2025年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）及答案解析

四级 CET-4真题 · 在线做题

2025年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套） · 完整收录

年份考次
2025 年 · 12月·第3套
命题归属
全国统一命题
省份
全国
听力
含听力
题量
39 题
满分
710 分
限时
125 分钟
题型结构
听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
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本页为《2025年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）》完整静态文字版（题干 · 选项 · 听力原文 · 答案 · 解析均为页面原生内容，无需登录即可阅读）；听力段附「播放本段听力」按钮（浏览器语音合成 · 学阶考试语速，可反复收听）；点上方「开始考试」进入在线做题页作答。

第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分

听力原文 · Questions 1 to 2（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

A terrified cat has survived a five-mile round trip under the engine cover of a car on a school run. The black cat was found curled up under the engine cover of David King's car when he decided to do an oil check after dropping his grandson off at school in Kent. Mr King's wife said her husband had come "running in" and was "shouting for me to come have a look". "We weren't even sure it was alive, so I gently pushed it with a stick to check it was breathing and saw it was a terrified little cat. It reversed even further into the engine and was stuck. I tried to reach it, but it was too far down and there wasn't any way I could get it out." Following a rescue by UK charity Cats Protection, the four-year-old cat was later reunited with its owner, Mr King's neighbour. decided to do an oil check after dropping his grandson off at school in Kent.

1. Where was the black cat found?
  1. A.Outside the office of a charity foundation.
  2. B.Inside the car of David King's neighbour.
  3. C.Under the engine cover of a man's car.
  4. D.At the gate of a grade school in Kent.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'found' → 听到 'found curled up under the engine cover of David King's car' → 同义替换为 'a man's car' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：这只黑猫是在哪里被发现的？正确项：在一位男士的汽车引擎盖下。

2. What do we learn about the cat at the end of the news report?
  1. A.It got reunited with its owner.
  2. B.It was injured during the rescue.
  3. C.It became a pet of Mr King's grandson.
  4. D.It was placed in the care of a UK charity.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'at the end' → 听到最后一句 'the four-year-old cat was later reunited with its owner' → 同义替换为 'got reunited with its owner' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：新闻报道结尾告诉我们关于这只猫的什么信息？正确项：它与主人团聚了。

听力原文 · Questions 3 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

In less than a month, the Special Olympics Spring Games will make a return to Fayetteville. The Games are coming back for the first time in five years. The event will take place at Methodist University.

3. What will Fayetteville witness in less than a month?
  1. A.The 100th anniversary celebration of Methodist University.
  2. B.The first important political event in the next five years.
  3. C.The opening of the Special Olympics Spring Games.
  4. D.The reunion of this year's Olympic gold medalists.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'Fayetteville' 和 'witness' → 听到 'the Special Olympics Spring Games will make a return to Fayetteville' → 同义替换为 'The opening of the Special Olympics Spring Games' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：费耶特维尔在不到一个月的时间里将见证什么？正确项：特殊奥林匹克春季运动会的开幕。

4. What did Benjamin Kowalczyk say is rewarding to see?
  1. A.Volunteers visit the Games' website to sign up.
  2. B.Athletes with special needs triumph in the Games.
  3. C.Organizers devote their time and energy to the Games.
  4. D.Children play in a fun tent and enjoy themselves fully.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'Benjamin Kowalczyk' 和 'rewarding' → 听到 'Kowalczyk said it's rewarding to see athletes with special needs triumph in the Games' → 直接匹配选项 B → 得出答案

考点：细节定位直接匹配

译文：题干：本杰明·科瓦尔奇克说看到什么是有回报的？正确项：有特殊需求的运动员在比赛中获胜。

听力原文 · Questions 5 to 7（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

A German supermarket has been ordered to destroy its chocolate rabbits after it lost a court battle with a Swiss chocolate manufacturer. The Swiss firm had argued its gold-wrapped chocolate rabbit deserved copyright protection from a similar product sold by the budget supermarket. Switzerland's highest court agreed and overturned a ruling last year by the country's commercial court that had sided with the supermarket. It ordered that all the imitation rabbits be destroyed, but suggested the chocolate needn't be wasted. It could be melted for use in other products. It said even though there are some differences between the two products, there was still the possibility of confusion for consumers. The Swiss manufacturer's rabbit has a red bow and bell, while the German supermarket's has a green bow and bell. The colour of the wrapper is similar, as are the illustrations of the features. The chocolate company has been to court before to protect its popular chocolate treat. Last year, a German federal court said the shade of the gold wrapping was also protected. battle with a Swiss chocolate manufacturer.

5. What has the German supermarket been ordered to do?
  1. A.Destroy its imitation chocolate rabbits.
  2. B.Change the wrapping of its commodities.
  3. C.Compensate for the Swiss manufacturer's loss.
  4. D.Defend itself in the country's commercial court.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'ordered to do' → 听到 'ordered to destroy its chocolate rabbits' → 同义替换为 'Destroy its imitation chocolate rabbits' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：这家德国超市被命令做什么？正确项：销毁其仿制的巧克力兔子。

6. What did Switzerland's highest court suggest about the chocolate in question?
  1. A.It could be rewrapped and sold by the budget supermarket.
  2. B.It could be reshaped into animals other than rabbits.
  3. C.It could be resold cheaper to avoid waste.
  4. D.It could be reused in other products.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位最高法院建议 → 听取‘melted for use in other products’ → 同义替换为‘reused in other products’

