件对应
译文:题干:只要人们知道自己的最终目标并为之努力,他们能做什么?正确项:从任何地方开始。
听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
When planning for this year, our principal asked what needed to change to engage students more in their learning. I responded in a whisper "flexible seating", thinking about our then-current classroom. It had rows of desks with blue chairs and nameplates reminding each student where they should be sitting. This began a journey to transform our practice and challenge the ways of learning for a group of Year 6 students used to sitting in desks and rows for years. Flexible seating has been defined as movable furniture to create an engaging learning environment. It is a shift in practice from being teacher-focused to student-focused learning. For us, flexible seating has meant removing most of the traditional chairs and desks and introducing a variety of different seating options to promote student engagement. The use of rows and their minimal adaptations to "U" shape were traditionally intended to maximize on-task behavior and reduce distraction from the teacher. Teachers tend to still use this format because of either the need to control students or the belief that the teacher is the most important person in the room. Now our students have a range of different seating options, including a floor desk, couches, stools, bean bags, and the traditional desk-and-chair. From our experience so far, flexible seating enhances student ownership of space and engagement in learning, while reducing rates of student disengagement and disciplinary actions. It is a win for all concerned. more in their learning.
- A.To respond actively to students' requests.
- B.To engage students more in their learning.
- C.To enable teachers to interact more with their students.
- D.To allow students more freedom in their academic work.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位题干 'principal ask what needed to change' → 听到 'to engage students more in their learning' → 直接对应得出答案
考点:细节定位目的对应
译文:题干:校长为什么问需要改变什么?正确项:为了让学生更多地参与学习。
- A.Using new furniture to create a comfortable environment.
- B.Shifting from traditional teaching to task-based learning.
- C.Adopting a variety of different seating options.
- D.Rearranging most traditional chairs and desks.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位题干 'flexible seating has meant' → 听到 'removing most of the traditional chairs and desks and introducing a variety of different seating options' → 同义替换得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:在演讲者的学校,灵活座位意味着什么?正确项:采用多种不同的座位选择。
- A.A win for all people involved.
- B.A strengthened effect of its discipline.
- C.A harmonious relationship among its students.
- D.A change to teachers' opinion of their students.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位原文末段总结句 → 提取 'a win for all concerned' → 同义替换为 'all people involved' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:灵活座位给说话者所在的学校带来了什么? 正确项A:对所有相关人员来说都是一场胜利。
听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)
Dozens of British students arriving for their first day of school on Tuesday were sent home over their shoes. About 30 students were turned away from Taverham High School in Norfolk, England. Headteacher, Dr Roger Harris, confirmed that this was due to a change in the school's uniform policy. Harris, who became headteacher this year, said he notified parents of the updated rules in an email in June. The price of school uniforms can spark panic among families struggling with the high cost of living. Nearly all British schools have uniforms. They cost parents an average of £337 per year for each secondary school child. According to the new rules, students of Taverham are required to wear smart black shoes appropriate for the workplace, Harris held that strengthened rules around school uniforms improved student outcomes and behavior. But for some parents, the school's restrictions are an unnecessary burden. As annual inflation climbs over 10%, many households are on tight budgets. Private rental prices in Britain rose 3.2% over the 12 months to July 2022, the largest jump since 2016. Soaring energy bills have made things worse. Lucinda May, mum of a Taverham student, said that she had to ask her parents for £65 to buy her child the correct pair of shoes. May said that the school's uniform policy showed the lack of regard for parents dealing with the high cost of living.
- A.They weren't informed of the school's updated rules.
- B.They arrived late for their first day of school.
- C.They answered their headteacher's email in an impolite way.
- D.They didn't wear the shoes required by the school's new policy.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位首段 'sent home over their shoes' → 结合第三段 'required to wear smart black shoes' → 推理出未穿规定鞋子 → 得出答案
考点:细节定位因果推理
译文:题干:为什么几十名英国学生在周二被送回家? 正确项D:他们没有穿学校新规定要求的鞋子。
- A.Riots.
- B.Anger.
- C.Disputes.
- D.Panic.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位第二段 'spark panic among families' → 直接匹配选项 → 得出答案
考点:细节定位原词复现
译文:题干:校服价格会在经济困难的家庭中引发什么? 正确项D:恐慌。
- A.They strengthened the school's discipline and order.
- B.They improved student behavior and performance.
- C.They enhanced the positive image of the school.
