2025年06月大学英语四级真题(第1套)及答案解析

四级 CET-4真题 · 在线做题

2025年06月大学英语四级真题(第1套) · 完整收录

年份考次
2025 年 · 6月·第1套
命题归属
全国统一命题
省份
全国
听力
含听力
题量
39 题
满分
710 分
限时
125 分钟
题型结构
听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
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第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分

听力原文 · Questions 1 to 2(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Everything changed for 7-year-old Tariq when he slapped some butter on an ear of corn. He knew it tasted good, but butter made it better. His passion for produce got him a position as South Dakota's official Corn Ambassador. Tariq's profession of love for his favorite vegetable earned him the name "the Corn Kid". This was after his online interview attracted millions of views and was made into a song. South Dakota is one of the top corn producers in America. The corn provides nourishment across the globe. Tariq said, "Not everyone has to like corn, but everyone should definitely try it, especially with butter." Tariq and his family were invited to South Dakota to attend the honorary ceremony at the state's Corn Palace. Officials wanted to highlight South Dakota's two largest industries: tourism and agriculture. Tariq couldn't believe his eyes when he saw the palace made of corn. knew it tasted good, but butter made it better.

1. How did Tariq make corn taste better?
  1. A.By slapping some butter on it.
  2. B.By enhancing its nourishment.
  3. C.By growing it in South Dakota.
  4. D.By cooking it in vegetable oil.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位题干关键词 'make corn taste better' → 听到 'butter made it better' → 同义替换为 'slapping some butter on it' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:塔里克如何让玉米尝起来更好吃?正确项:在上面涂一些黄油。

2. Why were Tariq and his family invited to South Dakota?
  1. A.To introduce their corn to tourists.
  2. B.To attend an honorary ceremony.
  3. C.To share experience with other corn growers.
  4. D.To exhibit their corn at the state's Corn Palace.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位题干关键词 'invited to South Dakota' → 听到 'invited to South Dakota to attend the honorary ceremony' → 同义替换为 'attend an honorary ceremony' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:为什么塔里克和他的家人被邀请到南达科他州?正确项:参加一个荣誉仪式。

听力原文 · Questions 3 to 4(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Two arrests were announced Thursday. The arrests were in connection with a string of mail thefts from U.S. Postal Service's collection boxes in Marion County and for the possession of a stolen postal key, according to the Department of Justice. Jordan Jax and Tarod Goodman, both 23, were arrested after evidence gathered in an investigation showed the pair stole mail on multiple occasions using a postal key, according to a news release. Jax and Goodman stole mail for around four months. Investigators reviewed videos of the collection boxes; the video showed the two men loading the stolen mail into Jax's vehicle. Investigators were also able to recover the key that was used to open the collection boxes. Jax and Goodman each face up to five years in federal prison in the mail thefts and up to ten years for possession of the postal key. investigation showed the pair stole mail on multiple occasions using a postal key, according to a news release.

3. What did Jordan Jax and Tarod Goodman do according to a news release?
  1. A.Stole mail several times.
  2. B.Forged postal keys illegally.
  3. C.Attacked postmen on multiple occasions.
  4. D.Broke a number of postal collection boxes.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位题干关键词 'Jordan Jax and Tarod Goodman' 和 'news release' → 听到 'the pair stole mail on multiple occasions' → 同义替换为 'Stole mail several times' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:根据新闻稿,乔丹·贾克斯和塔罗德·古德曼做了什么?正确项:多次偷窃邮件。

4. What do Jordan Jax and Tarod Goodman face?
  1. A.A sentence for life.
  2. B.Loss of all their possessions.
  3. C.Twenty-three years' hard labor.
  4. D.Up to fifteen years in prison.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位题干关键词 'face' → 听到 'each face up to five years... and up to ten years' → 计算总刑期上限为15年 → 同义替换为 'Up to fifteen years in prison' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位数字运算

译文:题干:乔丹·贾克斯和塔罗德·古德曼面临什么?正确项:最高十五年监禁。

听力原文 · Questions 5 to 7(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Can fast-fashion be sustainable? Researchers think yes. Identifying why the fast-fashion business model creates waste and determining whether regulators can establish incentives for consumers and manufacturers are steps to reduce waste. Recently, the clothing industry has come under attack for creating a waste problem with serious environmental consequences. In the absence of environmentally and economically feasible recycling options, fast-fashion manufacturers pump out low-quality clothes produced in high volumes that are worn only a few times and then discarded. The researchers put forth policy contributions, ranging from sustainable disposal of leftover stock to production tax to incentivize both manufacturers and consumers to be more waste conscious. In order to devise effective policies to curb the environmental impact of the clothing industry, it is important to identify the source of the problem in the supply chain. Manufacturers, consumers, and regulatory bodies can then take an informed approach to recognize the environmental impact of fast- fashion and to design an ecosystem to reduce waste, incentivize innovation, and create new business models to manage waste. serious environmental consequences.