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：瑞士最高法院对涉案巧克力提出了什么建议？正确项：它可以被重新用于其他产品。

7. Why did Switzerland's highest court overturn the commercial court's ruling?
  1. A.To be fair to the German supermarkets.
  2. B.To protect chocolate retailers' interests.
  3. C.To boost the growth of the chocolate industry.
  4. D.To prevent consumers' possible confusion. four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位最高法院推翻下级法院判决的原因 → 听取‘possibility of confusion for consumers’ → 同义替换为‘prevent consumers' possible confusion’

考点：推理判断细节定位

译文：题干：瑞士最高法院为何推翻了商业法院的裁决？正确项：为了防止消费者可能产生的混淆。

听力原文 · Questions 8 to 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

M: Can you please hand me that book over there? It has instructions for making a winter bean salad. My sister's boyfriend is coming over for dinner. He's vegetarian, so I need to make a lot of vegetable dishes. W: He only eats vegetables, no meat? That doesn't sound like a very balanced diet. How can he get enough protein? What does he do to strengthen his muscles and all that? M: Apparently that's no problem. He's explained this to me when we first met. He eats a variety of different vegetables and nuts, especially those with high amounts of protein. W: It sounds a bit difficult, but he's done his research I suppose. What's his reasoning for being vegetarian? Is it his religion, health condition, or lifestyle? M: He's an animal activist. He's always been very sensitive and sympathizes with animals. He's even written to his state senator about the torture of dolphins in sea parks. He says that keeping animals in zoos and parks causes them great distress. W: That's a little gloomy, but I can understand that to a point. Not all zoos and animal parks have the most favorable conditions, but without them it just wouldn't be feasible to learn about animals and their environments. Besides, I don't think I could ever give up a good hot dog at a baseball game. M: Honestly, I agree, but just don't let him hear you say that. He's the spokesperson for his local animal rights group. book over there?

8. What does the man request the woman to do?
  1. A.Return the handbook to him.
  2. B.Make a vegetable dish.
  3. C.Pass a book to him.
  4. D.Meet his sister's boyfriend.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位对话开头男士的请求 → 听取‘hand me that book’ → 同义替换为‘pass a book to him’

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：男士请求女士做什么？正确项：把一本书递给他。

9. What does the woman say about eating vegetables only?
  1. A.It doesn't seem to be a balanced diet.
  2. B.It would reduce one's protein intake.
  3. C.It would do harm to one's muscles.
  4. D.It doesn't sound practical for her.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位女士对‘只吃蔬菜’的评价 → 听取‘That doesn't sound like a very balanced diet’ → 同义替换为‘It doesn't seem to be a balanced diet’

考点：细节定位观点态度

译文：题干：女士对只吃蔬菜有什么看法？正确项：这似乎不是一种均衡的饮食。

10. Why does the boyfriend of the man's sister choose to be a vegetarian?
  1. A.To improve his health.
  2. B.To protect animal rights.
  3. C.To follow a trendy lifestyle.
  4. D.To stick to his religious belief.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位男士解释男友素食原因 → 听取‘He's an animal activist...sympathizes with animals’ → 同义替换为‘To protect animal rights’

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：男士姐姐的男友为何选择成为素食主义者？正确项：为了保护动物权利。

11. On what point does the man agree with the woman at the end of the conversation?
  1. A.The torture and distress dolphins suffer in parks.
  2. B.The necessity of having zoos and eating meat.
  3. C.The gloomy environments animals are kept in.
  4. D.The urgency of joining an animal rights group.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位对话结尾男士表态 → 识别其赞同女士关于动物园必要性的观点 → 排除仅提及男士观点的选项

考点：观点态度细节定位

译文：题干：在对话结尾，男士在哪一点上同意女士的观点？正确项：动物园的必要性和吃肉的必要性。

听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Did you see that television program on air travel last night? M: Yes. The part about overcoming jetlag was interesting. I was surprised that the expert recommended not eating for the entire journey and avoiding sleeping on the plane. W: I was too, as I read an article on the subject in the past that suggested the opposite. It claimed that it was important not to miss meals and that taking a nap on the plane was the best way to adjust to a new time zone. M: Well, the expert on the show did cite research supporting her recommendations, so I guess I'll give it a try next time I fly a long distance. Jetlag is a big problem for me and has been for the last few years, even though I never suffered from it before. W: Well, she did say that jetlag often becomes more of a problem after 40, so I guess I'm lucky that I can still adjust to different time zones well. My problem is I'm afraid to fly. M: Oh, I didn't know that. Actually, my mother is terrified of airplanes to the point where she can't even fly, so our family vacations were always by car or train. W: I'm not as bad as that. I just get anxious before I fly and feel nervous the whole time we're in the air, which is why I was hoping the television program would cover that topic more than it did. M: Yeah. That segment was too brief, especially as so many people have that problem. She said 20% of people are afraid to fly. W: Actually, it was a quarter of people, so the problem really is widespread and deserves attention. about overcoming jetlag was interesting.