- D.They rendered the school unique in the district.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位第三段 'Harris held that strengthened rules...improved student outcomes and behavior' → 提取校长观点 → 同义替换为 'improved student behavior and performance' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换观点态度
译文:题干:校长对学校新校规有什么看法? 正确项B:它们改善了学生的行为和表现。
- A.Turn to her parents for help.
- B.Tighten her monthly budget.
- C.Borrow £65 from her friend.
- D.Postpone paying her other bills.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位末段 'she had to ask her parents for £65' → 同义替换为 'turn to her parents for help' → 得出答案
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:Lucinda May不得不做什么来给孩子买正确的鞋子? 正确项A:向她的父母求助。
第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分
A. approximatelyB. caseC. chanceD. confusedE. crucialF. depositedG. enterH. investI. matterJ. presentedK. rangeL. regularM. seizeN. selectionO. ultimately
参考答案与解析
答案:26-C 27-N 28-D 29-H 30-J 31-E 32-I 33-O 34-G 35-K
解析:26 空 定位空格前动词maximize → 分析宾语语境(最大化做出最佳决定的什么) → 识别固定搭配chance of → 选择C (chance)
27 空 定位空格前动词making → 分析宾语语境(从所有这些选择中做出什么) → 识别固定搭配make a choice → 选择N (choice)
28 空 定位空格前系动词become → 分析表语语境(人们变得怎样并避免决定) → 结合后文“avoid making a decision”推断负面状态 → 选择D (overwhelmed)
29 空 定位空格前主语they → 分析谓语语境(在决策中投入更多什么) → 结合后文“but feel less confident”形成对比 → 选择H (invest)
30 空 定位空格前系动词are → 分析表语语境(当我们被怎样更多选择时) → 识别固定搭配be faced with → 选择J (faced)
31 空 定位空格前动词make → 结合宾语a {{27}} from all of these choices → 识别固定搭配make a choice → 选择名词choice
32 空 定位空格前动词will not {{32}} → 结合宾语much in the future → 识别语境为“午餐选择对未来影响不大” → 选择动词matter
33 空 定位空格前情态动词can → 结合动词be changed → 识别语境为“重要选择也可以被改变” → 选择副词still
34 空 定位空格前动词help to {{34}} → 结合宾语these situations → 识别固定搭配help to approach/deal with → 选择动词approach
35 空 定位空格前介词from → 结合定冠词the和名词options → 识别语境为“从选项集���中获得想要的东西” → 选择名词range
考点:maximize one's chance of语境选词make a choice系表结构语境推断invest in近义词辨析be faced withmake a choice 搭配熟词僻义固定搭配
译文:人们倾向于拥有尽可能多的选择。他们相信这将最大化他们做出最佳决定的机会。
第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分
参考答案与解析
答案:1-E 2-K 3-C 4-O 5-G 6-D 7-L 8-J 9-A 10-H
解析:36. 定位段落E → 识别其为全文总结段落,概括了故事揭示的城市挑战与数据趋势 → 得出答案
37. 定位段落D → 分析商家“不相信”数据并坚持己见的行为 → 推断其阻力源于固有观念(文化因素)而非纯粹经济考量 → 得出答案
38. 定位段落C → 提取“sales rise by 12 percent”和“new businesses open”两个并列细节 → 与题干“not only...but also...”结构匹配 → 得出答案
39. 分析全文逻辑链 → 商家因“无路可走”(停车位被移除)而反对 → 但最终数据显示商业反而增长 → 推断出“危机/无路可走时更可能拥抱变化”这一普遍规律 → 得出答案
40. 定位段落C → 提取销售额增长和新企业开业的数据 → 结合段落E中“data showing... boosts the eco…”的概括 → 推断出调查(数据)显示未产生负面影响 → 得出答案
41. 定位段落[D] → 识别转折词'The thing is'及后续描述 → 匹配题干'insisted the bike lanes were destroying their area'的同义改写
42. 综合全文 → 提炼核心矛盾(数据vs.信念) → 推断段落[E]的总结性观点
43. 定位段落[D] → 识别'only a few... Many still insisted'的细节 → 匹配题干中'businesswoman'和'customers came by car'的具体信息
44. 定位段落[A] → 识别'Taking out those parking spots... would ruin stores' → 直接匹配题干核心信息
45. 定位段落[E] → 识别'clean up the air, reduce greenhouse emissions, and speed up travel'等益处 → 推断'更宜人'的同义改写
考点:主旨概括段落功能识别推理判断观点态度推断细节定位并列信息捕捉逻辑衔接与普遍化推断数据推断转折信号词捕捉主旨大意细节定位与捕捉
译文:题干:越来越多的数据表明,安装自行车道会提高当地商业收入。正确项E:这个小故事让我们得以一窥城市在更新基础设施时面临的挑战——通过使城镇更友好于自行车来净化空气、减少温室排放并加快出行速度。越来越多的数据显示,安装自行车道和使街道更利于行人会促进经济……
第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分