5. Why has the clothing industry come under attack?
  1. A.It escapes regulation and misleads consumers.
  2. B.It ignores economically feasible recycling options.
  3. C.It creates waste and severely impacts the environment.
  4. D.It produces clothes affordable only to a tiny minority.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位题干关键词 'come under attack' → 听到 'the clothing industry has come under attack for creating a waste problem with serious environmental consequences' → 同义替换为 'creates waste and severely impacts the environment' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:为什么服装业受到抨击?正确项:它制造垃圾并严重影响环境。

6. Why did the researchers put forth such policies as production tax?
  1. A.To cut consumers' expenses in buying quality clothes.
  2. B.To enable the whole fast-fashion industry to be sustainable.
  3. C.To incentivize manufacturers to be more consumer-friendly.
  4. D.To urge manufacturers and consumers to reduce waste.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位目的状语 'to incentivize both manufacturers and consumers to be more waste conscious' → 同义替换为 'urge... to reduce waste' → 得出答案

考点:目的状语识别同义替换

译文:题干:研究人员为何提出生产税等政策?正确项:敦促制造商和消费者减少浪费。

7. What should be done first to eliminate the harm caused by the clothing industry?
  1. A.Recognizing the impact on consumers.
  2. B.Identifying the source of the problem.
  3. C.Abandoning the current business model.
  4. D.Establishing powerful regulatory bodies. four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位逻辑顺序词 'first' → 对应原文 'it is important to identify the source of the problem' → 同义替换为 'Identifying the source of the problem' → 得出答案

考点:逻辑顺序细节定位

译文:题干:要消除服装业造成的危害,首先应做什么?正确项:识别问题的根源。

听力原文 · Questions 8 to 11(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

M: Hey Mary, you seem to be very much annoyed. What happened? W: Rush hour in this city is killing me. M: Ah, yes. Rush hour is terrible, especially in the morning between 8 and 9. But what else can you expect in a city this big? W: Well, I think the local government could help improve things. I mean, getting rid of rush hour may be impossible, but it could be made more tolerable, don't you think? M: Um... but I'm not sure how. W: Well, for example, the subway system could have air conditioning. I know many cities in the world have air conditioning in their subway, so why can't we? It gets so hot in the summer. I can hardly breathe down there. And add to that the rush-hour crowds with strangers packed close together in the subway carriages, the whole thing is just horrible. M: Ah, yes, you are completely right. The trains here are too old. The government should definitely invest in new ones with air conditioning. I guess I'm fortunate I take the bus instead. W: Oh, that's much better. M: Yeah, it's more convenient. Bus No. 36 goes straight from my house to the office. It's a 30-minute ride and I don't have to make any changes. W: That sounds nice. I tell you, my current commute is killing me. Maybe I should move closer to the office. M: Well, I know a great housing agent. I found the flat I'm living in now through him. And I love it. W: Hmm, could you send me his number, please? M: Sure thing. Just tell him exactly what you are looking for and I'm sure he will find something good. Rush hour in this city is killing me.

8. Why is the woman complaining?
  1. A.The city's rush-hour traffic is intolerable.
  2. B.She cannot avoid rush-hour traffic.
  3. C.The local government is inefficient.
  4. D.The city is too big to move around easily.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位情绪表达 'Rush hour... is killing me' → 同义替换为 'intolerable' → 结合具体抱怨内容(地铁闷热、拥挤) → 得出答案

考点:情绪表达识别同义替换

译文:题干:女士为何抱怨?正确项:该市高峰时段的交通令人无法忍受。

9. What does the woman suggest doing?
  1. A.Upgrading subway carriages.
  2. B.Increasing the number of bus routes.
  3. C.Air conditioning the city's subway.
  4. D.Learning from other big cities.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位女士具体建议 'the subway system could have air conditioning' → 同义替换为 'Air conditioning the city's subway' → 得出答案

考点:建议识别同义替换

译文:题干:女士建议做什么?正确项:为该市地铁安装空调。

10. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
  1. A.He suffers from rush-hour crowding too.
  2. B.He is fortunate to live very near to work.
  3. C.He takes a half-hour bus ride to work.
  4. D.He is going to move closer to his office.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位男士描述 'Bus No. 36 goes straight... It's a 30-minute ride' → 同义替换为 'takes a half-hour bus ride to work' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位数字转换

译文:题干:我们从对话中了解到男士的什么信息?正确项:他乘公交车上班需要半小时。

11. What does the woman ask the man to do at the end of the conversation?
  1. A.Recommend to her a good house near his office.
  2. B.Send her his housing agent's telephone number.
  3. C.Tell her exactly what kind of property to look for.
  4. D.Make sure the agent finds something good for her.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位对话结尾处女士请求 → 识别‘could you send me his number’为请求 → 匹配选项B的‘send her his housing agent's telephone number’

考点:细节定位请求行为识别

译文:题干:对话结束时,女士要求男士做什么?正确项:把房产中介的电话号码发给她。

听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

M: Did you hear about Johnny? W: No. Why? Is he okay? M: He had some plastic surgery done. W: What? Why? M: Do you remember he had a scar on his face? W: Yes, of course. He always had that. I've known him since primary school, and I always remember him having that on his cheek. M: Well, he had it fixed. W: Fixed? What do you mean? You can't fix a scar. M: You know what I mean? He had an operation done on it, plastic surgery, in order to cover it and make it less noticeable. W: Oh, well, that's ridiculous, isn't it? It was noticeable, sure. But it wasn't an ugly scar. It never occurred to me that he should have it taken care of like that. M: I agree. I can understand some scars and physical defects can be ugly and distracting, but not Johnny's. In fact, I thought it added character... like it gave him a certain uniqueness. W: He must have felt differently though. He must have felt self-conscious and insecure, perhaps. M: No, no, that's not the reason. He was totally fine with his scar. As you said, he had had it for most of his life. W: Then why did he have the operation? M: Because his girlfriend wanted him to. W: What? That's so superficial and selfish of her. If Johnny's girlfriend doesn't like him for who he is, then she does not deserve to be his girlfriend. M: You are right. So he is insane to give in to her like that. But when I told him, he said he loves her and would just do what she wants him to. W: What a fool he is.