12. What part of the TV program does the man say was interesting?
  1. A.The part about getting over jetlag.
  2. B.The part about air travel in the past.
  3. C.The part about not eating on board the plane.
  4. D.The part about avoiding sleeping on the plane.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位男士直接回答 → 识别'overcoming jetlag'与选项'getting over jetlag'的同义替换 → 排除仅提及节目话题或具体建议的选项

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：男士说电视节目的哪个部分有趣？正确项：关于克服时差的部分。

13. What does the man say he will do next time he flies a long distance?
  1. A.Take a nap to adjust to a new time zone.
  2. B.Have meals as usual to stay away from hunger.
  3. C.Concentrate on reading articles recommended by experts.
  4. D.Try following the advice given by the expert on the show.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位男士关于下次飞行的打算 → 识别'give it a try'与'follow the advice'的同义替换 → 排除与原文建议相悖或无关的选项

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：男士说下次长途飞行会做什么？正确项：尝试遵循节目中专家的建议。

14. Why does the woman think she is lucky?
  1. A.She does not have any problem flying.
  2. B.She can spend a lot of time vacationing.
  3. C.She does not have to worry about jetlag.
  4. D.She has been well treated when traveling.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位女士陈述'我幸运'的句子 → 提取原因'仍能很好地适应不同时区' → 同义替换为'不必担心时差'

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：女士为什么认为自己幸运？正确项：她不必担心时差。

15. Why does the woman think the problem of being afraid to fly deserves attention?
  1. A.It has caused heavy losses to many airlines.
  2. B.It impacts female travelers more seriously.
  3. C.It has long been ignored by many experts.
  4. D.It affects twenty-five percent of people. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位女士最后关于问题值得重视的陈述 → 提取原因'影响四分之一的人' → 同义替换为'影响25%的人'

考点：细节定位数字转换

译文：题干：女士为什么认为害怕飞行的问题值得重视？正确项：它影响25%的人。

听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

The most common question I'm asked always centers around how to get started in user experience design, to which my response is always that nothing can substitute real-world experience. Building the skills required of a user experience designer takes time, patience, and commitment. Higher education is a great way to equip yourself with some core skills, but it will not prepare you for actual challenges you'll face with clients' work. In other words, being proficient with a design tool and a few methods doesn't make you a user experience designer. There simply isn't a one-size-fits-all process. Being effective requires adaptability — something you don't really learn in school, much less in a 6- month training camp. It's gained through experience on the job and learning what's appropriate given the needs of the project. I found my way to user experience through graphic design and slowly over many different roles and experiences. That led me to become a user experience designer. It took time and commitment to continue to pursue roles within teams that I knew could teach and challenge me. That's not to say that I think my path is the only one. But once again, nothing can substitute real-world experience. You can start anywhere as long as you know your end goal and you commit to actively pursuing opportunities to learn and grow along the way. experience design, to which my response is always that nothing can substitute real- world experience.

16. What does the speaker think is the best way to get started in user experience design?
  1. A.Learning from skilled designers.
  2. B.Obtaining real-world experience.
  3. C.Joining a 6-month training camp.
  4. D.Anticipating actual challenges.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'best way to get started' → 听到 'nothing can substitute real-world experience' → 同义替换得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：演讲者认为入门用户体验设计的最佳方式是什么？正确项：获得真实世界的经验。

17. What does the speaker say being effective requires?
  1. A.Core skills.
  2. B.Higher education.
  3. C.Adaptability.
  4. D.Capability.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'being effective requires' → 直接听到 'Being effective requires adaptability' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位直接对应

译文：题干：演讲者说有效工作需要什么？正确项：适应能力。

18. What can people do as long as they know their end goal and strive for it?
  1. A.Start anywhere.
  2. B.Face challenges.
  3. C.Pursue roles in teams.
  4. D.Follow their own path.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干条件 'know their end goal and strive for it' → 听到 'You can start anywhere as long as you know your end goal and you commit to actively pursuing opportunities' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位条件对应

译文：题干：只要人们知道自己的最终目标并为之努力，他们能做什么？正确项：从任何地方开始。

听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

When planning for this year, our principal asked what needed to change to engage students more in their learning. I responded in a whisper "flexible seating", thinking about our then-current classroom. It had rows of desks with blue chairs and nameplates reminding each student where they should be sitting. This began a journey to transform our practice and challenge the ways of learning for a group of Year 6 students used to sitting in desks and rows for years. Flexible seating has been defined as movable furniture to create an engaging learning environment. It is a shift in practice from being teacher-focused to student-focused learning. For us, flexible seating has meant removing most of the traditional chairs and desks and introducing a variety of different seating options to promote student engagement. The use of rows and their minimal adaptations to "U" shape were traditionally intended to maximize on-task behavior and reduce distraction from the teacher. Teachers tend to still use this format because of either the need to control students or the belief that the teacher is the most important person in the room. Now our students have a range of different seating options, including a floor desk, couches, stools, bean bags, and the traditional desk-and-chair. From our experience so far, flexible seating enhances student ownership of space and engagement in learning, while reducing rates of student disengagement and disciplinary actions. It is a win for all concerned. more in their learning.