All living organisms on Earth are exposed to a 24-hour day-night cycle. This cycle is the reason why people rest at night and are active during the day. Consequently, all human body functions also follow this daily rhythm, and the timing of behaviors like exercise or food intake can significantly influence your health. For example, eating at night can lead to weight gain over time because food intake at night leads to increased fat storage. Many drug targets in the body follow a 24-hour cycle, too. This means that the specific proteins a drug is designed to modify can react differently to the medicine over the course of a 24-hour time period. Because how the body responds to a drug can differ depending on the time it is taken, it logically follows that taking medicines at specific times could help increase their effectiveness and reduce unwanted side effects. When doctors prescribe medicine for people, they rarely consider the best time to take it. There are two main reasons for that oversight. First, many physicians are not aware that some drugs work better during a specific time of the day. And second, most drugs have not been studied for possible different effects during a 24- hour cycle. Therefore, patients are directed to take most drugs during the morning or evening primarily to ensure compliance. Over 50 years ago, researchers found that the cholesterol drug simvastatin is more effective at lowering cholesterol levels when taken at night rather than during the day. This is because the liver enzyme these drugs target is more active at night. Taking medicine at the wrong time can even cause harm. My colleagues and I wondered whether midazolam, the most common sedative used in surgical procedures worldwide, might interfere with the internal clock that protects the heart at night. Currently, there are no guidelines regarding when midazolam should be administered. More research is needed to determine the best times to administer treatments for different diseases. I believe taking drug timing into account could help make treatments more effective and help more people worldwide.
- A.It has a considerable impact on our health.
- B.It confines us to a 24-hour day-night cycle.
- C.It requires us to follow a particular rhythm.
- D.It holds the key to all human body functions.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位首段关于行为时机的论述 → 提取其对健康的影响 → 同义替换为选项A
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:关于行为时机,我们从文章中了解到什么?正确项:它对我们的健康有相当大的影响。
- A.They can modify the effects of medicines in different ways.
- B.They can reduce unwanted side effects of certain medicines.
- C.Their reaction to medicines changes during the day-night cycle.
- D.Their design determines how differently they react to medicines.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位关于蛋白质的论述 → 提取其在24小时周期内对药物反应不同的核心信息 → 同义替换为选项C
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:作者关于体内的蛋白质说了什么?正确项:它们对药物的反应在昼夜周期中会发生变化。
- A.They give little thought to the time of taking it for maximum effect.
- B.They rarely consider which medicine works better for which patient.
- C.They tell patients its possible side effects during a period of 24 hours.
- D.They tell patients to comply with the directions of drug manufacturers.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位医生开药时的行为描述 → 提取“很少考虑最佳服药时间”这一核心事实 → 同义替换为选项A
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:医生在给病人开药时做什么?正确项:他们很少考虑服药时间以达到最大效果。
- A.To discourage them from making complaints.
- B.To ensure they take the drugs as instructed.
- C.To comply with new research findings strictly.
- D.To guarantee the maximum effect of the drugs.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位医生建议早晚服药的原因 → 提取“主要为了确保依从性”这一直接原因 → 同义替换为选项B
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:为什么医生建议病人在早上或晚上服用大多数药物?正确项:为了确保他们按指示服药。
- A.Considering drug-taking timing when prescribing drugs for patients.
- B.Making treatments less complex by taking drug timing into account.
- C.Conducting more studies to find out the best timing for treating different diseases.