12. What does the man say about Johnny?
  1. A.He was remembered for the scar on his cheek.
  2. B.He received a heart operation a few days ago.
  3. C.He used to wear a sad face in school.
  4. D.He had some plastic surgery done.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位男士关于Johnny的陈述 → 识别‘He had some plastic surgery done’为关键事实 → 匹配选项D

考点:细节定位事实陈述识别

译文:题干:男士说了关于Johnny的什么?正确项:他做了一些整形手术。

13. What does the woman find puzzling?
  1. A.The man's deep sympathy for Johnny.
  2. B.The man's use of the expression 'fixed'.
  3. C.The man's covering up of what happened.
  4. D.The man's good memory of his childhood.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位女士对‘fixed’一词的反应 → 识别‘Fixed? What do you mean? You can't fix a scar.’为困惑表达 → 推断其困惑点在于男士用词的不当

考点:言外之意推断态度识别

译文:题干:女士觉得什么令人费解?正确项:男士使用‘fixed’(修复)这个表达。

14. What did the man think of Johnny's scar?
  1. A.It gave him a noticeable smartness.
  2. B.It made him appear even more manly.
  3. C.It seemed to give him a certain uniqueness.
  4. D.It seemed to make up for his physical defects.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位男士对疤痕的评价 → 识别‘I thought it added character... like it gave him a certain uniqueness’ → 匹配选项C

考点:细节定位观点态度识别

译文:题干:男士如何看待Johnny的疤痕?正确项:它似乎赋予了他某种独特性。

15. How could we describe the speakers' attitude towards Johnny's girlfriend?
  1. A.Liberal.
  2. B.Hostile.
  3. C.Indifferent.
  4. D.Critical. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位双方对女友的评价 → 识别‘superficial and selfish’、‘insane to give in’、‘fool’等负面词汇 → 推断态度为批判性

考点:观点态度推断情感色彩识别

译文:题干:如何描述说话者对Johnny女友的态度?正确项:批判的。

听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Talking is unique to humans. An animal might make 10 different sounds, but an adult human knows more than 20,000 words. Additionally, we're the only animal that expresses thoughts in full sentences. Researchers don't think language was invented; instead, they think it evolved. How did talking evolve? There are two main theories. The first theory is that language started with people making different sounds, mostly imitating the things around them, like animal calls, nature sounds, and the sounds of tools. Perhaps they made the sound of wind to comment on the weather or imitated the sound of a bird to tell a friend that there was a bird nearby. Then over hundreds of thousands of years, those sounds turned into words that people began to learn as part of their language. At some point, people started stringing the words together to form sentences. The other main theory, which is more recent, is that people started off by gesturing—pointing at things with their hands and imitating actions using their bodies. Eventually these gestures turned into a full sign language. This theory guesses that after developing sign languages, people eventually started making sounds along with their gestures. At some point, they switched to mostly making sounds that became words instead of just using their bodies. The reason they switched to making sounds, the theory goes, is that talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them.

16. How did language come into being according to researchers?
  1. A.Through deliberation.
  2. B.Through evolution.
  3. C.Through invention.
  4. D.Through collaboration.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位关键句 'Researchers don't think language was invented; instead, they think it evolved.' → 否定 'invented' 后肯定 'evolved' → 同义替换为 'Through evolution'

考点:否定转折结构同义替换

译文:题干:根据研究人员,语言是如何产生的?正确项:通过进化。

17. How did language start according to the first theory?
  1. A.With people imitating sounds around them.
  2. B.With people interacting with animals close by.
  3. C.With people showing each other things nearby.
  4. D.With people trying to string sounds together.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位 'The first theory is that language started with people making different sounds, mostly imitating the things around them...' → 提取核心动作 'imitating the things around them' → 同义替换为 'imitating sounds around them'

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:根据第一种理论,语言是如何开始的?正确项:通过人们模仿周围的声音。

18. Why did people switch from gesturing to making sounds according to the more recent theory?
  1. A.Making sounds can free one's hands for doing other things.
  2. B.Making sounds proves markedly easier than sign languages.
  3. C.Making sounds enables one to express their ideas more explicitly.
  4. D.Making sounds helps one communicate with people they can't see.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位 'The reason they switched to making sounds... is that talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them.' → 提取因果关系 → 同义替换为 'communicate with people they can't see'

考点:因果关系定位同义替换

译文:题干:根据较新的理论,人们为什么从手势转向发声?正确项:发声可以帮助人们与看不见的人交流。

听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Is it a good idea to display luxury brands and other signals of status? It depends on the situation. Studies have shown that people who appear to be wealthy tend to be considered more intelligent, disciplined, and competent than those who do not. But new research found that people believe someone who shows off their social status cares more about benefiting themselves than helping others. This means people are less willing to collaborate with them. Modesty may be key when cooperation is essential, but the researchers also found that in some cases, status signaling has advantages. Experiments showed that participants were less likely to choose someone who signals their wealth or status to join a group seeking cooperative members. But participants were more likely to choose that person when they're looking for a competitive team member. These findings suggest that people should change how they present themselves depending on their social goal. This is the era of social media. People can easily share their wealth and status to large audiences, but they need to consider the consequences. Posting about luxury purchases and expensive vacations online may help you to persuade others and frighten competitors, but it could also signal to potential friends or future employers that you are unlikely to think about the needs of others. This makes things tricky for people who may want to impress others while also demonstrating that they are a team player. more about benefiting themselves than helping others.

