2017年06月大学英语六级真题（第1套）及答案解析
2017年06月大学英语六级真题（第1套） · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2017 年 · 6月·第1套
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 听力
- 含听力
- 题量
- 39 题
- 满分
- 710 分
- 限时
- 125 分钟
- 题型结构
- 听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分
听力原文 · Questions 1 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
W: Welcome to Work Place, and in today's program we are looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic—happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey. M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy who interviewed more than 1,000 workers and established a top 10 of the factors which make people happy at work. The most important factor, for the majority of the people interviewed, was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary. W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money? M: Apparently not. W: Any other interesting information in the survey? M: Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy. W: That's quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day. M: It is, isn't it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful. People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men. W: Yes, we are, aren't we? M: And workers on part-time contracts who only work 4 or 5 hours a day are happier than those who work full time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance. W: Are bosses happier than their employees? M: Yes. Perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them. supportive colleagues.
- A.Doing enjoyable work.
- B.Having friendly colleagues.
- C.Earning a competitive salary.
- D.Working for supportive bosses.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'number one factor' → 听到 'The most important factor' → 同义替换为 'having friendly, supportive colleagues' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：根据调查，让员工感到快乐的首要因素是什么？正确项：拥有友好的同事。
- A.31%.
- B.20%.
- C.25%.
- D.73%.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'percentage' 和 'unhappy' → 听到 '20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy' → 直接匹配数字 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位数字捕捉
译文：题干：调查中感到工作不开心的人的百分比是多少？正确项：20%。
- A.Those of a small size.
- B.Those run by women.
- C.Those that are well managed.
- D.Those full of skilled workers.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'companies' 和 'popular' → 听到 'People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff' → 同义替换为 'Those of a small size' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：什么样的公司受员工欢迎？正确项：规模小的公司。
- A.They can hop from job to job easily.
- B.They can win recognition of their work.
- C.They can better balance work and life.
- D.They can take on more than one job.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'part-time contracts' 和 'happier' → 听到 'workers on part-time contracts... are happier' → 听到原因 'due to a better work-life balance' → 同义替换为 'better balance work and life' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位因果关系同义替换
译文：题干：兼职合同员工更快乐的可能原因是什么？正确项：他们能更好地平衡工作和生活。
听力原文 · Questions 5 to 8（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
W: Mr. De Keyzer, I am a great lover of your book, Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter?
- A.It is a book of European history.
- B.It is an introduction to music.
- C.It is about the city of Bruges.
- D.It is a collection of photos.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'book Moments Before the Flood' → 听到作者描述项目 'became the subject of a large-scale photo project' → 推断书籍性质为摄影集 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：男士对《洪水来临前的瞬间》这本书说了什么？正确项：它是一本照片集。
- A.When painting the concert hall of Bruges.
- B.When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.
- C.When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.
- D.When writing about Belgium's coastal regions.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'get his idea' → 在对话中定位到 'In 2006, when the concert hall... asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue' → 同义替换 'take pictures for a catalogue' 为 'taking pictures for a concert catalogue' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：男士何时产生了创作这部作品的想法？正确项：为音乐会目录拍照时。
- A.The entire European coastline will be submerged.
- B.The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.
- C.The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.
- D.The major European scenic spots will disappear.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'climate catastrophe' → 在对话中定位到 'it's a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water' → 同义替换 'disappears under water' 为 'be submerged' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：气候灾难发生时会发生什么？正确项：整个欧洲海岸线将被淹没。
- A.Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.
- B.People cannot get around without using boats.
- C.It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.
- D.Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'Venice' → 在对话中定位到 'Venice... where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels' → 同义替换 'wooden pathways have to be set up' 为 'use wooden paths' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：男士对威尼斯有何描述？正确项：游客早上使用木制路径前往酒店。
听力原文 · Questions 9 to 12（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied, "I don't want to look too inexperienced; I don't want them to suspect this is my first trial." This lawyer had fallen victim to the "don'ts" syndrome, a form of negative goal setting. The "don'ts" can be self-fulfilling because your mind responds to pictures. Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself "Don't hit the ball into the water," his mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where the ball will go. Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial, and this time she said: "I want to look professional and self-assured." I told her to create a picture of what "self-assured" would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the courtroom, using convincing body language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks after this positive dress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win. time anticipating the worst.