- D.Finding out the most effective drugs for treating diseases through further research.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位文章结尾作者的建议 → 提取“需要更多研究来确定最佳治疗时间”这一核心建议 → 同义替换为选项C
考点:主旨归纳同义替换
译文:题干:作者在文章结尾附近建议了什么?正确项:进行更多研究以找出治疗的最佳时间。
Katharine Abraham, an economics professor, was chatting with her hairdresser( ) about retirement plans. The economist said she plans to continue working because she wants to. The hairdresser agreed but for a different reason: She needs the money. Both scenarios are contributing to a big increase in the number of people in the U.S. working into their 70s. Over the past 20 years, the share of Americans working in their 70s has risen from less than 10% to nearly 15%. In addition to people being healthier and living much longer, economists say that a combination of financial considerations such as years of slow rise in real wages and a shift away from traditional pensions in the private sector are some of the reasons people delay retirement. The decline of manufacturing and the increase in the number of people working in less labor-intensive occupations also has contributed to the trend, says Abraham, who researches work and retirement decisions of older Americans. "Which matters more depends on what your history up until that point has been in the type of work you're doing," Abraham says. The overall trend is hitting Americans of all different levels of educational attainment, although the percentages vary by category. The share of Americans with bachelor's degrees who were working into their 70s reached nearly 20% in 2018. For those with a high school degree or less, the proportion of those working in their 70s had risen to around 10%, while those with some college education were in the middle at around 15%. Martin Neil Baily, an economist who is leading a research project on retirement security, notes that quitting a career can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness, particularly for men. He suggests that many college- educated workers are choosing to stay in the labor force more for social benefits than for financial reasons. They're also more likely to be in professional occupations where they tend to enjoy their work more. Workers in more physical jobs, meanwhile, may be more likely to look forward to retiring, Baily says, suggesting those who stay on are more likely doing so for financial reasons.
- A.They differ in their reasons for continuing to work.
- B.They are both committed to working into their 70s.
- C.They are happy about their current financial situation.
- D.They hold different views about postponing retirement.
参考答案与解析
答案:A
解析:定位首段人物对话 → 提取教授(want to)与理发师(need the money)的不同动机 → 对比得出差异
考点:细节定位对比推理
译文:题干:关于经济学教授和她的理发师,我们从文章中了解到什么?正确项:她们继续工作的原因不同。
- A.More and more people have switched to less intellectually challenging jobs.
- B.The number of jobs suitable for older people has increased in the private sector.
- C.The rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed down for years.
- D.More and more people in the workplace find it hard to rely on traditional pensions.
参考答案与解析
答案:C
解析:定位第三段原因列举 → 匹配“slow rise in real wages”与选项C的“rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed” → 同义替换
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:人们推迟退休的原因之一是什么?正确项:以购买力衡量的工资增长率已经放缓。
- A.The higher their earnings, the more likely they are tempted to delay retirement.
- B.Those who have more job satisfaction tend to retire later than those who have less.
- C.More men than women are likely to stay in the labor force until their late seventies.
- D.The higher their educational level, the more likely they are to delay retirement.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位第五段教育程度数据 → 提取“bachelor's degrees...nearly 20%”“high school...10%”“some college...15%” → 归纳正相关趋势
考点:数据归纳趋势推理
译文:题干:人们推迟退休的总体趋势是什么?正确项:教育水平越高,他们越可能继续工作。
- A.Enjoying financial security.
- B.Staying connected socially.
- C.Contributing more professionally.
- D.Increasing social security payments.
参考答案与解析
答案:B
解析:定位末段Baily观点 → 提取“college-educated workers...more for social benefits than for financial reasons” → 匹配选项B
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:根据一位经济学家的说法,受过大学教育的工人推迟退休的主要原因是什么?正确项:保持社交联系。
- A.They are eager to enjoy life after retiring.
- B.They are likely to have financial troubles.
- C.They generally don't enjoy doing it.
- D.They tend to anticipate retirement.
参考答案与解析
答案:D
解析:定位末段“physical jobs”相关描述 → 提取“more likely to look forward to retiring” → 同义替换为“tend to anticipate retirement”
考点:细节定位同义替换
译文:题干:文章对从事体力工作的人有什么说法?正确项:他们往往期待退休。
第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
I am truly glad that the student union is collecting our opinions for the coming year, and I would like to share a few thoughts on how campus life could become richer and more colourful. To begin with, I suggest that more student clubs be set up, ranging from photography to debating, so that everyone can find a hobby and make new friends. It would also be helpful if the union organized regular sports meets and art festivals, because such events relax us after study and build a stronger sense of community. Another idea is to invite experts to hold lectures and workshops, which would broaden our horizons and prepare us for future careers. I believe these suggestions, if adopted, will make our daily life on campus far more enjoyable. Thank you for listening, and I am always ready to offer any help the union may need.
第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
In recent years, the Chinese government has attached great importance to the development of the private economy and introduced a series of policies to support private enterprises. By the end of March 2025, the number of private enterprises nationwide exceeded 57 million, accounting for 92.3% of the total number of enterprises. Private enterprises are not only growing steadily in number but also improving in quality and structure. They are also increasing their R&D investment and developing rapidly in fields such as next-generation information technology and artificial intelligence. As a result, the enhancement of private enterprises' core competitiveness provides strong support for the high-quality development of China's economy.
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