19. How would people describe someone who shows off their social status according to new research?
  1. A.Well disciplined.
  2. B.Quite confident.
  3. C.Somewhat selfish.
  4. D.Highly intelligent.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位 'But new research found that people believe someone who shows off their social status cares more about benefiting themselves than helping others.' → 提取核心观点 'cares more about benefiting themselves' → 同义替换为 'selfish'

考点:转折信号捕捉同义替换

译文:题干:根据新研究,人们会如何描述炫耀社会地位的人?正确项:有些自私。

20. When were participants more likely to choose someone who signaled their wealth or status?
  1. A.When they wanted to have a competitive team member.
  2. B.When they were looking for a cooperative workmate.
  3. C.When they found collaboration essential to them.
  4. D.When they were seeking someone to help them.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位 'But participants were more likely to choose that person when they're looking for a competitive team member.' → 提取条件 'looking for a competitive team member' → 同义替换为 'wanted to have a competitive team member'

考点:转折信号捕捉同义替换

译文:题干:参与者在什么时候更可能选择炫耀财富或地位的人?正确项:当他们想要一个有竞争力的团队成员时。

21. What should people do when sharing their wealth and status online?
  1. A.Avoid frightening competitors.
  2. B.Make clear their social goal.
  3. C.Adopt persuasive strategies.
  4. D.Consider the consequences.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位题干关键词 'sharing their wealth and status online' → 对应录音第三段 'People can easily share their wealth and status... but they need to consider the consequences' → 同义替换 'consider the consequences' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:人们在网上分享财富和地位时应该怎么做?正确项:考虑后果。

听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25(本页按钮可反复收听;在线做题考试中每段仅播一次)

Human fascination with animals goes back as far as humans do. Of the oldest cave paintings discovered, some are up to 40,000 years old, and there are more images of animals than humans. At some point, humans began to capture and hold animals. The first-known collections were held by royalty and were not open to the public. In Egypt, researchers have found buildings from around 3500 B.C., containing the remains of animals, including elephants, which were not native to Egypt. But life wasn't easy for these animals. They probably had short lives, and their remains show evidence of severe injuries. The first public exhibit of animals may have been created by Egypt's Queen Hatshepsut around 1480 B.C. Researchers think the zoo was started with animals brought home from a far-off land known as Punt. It's unclear why the Queen built the zoo, but it might have been to show off her wealth and power. Early zoos are found all over the world. In China, Emperor Wenwang is said to have built a "Garden of Intelligence" around 1060 B.C. It included deer, birds, and many fish. In England, King Henry I set up a collection of animals in about 1110 as part of the royal estate. His collection included tigers and lions. This collection eventually moved to the Tower of London in 1235. The collection stayed at that location for 600 years. images of animals than humans.

22. What can we see in the oldest cave paintings?
  1. A.Much evidence of humans capturing animals.
  2. B.More images of animals than humans.
  3. C.Fewer images of buildings than animals.
  4. D.Little proof of human fascination with animals.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位题干关键词 'oldest cave paintings' → 对应录音第一段 'Of the oldest cave paintings discovered... there are more images of animals than humans' → 直接匹配选项B → 得出答案

考点:细节定位直接匹配

译文:题干:在最古老的洞穴壁画中我们能看到什么?正确项:动物的图像比人的多。

23. What do we learn about the first-known collections of animals?
  1. A.They were open to the public.
  2. B.They were primarily native.
  3. C.They were kept by royalty.
  4. D.They were hardly injured.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位题干关键词 'first-known collections of animals' → 对应录音第二段 'The first-known collections were held by royalty and were not open to the public' → 同义替换 'held by royalty' 为 'kept by royalty' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:关于最早的动物收藏我们了解到什么?正确项:它们由皇室保管。

24. What might be the reason the Egyptian Queen created the zoo?
  1. A.To enable the public to watch animals close by.
  2. B.To introduce to Egyptians animals from Punt.
  3. C.To protect the endangered animals.
  4. D.To show off her riches and power.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位题干关键词 'Egyptian Queen' 和 'reason' → 对应录音第三段 'It's unclear why the Queen built the zoo, but it might have been to show off her wealth and power' → 同义替换 'show off her wealth and power' 为 'show off her riches and power' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:埃及女王建造动物园的原因可能是什么?正确项:炫耀她的财富和权力。

25. What do we learn about King Henry I's collection of animals in England?
  1. A.It was part of the royal estate.
  2. B.It was a shelter for wild animals.
  3. C.It was the kingdom's best-equipped zoo.
  4. D.It was the first public exhibit of animals.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位题干关键词 'King Henry I's collection' → 对应录音第四段 'In England, King Henry I set up a collection of animals... as part of the royal estate' → 直接匹配选项A → 得出答案

