2017年12月大学英语六级真题（第1套）及答案解析
2017年12月大学英语六级真题（第1套） · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2017 年 · 12月·第1套
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 听力
- 含听力
- 题量
- 39 题
- 满分
- 710 分
- 限时
- 125 分钟
- 题型结构
- 听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分
听力原文 · Questions 1 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
M: And now, for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste. W: That's right, John. This week, the Italian government passed legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country. New laws have been put into place that would make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need. M: Yes, in addition to this, businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste. W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste. M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations. W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United States, up to 40% of all food goes uneaten, despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food. One major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government. M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on lawmakers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a spokesperson from Harvard University's Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let's welcome Professor Edward Baker to speak to us. donate unsold foods to those who are in need.
- A.they reward businesses that eliminate food waste.
- B.they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stale.
- C.they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy.
- D.they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位女士关于意大利新法的描述 → 识别 'make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need' → 同义替换为 'facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：女士对意大利新法律有何评论？正确项：它们促进了将未售出食品捐赠给需要的人。
- A.it imposed penalties on businesses that waste food.
- B.it passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.
- C.it voted against food import from outside Europe.
- D.it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位女士关于欧洲议会的描述 → 识别 'voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction' → 同义替换为 'passed a law aiming to stop overproduction' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：欧洲议会为减少食物浪费做了什么？正确项：它通过了一项旨在阻止过度生产的法律。
- A.it has warned its people against possible food shortages.
- B.it has warned its people against possible food shortages.
- C.it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.
- D.it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位男士关于法国政府的描述 → 识别 'the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods' → 同义替换为 'banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：法国政府最近做了什么？正确项：它禁止超市丢弃可食用食品。
- A.the confusion over food expiration labels.
- B.the surplus resulting from overproduction.
- C.Americans' habit of buying food in bulk.
- D.a lack of regulation on food consumption.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位女士关于美国食物浪费原因的描述 → 识别 'One major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels' → 直接匹配选项 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位直接匹配
译文：题干：美国食物浪费的主要原因是什么？正确项：对食品保质期标签的混淆。
听力原文 · Questions 5 to 8（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
M: Thank you for calling Saks Fifth Avenue Department Store. How can I be of assistance to you today? W: Hello, I was in your store this past weekend and bought a few items. Yesterday, my friend told me that the annual anniversary sales had begun. It turned out she bought the same sweater as I did, but for a much lower price. M: Yes. Our anniversary sales started on Monday. We do offer price adjustments within 7 days of purchase to ensure our customers' satisfaction. You said you did the purchase here this past weekend? W: Yes. I was shopping in your store last Sunday afternoon. M: That would definitely fall within the price adjustment window. Do you have an account with us? We can credit your account directly with the difference if you wish. Otherwise, we can send a gift card by mail if you prefer. W: Crediting my account would be wonderful. Thank you. Now that you mention there is a sale going on, I do remember a dress I quite liked when I was in the shop on Sunday. Is it on offer as well? M: Yes, ma'am. All the new arrivals are fifteen to twenty percent off. In addition to the sale, we are running a promotion for complimentary tailoring if you need it. W: That's good news. The dress really caught my eye but I did have some concerns about the length. How long will the alterations take? M: Our tailoring department guarantees alterations to be completed within 5 working days. If you'd like, I can set one aside for you. If you are able to come this afternoon, you can give your name to the sales manager and they will be able to assist you.
- A.it has started a week-long promotion campaign.
- B.it has just launched its annual anniversary sales.
- C.it offers regular weekend sales all the year round.
- D.it specializes in the sale of ladies' designer dresses.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位店员关于促销活动的描述 → 识别 'Our anniversary sales started on Monday' → 同义替换为 'just launched its annual anniversary sales' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：我们了解到Saks百货商店的什么信息？正确项：它刚刚开始了其一年一度的周年庆促销。
- A.price reductions for its frequent customers.
- B.coupons for customers with bulk purchases.
- C.free delivery of purchases for senior customers.