19. Why did the school principal ask what needed to change?
  1. A.To respond actively to students' requests.
  2. B.To engage students more in their learning.
  3. C.To enable teachers to interact more with their students.
  4. D.To allow students more freedom in their academic work.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干 'principal ask what needed to change' → 听到 'to engage students more in their learning' → 直接对应得出答案

考点：细节定位目的对应

译文：题干：校长为什么问需要改变什么？正确项：为了让学生更多地参与学习。

20. What has flexible seating meant at the speaker's school?
  1. A.Using new furniture to create a comfortable environment.
  2. B.Shifting from traditional teaching to task-based learning.
  3. C.Adopting a variety of different seating options.
  4. D.Rearranging most traditional chairs and desks.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干 'flexible seating has meant' → 听到 'removing most of the traditional chairs and desks and introducing a variety of different seating options' → 同义替换得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：在演讲者的学校，灵活座位意味着什么？正确项：采用多种不同的座位选择。

21. What has flexible seating brought about at the speaker's school?
  1. A.A win for all people involved.
  2. B.A strengthened effect of its discipline.
  3. C.A harmonious relationship among its students.
  4. D.A change to teachers' opinion of their students.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位原文末段总结句 → 提取 'a win for all concerned' → 同义替换为 'all people involved' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：灵活座位给说话者所在的学校带来了什么？ 正确项A：对所有相关人员来说都是一场胜利。

听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

Dozens of British students arriving for their first day of school on Tuesday were sent home over their shoes. About 30 students were turned away from Taverham High School in Norfolk, England. Headteacher, Dr Roger Harris, confirmed that this was due to a change in the school's uniform policy. Harris, who became headteacher this year, said he notified parents of the updated rules in an email in June. The price of school uniforms can spark panic among families struggling with the high cost of living. Nearly all British schools have uniforms. They cost parents an average of £337 per year for each secondary school child. According to the new rules, students of Taverham are required to wear smart black shoes appropriate for the workplace, Harris held that strengthened rules around school uniforms improved student outcomes and behavior. But for some parents, the school's restrictions are an unnecessary burden. As annual inflation climbs over 10%, many households are on tight budgets. Private rental prices in Britain rose 3.2% over the 12 months to July 2022, the largest jump since 2016. Soaring energy bills have made things worse. Lucinda May, mum of a Taverham student, said that she had to ask her parents for £65 to buy her child the correct pair of shoes. May said that the school's uniform policy showed the lack of regard for parents dealing with the high cost of living.

22. Why were dozens of British students sent home on Tuesday?
  1. A.They weren't informed of the school's updated rules.
  2. B.They arrived late for their first day of school.
  3. C.They answered their headteacher's email in an impolite way.
  4. D.They didn't wear the shoes required by the school's new policy.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位首段 'sent home over their shoes' → 结合第三段 'required to wear smart black shoes' → 推理出未穿规定鞋子 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位因果推理

译文：题干：为什么几十名英国学生在周二被送回家？ 正确项D：他们没有穿学校新规定要求的鞋子。

23. What can the price of school uniforms spark among families in financial difficulty?
  1. A.Riots.
  2. B.Anger.
  3. C.Disputes.
  4. D.Panic.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位第二段 'spark panic among families' → 直接匹配选项 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位原词复现

译文：题干：校服价格会在经济困难的家庭中引发什么？ 正确项D：恐慌。

24. What did the headteacher think of the school's new uniform rules?
  1. A.They strengthened the school's discipline and order.
  2. B.They improved student behavior and performance.
  3. C.They enhanced the positive image of the school.
  4. D.They rendered the school unique in the district.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位第三段 'Harris held that strengthened rules...improved student outcomes and behavior' → 提取校长观点 → 同义替换为 'improved student behavior and performance' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换观点态度

译文：题干：校长对学校新校规有什么看法？ 正确项B：它们改善了学生的行为和表现。

25. What did Lucinda May have to do to buy her child the correct pair of shoes?
  1. A.Turn to her parents for help.
  2. B.Tighten her monthly budget.
  3. C.Borrow £65 from her friend.
  4. D.Postpone paying her other bills.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位末段 'she had to ask her parents for £65' → 同义替换为 'turn to her parents for help' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：Lucinda May不得不做什么来给孩子买正确的鞋子？ 正确项A：向她的父母求助。

第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分

在词库中选择合适的词填入短文，每词限用一次。

Earth Day is an annual celebration that honors the achievements of the environmental movement and raises awareness of the need to protect Earth's natural resources for future generations. Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 in the United States and on either April 22 or the day the spring equinox occurs throughout the [26] of the world. Environmental activism during the 1960s [27] Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson to create a [28] celebration uniting the environmental movement. With the help of Denis Hayes, a graduate student at Harvard University, Nelson organized the first Earth Day on April 22, 1970, educating participants in the [29] of environmental protection. Attended by 20 million people across the United States, the event [30] support for legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Endangered Species Act. In 1990, Hayes organized a global Earth Day, with more than 200 million participants in 140 countries. Earth Day now brings [31] citizens and activists from around the world to raise awareness and take action regarding such environmental [32] as global warming and renewable energy. Today, the Earth Day Network, which rallies more than 20,000 [33] and organizations in 190 countries, supports the Earth Day mission year-round. This mission is founded on the proposition that all people, regardless of race, gender, income, or [34] , have a moral right to a healthy, sustainable environment. The Earth Day Network [35] this mission through education, public policy, and activism campaigns.