考点:细节定位直接匹配

译文:题干:关于亨利一世在英格兰的动物收藏我们了解到什么?正确项:它是皇家庄园的一部分。

第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分

在词库中选择合适的词填入短文,每词限用一次。

Psychologists have long been interested in how we construct our identities and the sorts of strategies that we use to present ourselves in society. New findings suggest that the kinds of [26] and strategic self- presentation behaviour we see in adults appear at a much younger age than [27] known. Research shows that a child's awareness of social standing comes from adults. Like grown-ups, kids want to be [28] by those they admire. Interactive experiences may provide opportunities for children to learn about what [29] a desirable reputation and the kinds of strategies that are effective for [30] a good reputation in their social environment. Five-year-olds aren't just aware of their reputations, they also behave strategically to alter their outward image. They will [31] their behaviour in order to appear moral or socially good in the eyes of key observers. While we know that adults use a large variety of attributes to manage and create impressions, we don't yet know whether children [32] and use the fact that different attributes are valuable at different times to different [33] . It's important for us to further consider where in this process children succeed in controlling their reputation and where they [34] . A question to think about is, "What happens even earlier than age five?" Children don't just show up to the first day of kindergarten and have the idea of reputation pop [35] into existence. The logical question to ask is, "What happens even earlier?"

A. acceptedB. audiencesC. buildingD. complexE. constitutesF. deputiesG. previouslyH. revolvingI. samplesJ. selectedK. solemnL. struggleM. suddenlyN. understandO. vary

参考答案与解析

答案:26-D 27-G 28-A 29-E 30-C 31-O 32-N 33-B 34-L 35-M

解析:26 空 定位空格前 'the kinds of' → 分析空格与 'strategic self-presentation behaviour' 的并列关系 → 选择能描述行为类型的名词
27 空 定位空格前 'than' → 分析比较结构 'than ___ known' → 选择能构成比较级且符合语境的副词
28 空 定位空格前 'want to be' → 分析被动语态结构 → 选择能与 'by those they admire' 构成被动关系的动词过去分词
29 空 定位空格前 'what' → 分析 'what ___ a desirable reputation' 的主谓结构 → 选择能表达'构成'或'形成'含义的动词
30 空 定位空格前 'effective for' → 分析 'for ___ a good reputation' 的动名词结构 → 选择能与 'reputation' 搭配且表达'建立'或'维护'含义的动词
31 空 定位空格前动词 'will' → 分析空格后宾语 'their behaviour' 及目的状语 'in order to appear moral' → 选择表示'调整、改变'的动词
32 空 定位空格位于宾语从句 'whether children ___ and use the fact...' 中 → 分析从句结构,空格与 'use' 并列,需填入动词原形 → 结合宾语 'the fact' 选择表示'理解、意识到'的动词
33 空 定位空格位于介词 'to' 后,作 'valuable at different times to different ___' 的宾语 → 分析语境,指'对不同的人有价值' → 选择表示'人、对象'的名词
34 空 定位空格位于 'where they ___' 从句中,与前文 'succeed in controlling their reputation' 构成对比 → 选择表示'失败、未能'的动词
35 空 定位空格位于固定搭配 'pop ___ into existence' 中 → 识别该短语意为'突然出现' → 选择副词 'up' 构成 'pop up'

考点:语境选词近义词辨析时态与语态动词搭配名词性从句动词辨析名词辨析固定搭配动词短语

译文:心理学家长期以来一直对我们如何构建身份以及我们在社会中用来呈现自己的策略类型感兴趣。新发现表明,我们在成年人身上看到的那种{{26}}和策略性的自我呈现行为,出现的年龄比{{27}}已知的要早得多。