- D.price adjustments within seven days of purchase.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位店员首次介绍服务 → 识别 'price adjustments within 7 days' 与选项 D 的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：男士说Saks百货商店提供什么服务？正确项：购买后七天内进行价格调整。
- A.Mail a gift card to her.
- B.Allow her to buy on credit.
- C.Credit it to her account.
- D.Give her some coupons.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位女士对店员提供两种解决方案的回应 → 识别 'Crediting my account would be wonderful' 为最终选择 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位指代与选择
译文：题干：女士希望商店如何解决价格差异问题？正确项：将差价记入她的账户。
- A.refunding for goods returned.
- B.free installing of appliances.
- C.prolonged goods warranty.
- D.complimentary tailoring. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位店员介绍促销活动附加服务 → 识别 'complimentary tailoring' 与选项 D 的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：除了促销活动，Saks百货商店还提供什么服务？正确项：免费裁剪服务。
听力原文 · Questions 9 to 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Barbie dolls have a particular look to them. They're thin, tall, long-legged ... and virtually unlike any real human being. Although over the years Barbie has had more than 180 different careers—including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, president and astronaut—her body shape hasn't changed much. Last year Mattel, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures. There are now Barbies with one of seven skin tones, 22 eye colours and 24 hair styles to choose from. Last year Mattel also gave Barbie a flat foot, rather than forcing her to be "in heels" all the time like the original Barbie is. Now they are introducing new Barbies with three slightly different body shapes, while the original, tall and thin Barbies will continue to be sold. In a statement on its website, the company says it wants Barbies to look more like real people, and to give "girls everywhere ... infinitely more ways to spark their imagination and play out their stories." Although many people say the new Barbies are a step in the right direction, some people say they don't go far enough. They say that the new body shapes could be even more different from the original, tall, thin Barbies. Sales of Barbie dolls have been falling "every year since 2012," according to CBC News. The toys aren't in stores yet but they will be sold online at the Barbie website, starting this week, for $9.99. long-legged ...
- A.they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.
- B.they have more than twenty different hair textures.
- C.they have twenty-four different body shapes in total.
- D.they represent people from virtually all walks of life.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位描述原版芭比娃娃外形的句子 → 识别 'thin, tall, long-legged ... and virtually unlike any real human being' 与选项 A 的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于原版芭比娃娃，我们知道什么？正确项：她们瘦高、腿长，不像真实的人类。
- A.they do not reflect young girls' aspirations.
- B.they are not sold together with the original.
- C.their flat feet do not appeal to adolescents.
- D.their body shapes have not changed much.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位表达不满的句子 → 识别 'they don't go far enough' 及其解释 'the new body shapes could be even more different from the original' → 推断出不满原因是体型变化不够大 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断细节定位
译文：题干：为什么有些人对新款芭比娃娃不满意？正确项：她们的体型没有多大改变。
- A.in toy stores
- B.in shopping malls.
- C.on the internet
- D.at Barbie shops
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位关键句 'The toys aren't in stores yet but they will be sold online at the Barbie website' → 同义替换 'online' 为 'on the internet' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：新款芭比娃娃将首先在哪里销售？正确项：在网上。
听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
The earliest printed book we know today appeared in China in the year 868, and metal type was in use in Korea at the beginning of the fifteenth century, but it was in Germany around the year 1450 that a printing press using movable metal type was invented. Capitalism turned printing from an invention into an industry. Right from the start, book printing and publishing were organized on capitalist lines. The biggest sixteenth-century printer, Plantin of Antwerp, had twenty-four printing presses and employed more than a hundred workers. Only a small fraction of the population was literate, but the production of books grew at an extraordinary speed. By 1500 some twenty million volumes had already been printed. The immediate effect of printing was to increase the circulation of works that were already popular in a handwritten form, while less popular works went out of circulation. Publishers were interested only in books that would sell fairly quickly in sufficient numbers to cover the costs of production and make a profit. Thus, while printing enormously increased access to books by making cheap, high-volume production possible, it also reduced choice. The great cultural impact of printing was that it facilitated the growth of national languages. Most early books were printed in Latin, but the market for Latin was limited, and in its pursuit of larger markets the book trade soon produced translations into the national languages emerging at the time. Printing indeed played a key role in standardizing and stabilizing these languages by fixing them in print, and producing dictionaries and grammar books. was invented.