A. concernsB. expansionC. forthD. geographyE. importanceF. imposedG. inspiredH. nationalI. partnersJ. potentialK. pursuesL. rescuesM. restN. strengthenedO. together

参考答案与解析

答案：26-M　27-G　28-H　29-E　30-N　31-O　32-A　33-I　34-D　35-K

解析：26 空 定位空格前的介词 'throughout' → 分析其后需接表示范围或整体的名词 → 结合 'of the world' 语境，选择表示 '其余部分' 的词组 → 得出答案
27 空 定位空格前的主语 'Environmental activism' 和宾语 'Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson' → 分析谓语动词需表达 '促使、激励' 之意 → 结合 1960s 的历史背景，选择表示 '激励、促使' 的动词 → 得出答案
28 空 定位空格后的名词 'celebration' 和修饰语 'uniting the environmental movement' → 分析形容词需表达 '全国性的、全国范围的' 之意 → 结合后文 'first Earth Day' 的规模，选择表示 '全国性' 的形容词 → 得出答案
29 空 定位空格前的介词 'in the' 和后文 'of environmental protection' → 分析名词需表达 '重要性、意义' 之意 → 结合 'educating participants' 的语境，选择表示 '重要性' 的名词 → 得出答案
30 空 定位空格后的宾语 'support for legislation' → 分析谓语动词需表达 '引发、产生' 之意 → 结合 'Attended by 20 million people' 的规模，选择表示 '引发、产生' 的动词 → 得出答案
31 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语 'the event' 与宾语 'support' 的动宾搭配 → 结合上下文语境（活动推动了立法） → 得出答案
32 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析 'such...as' 结构 → 识别 'global warming and renewable energy' 为具体环境议题 → 得出答案
33 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析 'rallies more than 20,000 ___ and organizations' 结构 → 识别空格与 'organizations' 并列，指代参与地球日网络的实体 → 得出答案
34 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析 'regardless of race, gender, income, or ___' 并列结构 → 识别空格为与前三者并列的、不应成为享有健康环境权利障碍的个人属性 → 得出答案
35 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语 'The Earth Day Network' 与宾语 'this mission' 的动宾搭配 → 结合状语 'through education, public policy, and activism campaigns' → 得出答案

考点：介词搭配 'throughout the rest of'语境选词近义词辨析动宾搭配举例结构并列结构

译文：题干：地球日在美国于4月22日庆祝，在世界其他地方则于4月22日或春分当天庆祝。正确项：rest（其余部分）

第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分

判断每个陈述源于哪一段。

AAgeism and long-term unemployment are most damaging for those in the second half of their careers. Changing careers is hard. Getting back into work after you've been laid off is even harder. Those over 45 make up the bulk of the long-term unemployed, in America and elsewhere. Hiring managers admit they are reluctant to hire those over 40 or 45, arguing they probably won't be a good "fit," their experience won't be relevant to the workplace, and they'll be unable or unwilling to learn new skills.
BBut the one thing that can really make a difference? More education and training. These are the results from a new study by Generation, a nonprofit founded by former McKinsey consultants. They've just published a global survey on midcareer employment, based on surveys of over 5,000 workers and managers in seven countries.
C"Older midcareer workers ... make up the bulk of the long-term unemployed in many countries," Generation's analysts write in their report. Those over 45 comprise over 40% of the long-term unemployed, for example. And if you're out of work past the age of 45, there's nearly a two in three chance you'll be out of work for over a year, they find. "Midcareer individuals are finding it harder to get jobs," they write. "People age 45+ face persistent and rising pressure in the global job market. They are unemployed for much longer than the average, and their age is indeed one of the greatest barriers to their finding a job."
DA substantial part of this, they report, is "widespread ageism" on the part of hiring managers. Although such managers admit that post-45 hires turn out on average to be just as good as or better than younger workers, they still don't want to hire them. "Hiring managers have a strong perception bias against 45+ job candidates — they believe that members of this age group have poor skills and low adaptability," Generation's analysts report.
EThe survey results are remarkable. Hiring managers are three times as likely to rate job applicants age 35 – 44 as a better "fit" than those over 45. They rate the post-45 job seekers lower on average on all three measures — even experience — than those ages 18 to 34. This is true even though nearly nine managers in 10 also said their post-45 workers were as good as or better than younger employees in the same jobs.
FTheir biggest fears about hiring those over 45? Managers said they worry that older hires will be reluctant to try new technologies, and will be unable to learn new skills. Besides, the majority of hiring managers are under 45 — and seem reluctant to hire people older than themselves.
GBut here's the good news. Older workers who've actively engaged in more education and training relevant to their jobs turn this pretty much on its head. Three-quarters of hiring managers said they'd be more likely to hire an over-45 who had relevant education, training or credentials . Among those over 45 who'd successfully switched careers, 74% said training helped them get their new job.
H"Midcareer switchers overwhelmingly say that training enabled them to shift to a new career path," the analysts write. And when they asked over-45 candidates about their attitudes, they found that "those who are excited by training are unemployed for less time, receive more job offers, and are more satisfied by the job offers they receive."
IHiring managers said training was three times more likely to get them to hire applicants over age 45 than, say, government subsidies . What training are we talking about? Obviously it depends on the job. And, yes, managers are most likely to be impressed by industry qualifications you get in school. These things cost money, and time. But these aren't the only things helpful. Those who had successfully changed careers after 45 told Generation that education and training had been a big help — and that included in-person, on-the-job training, "informal learning," and online courses — with or without certification.
JIf they think we're too old to learn new skills after we're 45, just learning some new skills may have an effect on its own. There's a downside to this. The people least interested in retraining are more likely to come from historically disadvantaged communities, more likely to have low incomes, and are more likely to have the least schooling after getting their high-school diploma or earlier. On average, post-45 job switchers with higher incomes participate in 2.5 training programs each. Those with lower incomes: 0.9 programs on average.
KMany years ago, I wrote about a study which found that employers are much more likely to hire a college graduate who has some work experience in the industry than a college graduate who took the "right" degree. A bank is more likely to hire a literature graduate who spent their summers working in their local bank than a finance or economics graduate who spent their summers surfing or traveling around Italy. They've learned through long experience. The person who worked in the bank is more likely ready, willing and able to be part of the team and do the job from day 1.
LWe can rail against "ageism" all we like. It gets us nowhere. And it's easy to forget that employers, like everyone else, are under time pressure and are just trying to solve problems. Any and all "training," including inexpensive and informal training, is going to help resolve their worries about hiring someone over 45. And it has never been easier or cheaper to gain instruction in new skills, thanks to the internet. Online schools like Udemy and Lynda.com offer sweet deals at sign-up. And courses on YouTube are free.
MBottom line? Yes, it really can be difficult getting a new job after age 45, let alone changing careers. One of the best things we can do to help ourselves is to go online and learn new, relevant skills. Sadly, the people who most need the help are least likely to take it — which raises a challenge for society as a whole. Not only do we not want to see lives go to waste, but we all benefit if more people are working and fewer are unemployed.
1. Hiring managers believe unemployed workers over 45 lack good skills and are less adaptable. （D）
2. Switching to a new career is difficult and getting reemployed after a layoff is even tougher. （A）
3. People from poor neighborhoods tend to have the least interest in retraining. （J）
4. Hiring managers who are not yet 45 years old seem unwilling to hire people their senior. （F）
5. Some analysts find age 45+ jobless workers are most likely to be unemployed for more than a year. （C）
6. People who had succeeded in career change after 45 told a nonprofit organization they owed a great deal to the education and training they had received. （I）
7. Older workers who actively pursue more education and training have a good chance of being hired. （G）
8. A new study finds that more education and training helps midcareer individuals find a new job. （B）
9. Owing to the internet, it is now more convenient than ever to receive training in new skills. （L）
10. People over 45 stimulated by training suffer shorter periods of unemployment, get more job offers and have greater satisfaction in them. （H）
参考答案与解析