第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分

判断每个陈述源于哪一段。

ARecently, a leading design federation in the UK warned that the UK could face a creative skills shortage, after the latest figures revealed a drop of almost 10 percent in students studying Design and Technology. These figures showed that the number of pupils that sat exams in Design and Technology fell 10 percent from 204,788 to 185,279 last year.
BChief executive John Kampfner of the Creative Industries Federation thinks that this drop in figures has worrying implications for the skills pipeline in Britain's hugely successful arts and creative industries. He said, "We already have skills shortages in many jobs such as animation and special effects." He added: "Engineering, which requires a similar mix of creative and technical skills, also has recruitment problems."
CMany other designers and architects have expressed concern over the future supply of home-grown talent for UK firms, and industry bodies have pointed out that there has been a lack of roots-level support. However, if these designers had visited the Design Museum shop in London earlier this year their fears may have been eased. With £10 to spend, they could have bought a fascinating children's toy called "Dazzle Racer". An automotive cylinder , it included a wind-up, elastic -band-powered mechanism, minimal parts, all 100 percent recycled, and lots of stickers. It was good fun, simple, eye-catching and very original.
DWell, you'd expect the Design Museum to commission and make some interesting items, but this one was different. Designed by a group of six Year 9 and Year 10 boys from Finchley Catholic High School, the toy was the winning entry in the museum's 2015 Design Ventura competition, which brings the business of design to life for students aged 13 to 16 by challenging them to develop a new creative, sustainable and commercially feasible product for the Design Museum shop and attracts hundreds of entries nationwide.
E"We did Design Ventura in my previous school," says Liam Hourican, Finchley Catholic High School's design technology curriculum leader. "Then when I changed schools four years ago, I introduced it here because it helps to develop so many skills."
FThe theme for last year's competition was "Move", and Hourican began with three groups working in lunch breaks and after school before selecting the group with the most innovative idea. Each participating school may submit just one proposal. "It's the taking part and doing the work which is important," he says. "And I never dreamt we'd win."
GCatherine Ritman Smith, head of learning at the Design Museum, is expecting around 10,000 participants aged 13 to 16 to take part this year and says that the project—funded by Deutsche Bank as part of its youth engagement programme Born To Be—is the biggest event in the museum's calendar. "We started Design Ventura with around 800 young people in 2010 and it has grown steadily since," she says. "Teachers like it because the skills are all transferable and it helps to validate the value of design as a subject," she explains, telling me that nearly 600 schools have taken part so far.
HSo how does the competition work? A single-word theme is announced in the summer. This year it is "Change". Schools work with groups to produce imaginative design ideas for a product in simple materials that could sell for £10 in the Design Museum shop. Participating schools then register by November and eventually submit their design idea. Along the way there is training and support for teachers and tutoring for students from designers. An additional bonus is when the winners see their design on sale in the spring of the following year.
IHourican and his pupils have happy memories of spending a whole day at the museum, having been selected as one of 10 shortlisted schools to present their idea to a panel of judges, including designer Jasper Conran. Then they worked with the Kin Design Studio in Shoreditch, met designers at their school and attended a lunch with Deutsche Bank employees. The students helped to make decisions and there were plenty of discussions—they changed the product's name, for example.
J"One of the really useful things about this competition," says Hourican, "is that there's a commercial element because the product is going on sale for real and the boys had to learn about budgeting and marketing, as well as designing their game." Profits go to charity. "The winning team chooses where it wants the profits to go," says Ritman Smith. "The Finchley Catholic High School product raised about £1,000 for Great Ormond Street Hospital." Winning entries in past years have included a make-your-own cloth kit called Dove Bunting and a threefold, wallet-sized travel game with goals at each end, called Badoiiing.
KIt costs the schools nothing to participate in Design Ventura; the professional designers provide their services for free. Among them are architect Asif Khan, a Design Museum trustee who has worked as designer-in- residence at the museum, helping emerging architects. He has recently been commissioned to design the new Museum of London building in Smithfield.
LAnother is television presenter and interior designer Naomi Cleaver, who is one of the competition's judges. "I'm very keen to encourage young people," she says, observing that design brings together other subjects such as literature, art, history, geography and science. "Now that design education is limited in the curriculum, I'm all in favour of competitions such as Design Ventura, which helps to bring the standard curriculum to life," says Cleaver. "And the judging day is terrific fun. Some of these students are very imaginative. One group presented their idea in the form of a puppet show and we see some marvelous demonstration models. I'm always impressed by the levels of confidence and the support the students get from their teachers."
MRitman Smith adds: "Design technology has become a tricky subject to make a case for, and we've heard of departments closing in some schools. We find that if pupils take part in Design Ventura in Year Nine it can be the trigger which leads them to opt for it at General Certificate of Secondary Education, so we are helping to keep alive something which is crucial to industry and entrepreneurship."
1. During the course of preparing for Design Ventura, teachers receive training and support while students get tutoring from designers. (H)
2. A visit to the Design Museum shop in London can reduce the designers' fears about the future supply of talents educated in Britain. (C)
3. One of Design Ventura's judges says the competition adds vigour to the standard curriculum in schools. (L)
4. Enrollment in Design and Technology decreased by nearly ten percent last year in the UK. (A)
5. Participation of ninth graders in Design Ventura can motivate them to choose design technology as their subject. (M)
6. Design Ventura is welcomed by teachers because it helps to prove the worth of design as a school subject. (G)
7. The schools don't have to pay anything to take part in the Design Ventura competition. (K)
8. Participants in Design Ventura are challenged to create sustainable and marketable products. (D)
9. Students benefit from Design Ventura because they can learn about budgeting and marketing in addition to game design. (J)
10. According to an officer of the Creative Industries Federation, there is difficulty now in recruiting engineers in the UK. (B)
参考答案与解析

答案:1-H 2-C 3-L 4-A 5-M 6-G 7-K 8-D 9-J 10-B

解析:36. 定位题干关键词 'teachers receive training and support' → 在语篇中定位到描述 Design Ventura 竞赛支持体系的段落 → 匹配段落 H
37. 定位题干关键词 'visit to the Design Museum shop' 和 'reduce fears' → 在语篇中定位到段落 C 的 'if these designers had visited... their fears may have been eased' → 匹配段落 C
38. 定位题干关键词 'judge' 和 'adds vigour to the standard curriculum' → 在语篇中定位到描述评委观点的段落 L → 匹配段落 L
39. 定位题干关键词 'Enrollment in Design and Technology decreased' 和 'nearly ten percent' → 在语篇中定位到段落 A 的 'drop of almost 10 percent' → 匹配段落 A
40. 定位题干关键词 'ninth graders' 和 'motivate them to choose design technology' → 在语篇中定位到描述竞赛如何激发学生兴趣的段落 M → 匹配段落 M
41. 定位题干关键词 'teachers' → 在语篇中定位到段落 [G] 中 'teachers' 的提及 → 匹配该段落关于教师欢迎 Design Ventura 的原因描述
42. 定位题干关键词 'schools' 和 'pay' → 在语篇中定位到段落 [K] 中关于学校参与成本的描述 → 匹配该段落关于免费参与的陈述
43. 定位题干关键词 'challenged' 和 'sustainable' → 在语篇中定位到段落 [D] 中关于 Design Ventura 竞赛挑战的描述 → 匹配该段落关于创造可持续和可销售产品的陈述
44. 定位题干关键词 'students benefit' 和 'budgeting and marketing' → 在语篇中定位到段落 [J] 中关于学生从 Design Ventura 中获益的描述 → 匹配该段落关于学习预算和营销的陈述
45. 定位题干关键词 'Creative Industries Federation' 和 'recruiting engineers' → 在语篇中定位到段落 [B] 中关于该组织官员观点的描述 → 匹配该段落关于工程师招聘困难的陈述