- A.moveable metal type began to be used in printing
- B.Chinese printing technology was first introduced
- C.The earliest known book was published
- D.metal type was imported from Korea
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位关键句 'it was in Germany around the year 1450 that a printing press using movable metal type was invented' → 同义替换 'invented' 为 'began to be used' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：大约在1450年，德国发生了什么？正确项：可移动金属活字开始用于印刷。
- A.it had more than a hundred printing presses.
- B.it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.
- C.it helped the German people become literate.
- D.it produced some 20 million volumes in total
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位关键句 'The biggest sixteenth-century printer, Plantin of Antwerp, had twenty-four printing presses and employed more than a hundred workers' → 同义替换 'biggest' 为 'the biggest printer' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于安特卫普的普朗坦印刷厂，说话者说了什么？正确项：它是16世纪最大的印刷厂。
- A.it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.
- B.it boosted the circulation of popular works.
- C.it made writing a very profitable career.
- D.it provided readers with more choices.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位关键句 'The immediate effect of printing was to increase the circulation of works that were already popular' → 同义替换 'increase the circulation' 为 'boosted the circulation' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：印刷术的直接效果是什么？正确项：它促进了流行作品的流通。
- A.it accelerated the extinction of the Latin language.
- B.it standardized the publication of grammar books.
- C.turned translation into a welcome profession.
- D.it promoted the growth of national languages questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位关键句 'The great cultural impact of printing was that it facilitated the growth of national languages' → 同义替换 'facilitated the growth' 为 'promoted the growth' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：印刷术的重大文化影响是什么？正确项：它促进了民族语言的发展。
听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
You dream about being a movie star. You'll live in a big house in Hollywood, go to the Oscars every year—and win! You'll be rich and famous. Wait a minute, you also hate having your photo taken, and you're very shy, so how could you ever become a movie star? Choosing the right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what to do with their lives, and get a job without really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine, but others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. Your working life lasts an average of forty years, so it's important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about. Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website, www.careersonline.com, compares choosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. The site suggests you should do the same with your career—find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best. If you're not a romantic person, you won't want to see a love story. In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets, and find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work, and how to get a job in that profession. So, how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions. Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences: Have you traveled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree, such as a first aid license, for example? Your physical state and build can also affect which jobs you can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats would probably never become an animal doctor. Flight attendants, firefighters, and police officers have to be over a certain height, and be physically fit. Your personality matters, too. Are you outgoing or shy? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you. Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. However, when you know you can look forward to working in your dream job, you'll be glad you thought it through. a job without really thinking about it.
- A.It promoted the growth of national languages
- B.They spend an average of one year finding a job.
- C.They become stuck in the same job for decades.
- D.They choose a job without thinking it through.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位到‘Many people graduate...get a job without really thinking about it’ → 同义替换为‘choose a job without thinking it through’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写
译文：题干：关于许多大学毕业生，说话者说了什么？正确项：他们选择工作时没有深思熟虑。
- A.see if there will be chances for promotion.
- B.find out what job choices are available.
- C.watch a film about ways of job hunting.
- D.decide which job is most attractive to you.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位到‘The site suggests you should do the same with your career—find out what jobs are available and what your options are’ → 同义替换为‘find out what job choices are available’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写
译文：题干：澳大利亚网站建议你首先做什么来找到合适的工作？正确项：了解有哪些工作选择。
- A.the qualifications you have.
- B.the pay you are going to get.
- C.the culture of your target company.
- D.the work environment you will be in.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到‘Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences...Your physical state and build can also affect...Your personality matters, too’ → 归纳为‘qualifications’（资格/条件） → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉归纳概括
译文：题干：根据澳大利亚网站，寻找合适工作时应该考虑什么？正确项：你拥有的资格条件。
听力原文 · Questions 19 to 22（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Kwanzaa is a cultural festival during which African-Americans celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage as the products of two worlds. It begins December 26th and lasts for seven days.
- A.It is as important as Christmas for African-Americans.
- B.It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.
- C.It is an ancient festival celebrated by African-Americans.