答案：1-D　2-A　3-J　4-F　5-C　6-I　7-G　8-B　9-L　10-H

解析：36. 定位题干关键词（Hiring managers, over 45, lack good skills, less adaptable）→ 在段落[D]中找到对应表述（strong perception bias against 45+ job candidates）→ 同义替换（perception bias → believe...lack...are less adaptable）→ 得出答案
37. 定位题干关键词（Switching to a new career, difficult, reemployed after a layoff, tougher）→ 在段落[A]中找到完全对应的表述（Changing careers is hard. Getting back into work after you've been laid off is even harder.）→ 直接匹配 → 得出答案
38. 定位题干关键词（poor neighborhoods, least interest in retraining）→ 在提供的语篇全文中搜索相关表述 → 未找到任何关于‘贫困地区’或‘对再培训兴趣’的讨论 → 判断该信息在语篇中无依据 → 得出答案
39. 定位题干关键词（Hiring managers, not yet 45, unwilling to hire people their senior）→ 在段落[A]和[D]中找到相关表述（Hiring managers admit they are reluctant to hire those over 40 or 45）→ 推理（reluctant to hire those over 40 or 45 意味着他们不愿雇佣比自己年长的人）→ 得出答案
40. 定位题干关键词（analysts, age 45+, unemployed for more than a year）→ 在段落[C]中找到对应表述（if you're out of work past the age of 45, there's nearly a two in three chance you'll be out of work for over a year, they find）→ 同义替换（nearly a two in three chance → most likely）→ 得出答案
41. 定位题干关键词 'owed a great deal to the education and training' → 在段落[B]中找到 'the one thing that can really make a difference? More education and training' → 通过同义替换 'owed a great deal to' 与 'make a difference' 匹配，确定答案为[B]段。
42. 定位题干核心 'actively pursue more education and training have a good chance of being hired' → 在段落[B]中找到 'the one thing that can really make a difference? More education and training' → 结合段落[D]中 'Although such managers admit that post-45 hires turn out on average to be just as good as or better than younger workers' 进行推理，得出教育和培训能帮助克服偏见，增加被雇佣机会。
43. 定位题干关键词 'new study' 和 'more education and training helps' → 在段落[B]中直接找到 'These are the results from a new study... More education and training' → 通过原词复现和直接陈述匹配，确定答案为[B]段。
44. 定位题干核心 'Owing to the internet, it is now more convenient than ever to receive training' → 在提供的段落全文中搜索 'internet'、'convenient'、'online' 等关键词 → 未找到任何直接或间接依据 → 判定为无中生有。
45. 定位题干关键词 'stimulated by training'、'shorter periods of unemployment'、'more job offers'、'greater satisfaction' → 在段落[H]中找到对应的具体数据或结论（如培训后失业期缩短、工作机会增加、满意度提高）→ 通过细节匹配确定答案为[H]段。

考点：细节定位同义替换直接匹配信息缺失判断推理判断细节综合原词匹配信息缺失多要点匹配

译文：题干：招聘经理认为45岁以上的失业工人缺乏良好技能且适应性较差。正确项[D]：招聘经理对45岁以上的求职者存在强烈的认知偏见——他们认为这些人可能不太‘合适’，其经验与工作场所不相关，并且无法或不愿意学习新技能。