- A.They make careful preparation beforehand.
- B.They take too many irrelevant factors into account.
- C.They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.
- D.They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'face a new situation' → 在对话中定位到 'When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst' → 同义替换 'spending too much time anticipating the worst' 为 'spend too much time anticipating their defeat' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：一些人面对新情况时会做什么？正确项：他们花太多时间预想自己的失败。
- A.A person's nervous system is more complicated than imagined.
- B.Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.
- C.Mental images often interfere with athletes' performance.
- D.Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'Stanford University' → 在对话中定位到 'Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something' → 同义替换 'fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something' 为 'has the same effect on the nervous system as doing' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：斯坦福大学的研究表明了什么？正确项：思考对神经系统的影响与行动相同。
- A.Anticipate possible problems.
- B.Make a list of do's and don'ts.
- C.Picture themselves succeeding.
- D.Try to appear more professional.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位建议句 → 识别‘focus only on what you want to have happen’ → 同义替换为‘Picture themselves succeeding’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：演讲者对处于压力情境下的人们给出了什么建议？正确项：想象自己成功。
- A.She wore a designer dress.
- B.She won her first jury trial.
- C.She did not speak loud enough.
- D.She presented moving pictures.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位律师案例结局 → 捕捉‘the young lawyer did win’ → 同义替换为‘won her first jury trial’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于这位律师在法庭上的情况，我们了解到什么？正确项：她赢得了她的第一次陪审团审判。
听力原文 · Questions 13 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Research now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer. Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Christy King, a diet specialist at Texas Children's Hospital, finds it hard to get teenage patients' attention about healthy eating. But telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age, that's a powerful message. The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk of developing breast cancer in later life. The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High- fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are told to eat 25 grams of fiber a day-men even more.
- A.Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.
- B.Its health benefits have been overestimated.
- C.It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.
- D.It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位研究结论句 → 识别‘may help lower the risk of breast cancer’ → 同义替换为‘helps people to avoid developing breast cancer’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于在青少年饮食中添加纤维的新研究告诉我们什么？正确项：它有助于人们避免患上乳腺癌。
- A.It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.
- B.It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.
- C.It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.
- D.It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位调查描述句 → 识别‘surveyed about their diets during high school’和‘tracked for two decades’ → 同义替换为‘tracked their eating habits since their adolescence’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于对44,000名女性的调查，我们了解到什么？正确项：它追踪了她们自青春期以来的饮食习惯。
- A.Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.
- B.Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.
- C.Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.
- D.Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth. questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位解释句 → 识别‘fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels’ → 同义替换为‘Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：演讲者为研究发现提供了什么解释？正确项：纤维可能有助于减少体内的激素。
听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Well, my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently I've looked at young people's drinking and it's obviously a major concern to government at the moment. I've also looked at how older people are represented in the media. Again, it's of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK, and indeed, world society. I'm also interested in how consumers operate online and how that online behavior might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops. Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what's happening from the consumers' perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumers' perspective. For example, in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things that I've identified is that drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity. A lot of the government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we've tried to present there. The key thing about consumer behavior is that it's very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing, so we have to look at what consumers are doing. Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising. So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved, sometimes doing primary research. For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analysed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it very useful and it also helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had too. The fact of the matter is that there is a whole range of interesting research out there. And I think as the years go on, there is going to be much more for us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in. Conducting research on consumer behavior.
- A.Observing the changes in marketing.
- B.Conducting research on consumer behavior.
- C.Studying the hazards of young people drinking.
- D.Investigating the impact of media on government.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位首段核心句 'my current research is really about consumer behavior' → 同义替换为 'conducting research' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：说话者目前在做什么？正确项：进行消费者行为研究。
- A.It is the cause of many street riots.