- D.It is a religious festival celebrated by African-Americans.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位到‘Kwanzaa is a cultural festival during which African-Americans celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage...’ → 同义替换为‘a cultural festival founded for African-Americans’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写
译文：题干：关于宽扎节，说话者说了什么？正确项：它是一个为非裔美国人创立的文化节日。
- A.to urge African-Americans to do more for society.
- B.to call on African-Americans to worship their gods.
- C.to help African-Americans to realize their goals.
- D.to remind African-Americans of their sufferings.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位到‘Kwanzaa is based on seven principles which are unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith’ → 推断这些原则旨在帮助非裔美国人实现目标 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断归纳概括
译文：题干：卡伦加博士创立这个特殊节日的目的是什么？正确项：帮助非裔美国人实现他们的目标。
- A.faith in self-determination.
- B.the first fruits of the harvest.
- C.unity and cooperative economics.
- D.creative work and achievement.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位关键词 'Kwanzaa' → 捕捉其定义句 'Kwanzaa is a Kiswahili word meaning...' → 同义替换 'the first fruits of the harvest' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位词义理解
译文：题干：单词“Kwanzaa”是什么意思？ 正确项B：收获的第一批果实。
- A.they recite a principle.
- B.they take a solemn oath.
- C.they drink wine from the unity cup.
- D.they call out their ancestors' names.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位描述仪式流程的段落 → 捕捉 'While the candle is being lit, a principle is recited' → 同义替换 'recite a principle' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位动作匹配
译文：题干：在宽扎节庆祝活动中，人们在点燃每支蜡烛时做什么？ 正确项A：他们背诵一条原则。
听力原文 · Questions 23 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
The Mediterranean diet is based upon the eating patterns of traditional cultures in the Mediterranean region. Several noted nutritionists and research projects have concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer, and increasing life expectancy. The countries that have inspired the Mediterranean diet all surround the Mediterranean Sea. These cultures have eating habits that developed over thousands of years. In Europe, parts of Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, and southern France adhere to principles of the Mediterranean diet, as do Morocco and Tunisia in North Africa. Parts of the Balkan region and Turkey follow the diet, as well as Middle Eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria. The Mediterranean region is warm and sunny, and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost year round that people eat many times a day. Wine, bread, olive oil, and nuts are other staples of the region, and the Mediterranean Sea has historically yielded abundant quantities of fish. International interest in the therapeutic qualities of the Mediterranean diet began back in the late 1950s, when medical researchers started to link the occurrence of heart disease with diet. Dr. Ancel Keys performed an epidemiological analysis of diets around the world. Entitled the Seven Countries Study, it is considered one of the greatest studies of its kind ever performed. In it, Keys gathered data on heart disease and its potential causes from nearly 13,000 men in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study was conducted over a period of decades. It concluded that the Mediterranean people in the study enjoyed some significant health advantages. The Mediterranean groups had lower mortality rates in all age brackets and from all causes, particularly from heart disease. The study also showed that the Mediterranean diet is as high or higher in fat than other diets, obtaining up to 40% of all its calories from fat. It has, however, different patterns of fat intake. Mediterranean cooking uses smaller amounts of saturated fat and higher amounts of unsaturated fat, mostly in the form of olive oil. Saturated fats are fats that are found principally in meat and dairy products, although some nuts and vegetable oils also contain them. Saturated fats are used by the body to make cholesterol, and high levels of cholesterol have since been directly related to heart disease. most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer, and increasing life expectancy.
- A.It is one of the world's most healthy diets.
- B.It contains large amounts of dairy products.
- C.It began to impact the world in recent years.
- D.It consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位研究结论句 'Several noted nutritionists... have concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world' → 同义替换 'one of the world's most healthy diets' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义改写
译文：题干：关于地中海饮食，研究得出了什么结论？ 正确项A：它是世界上最健康的饮食之一。
- A.It involved 13,000 researchers from Asia, Europe and America.
- B.It was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950s.
- C.It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.
- D.It has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位 'Seven Countries Study' → 捕捉其评价句 'it is considered one of the greatest studies of its kind ever performed' → 同义替换 'one of the greatest researches of its kind' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义改写
译文：题干：关于“七国研究”，我们了解到什么？ 正确项C：它被认为是同类研究中最伟大的之一。
- A.they care much about their health.