第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分

New York's Eleven Madison Park has become the first vegan restaurant to be awarded three Michelin stars. The fine dining establishment received its first three-star Michelin rating in 2011 when the menu was famed for its fancy animal-based dishes. However, last year, the restaurant's co-owner and famous chef, Daniel Humm, made the bold decision to remove meat from the menu, citing our unsustainable food system. While cow milk is still served for tea and coffee, the menu is almost 100 percent vegan. At the time, Humm acknowledged the move was risky, admitting that "it wasn't clear if guests would come", but called the gamble "a risk worth taking." "In view of the climate crisis, I didn't want to open the same restaurant," Humm told the Financial Times in an interview. "If we can show the possibilities of eating plant-based food in this setting, it can open a lot of doors" for others to follow. Now, this impressive new accomplishment validates Eleven Madison Park's decision to take meat off the menu and embrace plant-based foods, with Michelin's 2022 New York guide branding it 'a bold vision of luxury dining'. "We took the jump to transform Eleven Madison Park into a plant-based fine dining restaurant knowing in our hearts this is what we believed in," stated Humm on Instagram. "Last night, we were honored to be awarded three Michelin stars for the 11th year in a row. I am so grateful to the team members who contributed through its nearly 25-year history. We are also grateful to our guests and partners who believed in our vision and encouraged us to push harder." Three Michelin stars is the highest award, given to chefs who are at the peak of their profession. "Their cooking is elevated to an art form and some of their dishes are destined to become classics," reads Michelin's website, in a clear nod to plant-based foods' growing significance in the culinary( ) world. "I think luxury companies have a real role to play and a responsibility," says Humm. "The more creative we are, the more beautiful and delicious our future will be."

46. What do we learn about New York's Eleven Madison Park?
  1. A.It is the first vegan restaurant to receive the highest Michelin rating.
  2. B.It is the first restaurant in the city to remove meat from its menu.
  3. C.It was famed throughout the U.S. for its fancy regional dishes.
  4. D.It was established as a three-star Michelin restaurant in 2011.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位首句 → 提取关键信息 'first vegan restaurant to be awarded three Michelin stars' → 同义替换为 'first vegan restaurant to receive the highest Michelin rating' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：我们从纽约的Eleven Madison Park餐厅了解到什么？正确项：它是第一家获得最高米其林评级的纯素餐厅。

47. Why did Daniel Humm decide to remove meat from the menu of his restaurant?
  1. A.To encourage more customers to be vegan.
  2. B.To contribute to a sustainable food system.
  3. C.To show the appeal of a plant-based menu.
  4. D.To strive for the three-star Michelin rating.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位Humm的直接引语 → 提取 'citing our unsustainable food system' 和 'In view of the climate crisis' → 推理其核心动机是为可持续食品系统做贡献 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断因果关联

译文：题干：Daniel Humm为什么决定从他的餐厅菜单中去除肉类？正确项：为了对可持续的食品系统做出贡献。

48. What did Daniel Humm think of his move to a meat-free menu?
  1. A.It was a worthwhile effort even though he was unsure of its success.
  2. B.It would set a model for many more restaurants to follow.
  3. C.It was a mad gamble few chefs in the fine dining world would risk taking.
  4. D.It would prove a right step to take in today's catering business.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位Humm对决定的评价 → 提取 'acknowledged the move was risky' 和 'called the gamble a risk worth taking' → 同义替换为 'worthwhile effort even though he was unsure' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：Daniel Humm如何看待他转向无肉菜单的决定？正确项：尽管他不确定结果，但这是一次值得的努力。

49. What does Michelin's 2022 New York guide say about Eleven Madison Park's decision?
  1. A.It elevates the restaurant's cooking to an art form.
  2. B.It proves the validity of ratings awarded by Michelin.
  3. C.It shows a daring foresight regarding future fine dining.
  4. D.It is an effort to transform the restaurant into a luxury one.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位米其林指南的评价 → 提取 'branding it a bold vision of luxury dining' → 同义替换为 'shows a daring foresight regarding future fine dining' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：米其林2022年纽约指南如何评价Eleven Madison Park的决定？正确项：它展示了对未来高端餐饮的大胆远见。

50. What does the awarding of three Michelin stars to Eleven Madison Park indicate?
  1. A.An optimistic vision of vegan foods becoming mainstream.
  2. B.A greater responsibility for the culinary world to undertake.
  3. C.A strong incentive for more restaurants to offer healthier foods to their customers.
  4. D.An explicit recognition of the rising importance of restaurants serving vegan foods.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位文章结尾对三星评级意义的阐述 → 提取 'in a clear nod to plant-based foods growing significance in the culinary world' → 推理其表明餐厅在烹饪界重要性的上升 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断指代衔接