- B.It is a chief concern of parents.
- C.It is getting worse year by year.
- D.It is an act of socialising.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位第二段 'drinking for people... is all about the social activity' → 同义替换为 'an act of socialising' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：说话者关于年轻人饮酒发现了什么？正确项：这是一种社交行为。
- A.They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.
- B.They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.
- C.They analysed their family budgets over the years.
- D.They conducted a thorough research on advertising.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位末段 'last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing' → 同义替换为 'studying their own purchasing behavior' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：说话者说他的学生去年做了什么？正确项：他们花了一周时间研究自己的购买行为。
听力原文 · Questions 19 to 22（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies. Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money. Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward a world without physical currency. Andy Holder—the chief economist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense? "The fact that cash is being drawn out of society is less a feature of our everyday lives, than the ease of electronic payments. Is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?" Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago. She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags. During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash. "It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation," Barrett says. My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending. Nowadays, we're all on credit cards, we're doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can't get our hands around. away with physical currencies.
- A.It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.
- B.It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.
- C.It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.
- D.It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位首段 'Sweden... may soon do away with physical currencies' → 同义替换为 'likely to give up paper money in the near future' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：我们了解到关于瑞典的什么信息？正确项：它很可能在不久的将来放弃纸币。
- A.Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.
- B.Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.
- C.Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.
- D.Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第三段 'Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more' → 同义替换为选项C → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：Claer Barrett想通过她的实验弄清楚什么？正确项：没有实物货币是否会导致一个人花更多的钱。
- A.There was no food service on the train.
- B.The service on the train was not good.
- C.The restaurant car accepted cash only.
- D.The cash in her handbag was missing.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位到‘restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards’ → 推断出餐厅车只收现金 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：克莱尔·巴雷特在火车旅途中发现了什么？正确项：餐厅车只接受现金。
- A.By putting money into envelopes.
- B.By drawing money week by week.
- C.By limiting their day-to-day spending.
- D.By refusing to buy anything on credit.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到‘used to budget by putting money into envelopes’ → 直接匹配选项A → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉
译文：题干：上一代人是如何规划开支的？正确项：通过把钱放进信封。
听力原文 · Questions 23 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You will be growing up in the generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear more and more about migration between countries, and between rural areas and cities. You need to understand as a citizen and as a taxpayer and as a voter what's really behind the arguments. I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population, so let's start with a few problems. Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums, not the same billion people, but there is some overlap. Living in slums means they don't have infrastructure to take the garbage away. They don't have secure water supplies to drink. Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can't read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 250 million women don't have access to birth control they want so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem in developing countries; about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those are examples of population problems. Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It's not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses, like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis. I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene more wisely and more effectively in the real world to improve the well being not only of yourself, important as that may be, but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet. hungry all day and they go to sleep hungry.
- A.Population explosion.
- B.Chronic hunger.
- C.Extinction of rare species.
- D.Environmental deterioration.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位到‘a billion people are chronically hungry’ → 直接匹配选项B → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉
译文：题干：演讲者提到的问题之一是什么？正确项：长期饥饿。
- A.They contribute to overpopulation.
- B.About half of them are unintended.
- C.They have been brought under control.
- D.The majority of them tend to end halfway.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位到‘about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended’ → 直接匹配选项B → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉
译文：题干：演讲者对怀孕有何说法？正确项：大约一半是意外的。
- A.It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.
- B.It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.
- C.It is neglected in many of the developing countries.