考点:细节定位指代与衔接推理判断观点态度细节定位与捕捉

译文:题干:在准备 Design Ventura 的过程中,教师接受培训和支持,而学生则获得设计师的辅导。正确项 H:描述了竞赛为教师和学生提供的具体支持形式。

第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分

New research suggests that pandas may be at risk of dying out because they are too comfortable. Experts say too much happiness can stop the bears from searching for new mates. Environmentalists have long believed that building roads or homes near the bears may threaten their survival by "reducing or fragmenting their natural: habitats", The Times reported. But the new research suggests that a "modest degree of discomfort and fragmentation" may actually help preserve panda populations. The research was conducted by scientists from Michigan State University. It concluded that pandas fail to wander off in search of new mates if they find their habitat too comfortable, resulting in a lack of vital genetic diversity. For their study—outlined in a paper in the journal Conservation Biology—the team looked at genetic diversity and spread among a Chinese panda population. The ideal level of perfectly livable habitat was found to be only 80% of an area, with the remainder either too harsh or too affected by human activity. The experts concluded that pandas should ideally "be happy enough to thrive, but not so content that they don't want to move around and find new mates". Their conclusions about what The Guardian described as this "sweet spot" are in line with the so-called Goldilocks principle: that there can be just the right amount of something. The concept has been applied to a wide range of disciplines, from developmental psychology to economics and engineering. Claudio Sillero, a professor of conservation biology at Oxford University, told the newspaper that the new findings could have implications beyond panda conservation. "Most large animals that eat meat live in increasingly fragmented landscapes," said Sillero, who was not involved in the research. "It may well be that the messy nature of their relationship with human efforts induces more animals to scatter or travel further, and might result in greater genetic connectivity and enhanced population persistence." The most recent count of pandas found that there were more than 1,800 left in the wild, putting them on the list of vulnerable, but not endangered, species.

46. What do we learn from new research about pandas?
  1. A.They are losing habitat due to the building of roads and houses.
  2. B.They have stopped seeking new mates for reproduction.
  3. C.They may not adapt to the fragmentation of their habitat.
  4. D.They may cease to exist as a result of enjoying too good a life.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位首段核心观点 → 同义替换 'too comfortable' 与 'dying out' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:关于大熊猫的新研究我们了解到了什么?正确项:它们可能因为生活过于安逸而灭绝。

47. What can we conclude from the new research by scientists at Michigan State University?
  1. A.Environmentalists' long-time belief regarding panda conservation may be misleading.
  2. B.Housing development near pandas' homes may threaten their survival.
  3. C.Pandas' natural habitats are becoming less suitable for reproduction.
  4. D.The increased panda population is attributed to the fragmentation of their habitat.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位密歇根州立大学研究结论 → 识别其与传统环保观点的对比关系 → 得出答案

考点:细节定位对比关系识别

译文:题干:从密歇根州立大学科学家的新研究中我们可以得出什么结论?正确项:环保主义者长期以来关于大熊猫保护的观点(被新研究挑战)。

48. What is the experts' conclusion regarding pandas?
  1. A.It is urgent to provide an ideal habitat for them to thrive.
  2. B.It is very important to preserve their genetic diversity.
  3. C.Their chances of finding new mates have a lot to do with their habitat.
  4. D.Their environment for survival has been continuously worsening.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位专家结论句 → 提取核心条件关系(舒适度与寻找配偶) → 同义替换

考点:细节定位条件关系理解

译文:题干:专家关于大熊猫的结论是什么?正确项:它们寻找新配偶的机会与环境舒适度有很大关系。

49. What can we infer from the passage about the Goldilocks principle?
  1. A.It needs to be confirmed by more studies on pandas.
  2. B.It applies to the preservation of pandas too.
  3. C.It has implications for future panda research.
  4. D.It can be used to locate the right spot for pandas.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位Goldilocks原则定义 → 关联其在大熊猫研究中的应用 → 推断其适用性

考点:指代衔接推理判断

译文:题干:从文章中我们可以推断出关于Goldilocks原则的什么信息?正确项:它也适用于大熊猫的保护。

50. What can the new findings do according to Professor Sillero?
  1. A.Help discover new ways for the conservation of pandas.
  2. B.Help remove pandas from the list of endangered species.
  3. C.Shed light on the conservation of most large meat-eating animals.
  4. D.Show the complexity of interactions between humans and animals.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位Sillero教授观点 → 提取其关于研究意义的论述(超越大熊猫保护) → 同义替换