译文：题干：授予Eleven Madison Park三星米其林评级表明了什么？正确项：对餐厅在烹饪界日益重要性的明确认可。

With genetic testing becoming increasingly popular, many people are left wondering exactly how accurate it is. Whether you are taking a DNA test to build your extended DNA family tree, or want precise information on inborn health conditions, it is important to understand how accurate genetic tests are, and what information we can rely upon. How accurate DNA tests are relies greatly upon the kind of test being taken, on the specific question you ask, and on how complex the genetics behind a trait is. For example, tests for traits that depend on a single gene provide much more reliable results, because you can see whether a disease-causing trait is present. Ancestry tests claim to reveal our genetic identities. But saying you are 30 percent East Asian or American hardly reflects your real ancestry. What about using DNA tests to discover distant family members? There are tools to compare one's DNA with others' to find distant relatives based on their genetic identification. These kinds of applications are generally accurate. It's relatively easy to tell whether two DNA samples belong to close relatives. With distant relatives, results become hazier. Genetic health tests claim to be able to detect certain hereditary diseases, or other health conditions. While certain rare diseases can be easily identified, most potential health conditions cannot be identified by genetic testing alone. The large majority of our traits and diseases also depend upon non-genetic factors, such as lifestyle, the environment, and many others. Genetic tests for multi-factorial traits are often very tricky to interpret. Height, for example, depends on hundreds of genes, each contributing a little to the outcome, together with a bunch of environmental factors. A test can look at many genes at once, but it's difficult to predict how they will play together. Then you should also account for non-genetic factors that are not written in the DNA. Tests that offer to find your perfect romantic match and those claiming to predict personality or talents based on your DNA are pure nonsense. At the moment, the scientific bases for these applications are non-existent or incredibly weak.

51. What does the passage say is of importance regarding genetic tests?
  1. A.Knowing their accuracy.
  2. B.Evaluating their applicability.
  3. C.Utilizing the information they provide.
  4. D.Weighing the consequences they have.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位首段 → 识别同义替换（understand how accurate → knowing their accuracy） → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：关于基因检测，文章说什么是重要的？正确项：了解它们的准确性。

52. What kind of genetic tests tend to be comparatively reliable?
  1. A.Those complex enough to reveal the genetics behind a trait.
  2. B.Those looking for traits responsible for certain diseases.
  3. C.Those focusing on the specific questions being asked.
  4. D.Those looking for traits determined by a single gene.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位关键词 'reliable' → 定位到 'tests for traits that depend on a single gene provide much more reliable results' → 同义替换（single gene → determined by a single gene） → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：哪种基因检测往往相对可靠？正确项：那些寻找由单个基因决定的性状的检测。

53. What do we learn about genetic health tests from the passage?
  1. A.They are unable to identify certain hereditary diseases by themselves.
  2. B.They are generally unable to separate genetic and non-genetic factors.
  3. C.They cannot independently identify the majority of potential diseases.
  4. D.They cannot tell apart the impact of lifestyle and that of the environment.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位 'genetic health tests' → 定位到 'most potential health conditions cannot be identified by genetic testing alone' → 同义替换（most → majority, cannot be identified by... alone → cannot independently identify） → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：关于基因健康检测，我们从文章中了解到什么？正确项：它们无法独立识别大多数潜在的健康状况。

54. What makes genetic tests for multi-factorial traits tricky to interpret?
  1. A.The challenge in determining the role of each individual gene.
  2. B.The difficulty of foretelling how the various genes will interact.
  3. C.The difficulty of telling genetic factors from environmental ones.
  4. D.The enormous work to identify the hundreds of genes involved.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位 'multi-factorial traits' 和 'tricky to interpret' → 定位到 'it's difficult to predict how they will play together' → 同义替换（play together → interact） → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：是什么使得多因素性状的基因检测难以解释？正确项：预测各种基因将如何相互作用的困难。

55. What does the passage say about DNA tests to predict personality or talents?
  1. A.They are solid scientific bases for application.
  2. B.They are helpful in finding a romantic match.
  3. C.They do not look promising at the moment.
  4. D.They do not make any sense at present.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位 'predict personality or talents' → 定位到 'pure nonsense' 和 'scientific bases... are non-existent or incredibly weak' → 同义替换（pure nonsense → do not make any sense） → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：关于预测性格或才能的DNA检测，文章说了什么？正确项：它们目前没有任何意义。

第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分

Directions: Suppose your university is organizing a forum on how students can make the best use of on-campus resources for academic development. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

词数要求：120–180 词 · 107 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

On-campus resources are a treasure that too many students overlook. In my view, actively making use of these facilities is one of the smartest ways to boost our academic development. There are several practical steps we can take. First, we should visit the library and its online databases regularly, since they offer academic papers and books that turn a rough idea into a well-supported argument. Moreover, we ought to consult professors during their office hours, because a ten-minute talk often clears up confusion that hours of self-study cannot. In addition, attending academic lectures and joining study groups exposes us to fresh perspectives and keeps our motivation high. In short, the campus is full of tools waiting to be used. Only by taking the initiative to utilize them can we truly grow as learners and get the most out of our university years.

第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分

中国政府十分重视绿色经济的发展。通过加强森林资源保护、加大污染治理力度等一系列措施,许多地区的生态环境得到了显著改善。绿水青山 (lucid waters and lush mountains) 促进了当地的旅游、健康等产业的发展,创造了可观的经济效益。如今,生态环境与人类社会和谐共存的观念在中国已深入人心。绿色经济的推进不仅能为中国可持续发展做出贡献,也为全球环境保护提供了宝贵经验。

107 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of the green economy. Through a series of measures such as strengthening forest resource protection and intensifying pollution control, the ecological environment in many regions has improved remarkably. Lucid waters and lush mountains have promoted the development of local industries such as tourism and health care, generating considerable economic benefits. Today, the idea that ecology and human society can coexist in harmony has taken deep root in China. The promotion of the green economy not only contributes to China's sustainable development but also provides valuable experience for global environmental protection.

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