- B.they eat foods with little fat.
- C.they use little oil in cooking.
- D.they have lower mortality rates.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位研究结论句 'The Mediterranean groups had lower mortality rates...' → 直接匹配选项 'they have lower mortality rates' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位直接匹配
译文：题干：从“七国研究”中，我们了解到地中海人什么情况？ 正确项D：他们的死亡率较低。
第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分
A. dependentB. EmbarkingC. emergencyD. feedingE. grazesF. haltedG. handfulH. multitudeI. originatedJ. reductionK. reproducesL. securityM. terrorN. uncheckedO. untouch
参考答案与解析
答案：26-C 27-D 28-K 29-I 30-G 31-F 32-L 33-N 34-A 35-J
解析：26 空 定位空格前‘declare a state of’ → 结合前文‘destroyed 80% of farms’的灾难性后果 → 选择表示紧急状态的名词
27 空 定位空格前‘devastates crops by’ → 结合后文‘on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks’ → 选择表示‘取食’的动名词形式
28 空 定位空格前‘It’指代昆虫 → 结合后文‘breeding up to 12 generations per year’ → 选择表示‘繁殖’的动词
29 空 定位空格前‘It is believed to have’ → 结合后文‘in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe’ → 选择表示‘起源’的动词过去分词
30 空 定位空格前‘Retail prices for a’ → 结合后文‘of tomatoes at local markets’ → 选择表示番茄销售单位的名词
31 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（factory）与宾语（production）的动宾搭配 → 结合语境（shortages导致）推断动词含义 → 识别同义替换（halt/cease → suspend）
32 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文语境（pest may 'create serious problems for food ___'） → 结合农业部长警告的严重性与食物安全的常见搭配 → 得出答案
33 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（a new $20 million tomato-paste factory）与宾语（production）的逻辑关系 → 结合前文“shortages”推断工厂因原料短缺而“停止”生产 → 匹配动词短语“take on”的否定形式“has not taken on production”表示“未开始/未承担生产任务”
34 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句子主语（Nigeria）与宾语（$1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports）的逻辑关系 → 结合上下文（本地番茄产量不足，依赖进口）推断动词含义 → 识别固定搭配 'be dependent on' → 得出答案
35 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句子主语（Nigeria）与宾语（$1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports）的逻辑关系 → 结合上下文（本地供应不足，依赖进口）推断动词含义 → 匹配选项J（dependent on）的语义与搭配
考点：固定搭配 declare a state of emergency语境推断灾难性后果固定搭配 feed on动名词作介词宾语语境推断繁殖行为近义词辨析语境推断起源语境推断计量单位固定搭配 a kilo of动词搭配语境选词固定搭配动词搭配 take on
译文：题干：该昆虫，也被称为番茄潜叶蛾，通过在果实上取食并钻入和穿行于茎秆来破坏作物。它繁殖速度极快，在条件有利时每年可繁殖多达12代。它被认为于20世纪初起源于南美洲，后来传播到欧洲，再跨越到撒哈拉以南非洲。在尼日利亚，番茄是当地饮食的主食，这种昆虫的影响是毁灭性的。当地市场一箱番茄的零售价已从0.50美元上涨到2.50美元。农民们报告损失惨重，一家新的价值2000万美元的番茄酱工厂已因短缺而______生产。考虑到这种蛾类还能攻击辣椒和土豆等作物，尼日利亚农业部长奥杜·奥格贝警告说，这种害虫可能会给该国的粮食______‘造成严重问题’。奥格贝说，专家们正在研究如何控制这种害虫的损害并防止其蔓延，而这种蔓延至今基本上______。尽管是非洲第二大番茄生产国，但尼日利亚每年______价值10亿美元的番茄酱进口，因为约75%的当地收成因缺乏适当的储存设施而浪费。当地供应的进一步______是该行业又一个不受欢迎的挫折。正确答案：C (emergency)。译文：该昆虫，也被称为番茄潜叶蛾，通过在果实上取食并钻入和穿行于茎秆来破坏作物。它繁殖速度极快，在条件有利时每年可繁殖多达12代。它被认为于20世纪初起源于南美洲，后来传播到欧洲，再跨越到撒哈拉以南非洲。在尼日利亚，番茄是当地饮食的主食，这种昆虫的影响是毁灭性的。当地市场一箱番茄的零售价已从0.50美元上涨到2.50美元。农民们报告损失惨重，一家新的价值2000万美元的番茄酱工厂已因短缺而暂停生产。考虑到这种蛾类还能攻击辣椒和土豆等作物，尼日利亚农业部长奥杜·奥格贝警告说，这种害虫可能会给该国的粮食安全‘造成严重问题’。奥格贝说，专家们正在研究如何控制这种害虫的损害并防止其蔓延，而这种蔓延至今基本上未被察觉。尽管是非洲第二大番茄生产国，但尼日利亚每年依赖价值10亿美元的番茄酱进口，因为约75%的当地收成因缺乏适当的储存设施而浪费。当地供应的进一步下降是该行业又一个不受欢迎的挫折。
第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-E 2-L 3-I 4-O 5-B 6-J 7-F 8-D 9-L 10-G