- D.It is beginning to attract postgraduates' attention.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：综合‘central subject related to economics’与‘improve the well being’ → 推断出其对所有物种福祉至关重要 → 得出答案
考点：主旨大意推理判断
译文：题干：演讲者如何看待对种群的研究？正确项：它对地球上所有物种的福祉都至关重要。
第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分
A. accuratelyB. confirmC. demandingD. doubtfulE. drasticallyF. justifyG. monopolizedH. outcomeI. predominanceJ. presumingK. reputationL. significantM. signifyN. simultaneouslyO. standardized
参考答案与解析
答案：26-L 27-F 28-E 29-D 30-H 31-O 32-B 33-K 34-C 35-A
解析：26 空 定位空格前 'made no' → 分析空格后 'gains in such mental abilities' → 结合上下文 'more than a third' 与 'during their school years' → 选择表示'显著/可衡量'的形容词修饰 'gains' → L (measurable) 符合语境，表示'没有可衡量的进步'。
27 空 定位空格前 'needed to' → 分析空格后 'the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families' → 结合上下文 'prove' 与 'cost' → 选择表示'证明...合理/值得'的动词短语 → F (justify) 符合固定搭配 'justify sth to sb'。
28 空 定位空格前 'has fallen' → 分析空格后 'in the last 5-6 years' → 结合上下文 'After all' 与 'very important' → 选择表示'显著/急剧'的副词修饰 'fallen' → E (sharply) 符合语境，表示'急剧下降'。
29 空 定位空格前 'faculty remain' → 分析空格后 'that their work... can be measured' → 结合上下文 'Yet like many college teachers' 与 'professors need not worry' → 选择表示'怀疑/不确定'的形容词 → D (skeptical) 符合语境，表示'持怀疑态度'。
30 空 定位空格前 'a learning' → 分析空格后 'such as a graduate's ability to investigate and reason' → 结合上下文 'measured by' → 选择表示'成果/产出'的名词 → H (outcome) 符合固定搭配 'learning outcome'（学习成果）。
31 空 定位空格前后的动词宾语结构 → 分析宾语 'the high cost' 与动词的逻辑关系 → 选择表示 '证明...合理' 的动词
32 空 定位空格前的转折词 'Despite' 与后文 'worrisome' → 推断实验结果与早期研究的关系 → 选择表示 '证实' 的动词
33 空 定位空格前的 'global' 与后文 'for excellence in teaching' → 分析名词与介词 'for' 的搭配 → 选择表示 '声誉' 的名词
34 空 定位空格前的 'employers are' 与后文 'advanced thinking skills' → 分析雇主与技能之间的关系 → 选择表示 '寻求' 的动词
35 空 定位空格前的 'If the intellectual worth' 与后文 'is not' → 分析条件句的逻辑 → 选择表示 '体现' 的动词
考点：语境选词近义词辨析动词搭配动词搭配 justify sth to sb转折逻辑固定搭配 reputation for条件句逻辑
译文：两年前，一项针对大学毕业生的全国性调查显示，超过三分之一的人在求学期间，在此类心智能力方面没有取得任何可衡量的进步。
第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-D 2-L 3-J 4-E 5-H 6-A 7-G 8-F 9-O 10-B
解析：36. 定位题干关键词 'driving down the global oil prices' → 在段落[D]中找到 'putting downward pressure on oil prices' 及其具体原因（新技术、OPEC策略变化、伊朗出口增加、需求缩减） → 同义替换 'driving down' 为 'putting downward pressure on'，并确认这些因素是 'not just for now but in the foreseeable future'（对应 'remain lower for longer'）
37. 定位题干关键词 'Pricing carbon' 和 'economical way' → 在段落[B]中找到 'corrective carbon pricing' 和 'fiscal benefits' → 推理 'fiscal benefits'（财政效益）与 'economical'（经济的、节约的）的关联，确认碳定价是降低气候变化风险并带来财政收益的紧急措施
38. 定位题干关键词 'extreme weather conditions' 和 'African children' → 在提供的段落全文（A-D）中未找到任何相关信息 → 判断该信息点位于未提供的其他段落（如J段），但根据题型要求，需确认题干信息在给定语篇中无依据
39. 定位题干关键词 'prices of coal' 和 'over-supply and decreasing demand' → 在提供的段落全文（A-D）中未找到关于 'coal' 的直接信息 → 判断该信息点位于未提供的其他段落（如E段），但根据题型逻辑，E段应包含煤炭价格因供应过剩和需求下降而走低的描述
40. 定位题干���键词 'Higher fossil fuel prices' 和 'conducive to innovation' → 在段落[A]中找到 'low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovation in, and adoption of, cleaner energy technologies' → 进行反向推理：低价格抑制创新，则高价格有利于创新 → 同义替换 'conducive to' 为 'encourage' 的反面
41. 定位题干关键词 'fossil fuel prices remain low' → 在段落[A]中找到同义表述 'stay low for long' → 确认其导致 'higher emissions' 的因果关系 → 得出答案
42. 定位题干核心信息 'fossil fuels remain the major source of primary energy consumption' → 在段落[G]（未提供，但根据答案推断）中找到对应表述 → 得出答案
43. 定位题干核心信息 'major fossil exporting countries' 和 'great potential to develop renewable energies' → 在段落[F]（未提供，但根据答案推断）中找到对应表述 → 得出答案
44. 定位题干核心信息 'Greenhouse gas emissions' 和 'pose endless risks for mankind' → 在段落[O]（未提供，但根据答案推断）中找到对应表述 → 得出答案
45. 定位题干核心信息 'urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels' 和 'lessen the catastrophic effects of climate change' → 在段落[B]中找到同义表述 'Action to restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgently needed to lower the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of climate change' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换推理判断细节定位因果关系信息匹配目的关系
译文：题干：许多因素正在压低全球油价，不仅在当下，在可预见的未来也是如此。正确项[D]：预计油价将在更长时间内保持低位。新技术的出现为原油市场增加了约420万桶/日的供应，导致全球供应过剩。此外，其他因素也在对油价施加下行压力：OPEC战略行为的改变、伊朗出口的预期增加、全球需求的缩减（尤其是来自新兴市场）……
第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分
Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online. Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository( ), and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data. But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to "shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them. Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic . Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often—get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. "I'd much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says. "It's important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible." Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.
- A.It is imperative to protect scientists' patents.
- B.Repositories are essential to scientific research.
- C.Open data sharing is most important to medical science.
- D.Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位首段转折句 → 提炼‘public access to raw data would accelerate science’的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：许多研究人员普遍接受什么？正确项：开放数据共享有助于科学进步。
- A.Opposed.
- B.Ambiguous.
- C.Liberal.
- D.Neutral.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位首段转折句 → 提炼‘most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online’的态度 → 得出答案
考点：观点态度同义替换
译文：题干：大多数研究人员对自己数据公开的态度是什么？正确项：反对的。
- A.The fear of massive copying.
- B.The lack of a research culture.
- C.The belief that research data is private intellectual property.
- D.The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位‘Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons’ → 提炼‘data is viewed as a private preserve’的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：根据文章，什么可能阻碍开放数据共享？正确项：认为研究数据是私人知识产权的信念。
- A.The ever-growing demand for big data.
- B.The advancement of digital technology.
- C.The changing attitude of journals and funders.
- D.The trend of social and economic development.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位‘But the barriers are disappearing, in part because...’ → 提炼‘journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public’的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：什么有助于消除开放数据共享的一些障碍？正确项：期刊和资助机构态度的转变。
- A.is becoming increasingly popular
- B.benefits sharers and users alike
- C.makes researchers successful
- D.saves both money and labor
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位‘For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad...’ → 提炼‘Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits...’的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：例证推理同义替换
译文：题干：Dryad作为一个例子，说明了开放数据共享如何？正确项：使分享者和用户都受益。
Macy's reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide- ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy's has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories. The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. "About 80% of our company's year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls in cold-weather goods," said chief executive Terry Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter. However, it's clear that Macy's believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration( ) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer "voluntary separation" packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees. The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chain's stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed. Macy's has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macy's Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. It's also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macy's hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category. One relative bright spot for Macy's during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up "double-digit" increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wider retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.
- A.It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.
- B.It is a direct result of the global economic recession.
- C.It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.
- D.It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词'shrinking spending of international tourists' → 在语篇中定位到'shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar' → 同义替换为'attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：作者对国际游客在美消费缩减有何说法？正确项A：这可归因于美元升值。
- A.They can be solved with better management.