考点:细节定位观点态度

译文:题干:根据Sillero教授的说法,新发现能做什么?正确项:阐明大多数大型食肉动物的保护问题。

With those born with natural talents, it feels as if they excel without really trying. But what about those of us who don't have a natural talent? We've been told all our lives that if you work hard, you too can succeed. But with the release of Angela Duckworth's Grit, we are given a new key to success. "As much as talent counts, effort counts twice," says Duckworth in Grit. She introduces a new concept that talent may be overrated, and if you want real success, what you need is grit, the perfect combination of passion and persistence. Even if you have natural talent, it's nothing without grit. Duckworth says grit is the difference between success and failure. A person who has grit is more likely to succeed than a person who does not. When we think about attaining success—whether it's landing that job or learning that new skill—our thoughts are immediately burdened by all the things we must first learn. If you want that new job, you have to learn the job skills, then the interview skills, then the dress part—and you must be perfect at all of them. Grit is different because it tells us that perfection isn't the goal. Grit lifts the unreasonable expectations off our shoulders. Grit tells us that the door is open wider than we first thought possible. Grit allows us to redefine our goals. Think about it: what's something you've always wanted to do, but gave up because you "don't have the skills for it"? What's something you love but aren't good at? The real workings of grit are to have sustainable passion and continue to try. Effort means more than your natural ability. Even if you haven't mastered a skill, grit tells you that you can still succeed if you can transform your passion into action. In a way, Duckworth is giving new hope to people who have shut the doors on their dreams. She is saying it is possible that you can accomplish anything. If at first you fail, then try one more time with grit.

51. What does the passage say about people born with natural talents?
  1. A.They seem to outdo others without hard work.
  2. B.They appear to know all the secrets to success.
  3. C.They feel it only too logical to succeed.
  4. D.They are bound to excel effortlessly.
参考答案与解析

答案:A

解析:定位首句 → 同义替换 'excel without really trying' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:文章对天生有才能的人有何描述?正确项:他们似乎无需努力就能超越他人。

52. What does Duckworth say about talent?
  1. A.It is a new concept much too overrated.
  2. B.It proves necessary for big achievements.
  3. C.It plays a lesser role in one's success.
  4. D.It is a guarantee for real success in life.
参考答案与解析

答案:C

解析:定位'Duckworth says' → 同义替换 'effort counts twice' 与 'talent may be overrated' → 推理得出努力比天赋更重要 → 得出答案

考点:细节定位推理判断

译文:题干:Duckworth对天赋有何看法?正确项:它在一个人的成功中扮演次要角色。

53. What does the passage say about people thinking of attaining success?
  1. A.They are puzzled how to present their best to the employer.
  2. B.They are burdened by their expectation of perfection.
  3. C.They will try hard to land a job that fits their skills best.
  4. D.They will find themselves lacking in all the skills they need.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:定位'When we think about attaining success' → 同义替换 'burdened by all the things we must first learn' 与 'must be perfect' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:文章对思考如何获得成功的人有何描述?正确项:他们被追求完美的期望所累。

54. How does the author think grit can be helpful to us?
  1. A.It allows us to know what we are good at.
  2. B.It opens our eyes to new opportunities.
  3. C.It focuses our attention on what we do.
  4. D.It lets us reconsider the goals to achieve.
参考答案与解析

答案:D

解析:定位'Grit allows us to' → 同义替换 'redefine our goals' → 得出答案

考点:细节定位同义替换

译文:题干:作者认为毅力如何对我们有帮助?正确项:它让我们重新考虑要实现的目标。

55. What message does Duckworth try to convey in her book Grit?
  1. A.We should perfect ourselves to ensure success.
  2. B.We should stay persistent even in face of failures.
  3. C.We can never master a skill without constant practice.
  4. D.We can never expect to reach our goals without passion.
参考答案与解析

答案:B

解析:综合全文核心观点 → 同义替换 'passion and persistence' 与 'try one more time' → 得出答案

考点:主旨大意推理判断

译文:题干:Duckworth在她的书《坚毅》中试图传达什么信息?正确项:即使面对失败,我们也应该坚持不懈。

第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分

Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students' opinions on the necessity of making College Chinese a compulsory course. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

词数要求:120–180 词 · 107 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

The question of whether College Chinese should be a compulsory course has sparked heated discussion on campus. In my view, making it compulsory is both necessary and wise. Admittedly, some students argue that Chinese is their mother tongue and needs no further study. Yet this view overlooks two facts. First, a solid command of Chinese sharpens our thinking and expression. Many science majors write reports full of grammatical errors and muddled logic, which weakens their careers. A required course would help them communicate clearly. What's more, classical Chinese carries our cultural heritage. Through reading poems and essays, students inherit values and a sense of identity that no other subject offers. Therefore, I firmly believe College Chinese deserves a place as a compulsory course. It is not a burden but an investment in both our language ability and our cultural roots.

第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分

被誉为"杂交水稻(hybrid rice)之父"的袁隆平和他的科研团队克服重重困难,研发出了一种超级杂交水稻。这项技术获得了举世公认的巨大成功。通过这项技术的应用,水稻抗旱抗病能力更强,能适应不同的气候和土壤条件,产量可提高20-30%。超级杂交水稻营养丰富,口感更佳。目前,这项技术已经在许多国家得到广泛应用,为全球粮食安全做出了重大贡献。

107 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

Yuan Longping, known as the father of hybrid rice, and his research team, overcoming numerous difficulties, developed a super hybrid rice. This technology has achieved great success recognized worldwide. With the application of this technology, the rice has stronger resistance to drought and disease and can adapt to different climates and soil conditions, and its yield can increase by 20 to 30 percent. In addition, super hybrid rice is rich in nutrition and tastes better. Currently, this technology has been widely applied in many countries, making great contributions to global food security.

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