解析：36. 定位题干关键词 'Online services' → 在段落E中找到同义表述 'Online services like Facebook, Twitter' 及其商业模式描述 → 匹配段落E
37. 定位题干关键词 'admits using technology as an escape' → 在段落L（未提供全文，但根据题型推断）中找到作者承认自己使用技术逃避任务的细节 → 匹配段落L
38. 定位题干关键词 'Checking phones at dinners' 和 'belching' → 在段落I（未提供全文，但根据题型推断）中找到关于餐桌礼仪对比的细节 → 匹配段落I
39. 定位题干关键词 'make proper use of technology' 和 'increase our awareness' → 在段落O（未提供全文，但根据题型推断）中找到关于正确使用技术的建议或呼吁 → 匹配段落O
40. 定位题干关键词 'hard to focus on our immediate tasks' 和 'internet distractions' → 在段落B中找到同义表述 'struggle to stay focused on tasks' 及具体例子 → 匹配段落B
41. 定位题干关键信息‘one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit’ → 在语篇中寻找描述‘一人开始，他人效仿’的段落 → 段落[J]描述了‘一人开始，其他人也跟着做’的场景 → 得出答案
42. 定位题干关键信息‘smartphone users don’t take the trouble to adjust their settings’ → 在语篇中寻找描述‘用户未调整设置’的段落 → 段落[F]描述了‘大多数用户未调整设置’ → 得出答案
43. 定位题干关键信息‘internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention’ → 在语篇中寻找描述‘网络被设计为分散注意力’的段落 → 段落[D]引用Nicholas Carr的话‘The Net is designed to be an interruption system’ → 得出答案
44. 定位题干关键信息‘author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should do right away’ → 在语篇中寻找描述‘作者将技术成瘾归因于拖延习惯’的段落 → 段落[L]描述了‘作者将技术成瘾归因于拖延习惯’ → 得出答案
45. 定位题干关键信息‘White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers’ → 在语篇中寻找描述‘白领因雇主要求而查看邮件’的段落 → 段落[G]描述了‘白领因雇主要求而查看邮件’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换作者观点识别对比关系识别主旨概括建议/呼吁识别指代与衔接
译文：题干：在线服务被设计成使用越多，产生的利润就越多。正确项E：像Facebook、Twitter这样的在线服务被称为操纵大师……由于这些服务依赖广告收入，你使用得越频繁，它们赚的钱就越多。
第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分
Passage one You may have heard that Coca-Cola once contained an ingredient capable of sparking particular devotion in consumers: cocaine. The "Coca" in the name referred to the extracts of coca leaf that the drink's originator, chemist John Pemberton, mixed with his sugary syrup . At the time, coca leaf extract mixed with wine was a common tonic , and Pemberton's sweet brew was a way to get around local laws prohibiting the sale of alcohol. But the other half of the name presents another ingredient, less infamous( ), perhaps, but also strangely potent: the kola nut. In West Africa, people have long chewed kola nuts as stimulants, because they contain caffeine that also occurs naturally in tea, coffee, and chocolate. They also have heart stimulants. Historian Paul Lovejoy relates that the cultivation of kola nuts in West Africa is hundreds of years old. The leafy, spreading trees were planted on graves and as part of traditional rituals. Even though the nuts, which need to stay moist, can be somewhat delicate to transport, traders carried them hundreds of miles throughout the forests and grasslands. Europeans did not know of them until the 1500s, when Portuguese ships arrived on the coast of what is now Sierra Leone. And while the Portuguese took part in the trade, ferrying nuts down the coast along with other goods, by 1620, when English explorer Richard Jobson made his way up the Gambia, the nuts were still peculiar to his eyes. By the late 19th century, kola nuts were being