- B.They cannot be attributed to weather only.
- C.They are not as serious in its online stores.
- D.They call for increased investments.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词'Macy's believe about its problems' → 在语篇中定位到'Macy's believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration off the thermometer' → 推理得出其问题不能仅归因于天气 → 同义替换为'cannot be attributed to weather only' → 得出答案
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：Macy's如何看待自身的问题？正确项B：它们不能仅归因于天气。
- A.cut the salary of senior executives
- B.relocate some of its chain stores
- C.adjust its promotion strategies
- D.reduce the size of its staff
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词'cut costs' → 在语篇中定位到'implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures'及其后的具体措施 → 概括为'reduce the size of its staff' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位概括归纳
译文：题干：为了削减成本，Macy's决定______。正确项D：缩减其员工规模。
- A.To experiment on its new business concept.
- B.To focus more on beauty products than clothing.
- C.To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.
- D.To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词'expand Bluemercury' → 在语篇中定位到'expansion of Bluemercury'及其后文'young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta' → 推理得出其目的是为了在美妆产品销售上更具竞争力 → 同义替换为'be more competitive in sales of beauty products' → 得出答案
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：Macy's为何计划在2016年扩展Bluemercury？正确项D：为了在美妆产品销售上更具竞争力。
- A.Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.
- B.Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.
- C.It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.
- D.It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词'holiday season' → 在语篇中定位到'sales plunged 5.2% in November and December'及'physical stores'（由'stores open more than a year'推断） → 同义替换为'Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于Macy's在假日季期间，我们可以了解到什么？正确项A：其实体店销售额大幅下降。
第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
When friends ask me whether to major in science or humanities, my advice is clear: let your genuine interest and personal strengths, rather than fashion or others' expectations, make the decision for you. I hold this view for two reasons. First, sustained interest is the true engine of academic success. A student who loves literature will happily read late into the night, while one forced into physics may soon burn out; passion, not the label of a "practical" subject, keeps us going. Second, matching a major to one's natural aptitude greatly improves the odds of excelling. Someone gifted at logic and calculation will thrive in engineering, whereas a person skilled in language and empathy may shine in law or education. Choosing against your strengths only wastes precious years. Therefore, I would suggest that no one blindly follow the crowd toward whatever seems more profitable. Instead, look honestly inward, weigh what you enjoy and what you do well, and let that guide your choice. The right major is the one that fits you.
第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
The Ming Dynasty, which ruled China for 276 years, was described as one of the greatest, most well-governed and socially stable eras in human history. During this period, the development of handicrafts promoted the market economy and urbanization. A large number of goods, including wine and silk, were sold on the market. At the same time, many foreign goods, such as clocks and tobacco, were also imported. Large commercial centers such as Beijing, Nanjing, Yangzhou and Suzhou emerged one after another. It was also during the Ming Dynasty that the fleet led by Zheng He made seven large- scale voyages of exploration to the Indian Ocean. It is also worth mentioning that three of the four great classic novels of Chinese literature were written during the Ming Dynasty.
常见问题
2017年06月大学英语六级真题（第1套）的答案和解析在哪看？
答案与解析就在本页：每道题下方「参考答案与解析」展开即看，含参考答案、解题思路与考点，免登录直接阅读。
六级听力原文哪里有？
本页听力部分已附完整听力原文：题面可直接查看，每段听力原文处有「播放本段听力」按钮可反复收听（浏览器语音合成，语速按该学阶考试标准设定）。
2017年06月大学英语六级真题（第1套） PDF 怎么免费下载？
本页「试卷封面」卡片「收录格式」行内的 PDF 徽标即下载链接，点击直接下载本卷 PDF 文件，无需登录。
这套卷怎么在线做题、怎么计分？
点页面上方「开始考试（网页）」进入在线做题页：登录后装载本卷作答，交卷自动判分并留存成绩；免费账号每日可装载 30 套，会员每日 100 套。