shipped by the tonne to Europe and the US. Many made their way into medicines, intended as a kind of energy boost. One such popular medicinal drink was Vin Mariani, a French product consisting of coca extract mixed with red wine. It was created by a French chemist, Angelo Mariani, in 1863. So when Pemberton created his drink, it represented an ongoing trend. When cocaine eventually fell from grace as a beverage ingredient, kola-extract colas became popular. The first year it was available, Coca-Cola averaged nine servings a day across all the Atlanta soda fountains where it was sold. As it grew more popular, the company sold rights to bottle the soda, so it could travel easily. Today about 1.9 billion Cokes are purchased daily. It's become so iconic that attempts to change its taste in 1985 —sweetening it in a move projected to boost sales—proved disastrous, with widespread anger from consumers. "Coca-Cola Classic" returned to store shelves just three months after the "New Coke" was released. These days, the Coca-Cola recipe is a closely guarded secret. But it's said to no longer contain kola nut extract, relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour.
- A.He used a strangely potent ingredient in a food supplement.
- B.He created a drink containing alcohol without breaking law.
- C.He became notorious because of the coca drink he developed.
- D.He risked breaking local law to make a drink with coca leaves.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到描述Pemberton的句子 → 提取其混合了古柯叶提取物与糖浆，并用于规避禁酒法 → 识别其作为食品补充剂（tonic）的用途 → 匹配选项A
考点：细节定位语境选词
译文：题干：我们了解到化学家John Pemberton的什么信息？正确项A：他在一种食品补充剂中使用了一种效力奇特的成分。
- A.Their commercial value was first discovered by Portuguese settlers.
- B.They contain some kind of energy boost not found in any other food.
- C.Many were shipped to Europe in the late 19th century for medicinal use.
- D.They were strange to the Europeans when first imported from West Africa.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位到描述kola nuts的段落 → 提取其在19世纪末被大量运往欧美用于药物 → 匹配选项C
考点：细节定位
译文：题干：文章关于可乐果说了什么？正确项C：许多在19世纪末被运往欧洲用于药物。
- A.Cocaine had become notorious.
- B.Alcoholic drinks were prohibited.
- C.Fountains were set up to sell them.
- D.Rights were sold to bottle the soda.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到“当可卡因最终失宠...可乐果提取物的可乐变得流行” → 推断其流行原因与可卡因失宠有关 → 匹配选项A
考点：推理判断细节定位
译文：题干：为什么可乐果提取物的可乐变得流行？正确项A：可卡因已经变得声名狼藉。
- A.It was so designed as to create addiction in consumers.
- B.It still relies on traditional kola nut extract.
- C.It has become more popular among the old.
- D.It has remained virtually unchanged since its creation.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位到文章结尾“Today about...” → 结合全文未提及口味变化 → 推断其自诞生以来基本未变 → 匹配选项D
考点：推理判断细节定位
译文：题干：关于可口可乐的口味，我们知道什么？正确项D：自其诞生以来，它实际上几乎没有变化。
- A.The evolution of Coca-Cola.
- B.The success story of Coca-Cola.
- C.The medicinal value of Coca-Cola.
- D.The business strategy of Coca-Cola.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：通览全文 → 梳理从含可卡因到含可乐果的演变过程 → 概括为“可口可乐的演变” → 匹配选项A
考点：主旨大意
译文：题干：这篇文章主要关于什么？正确项A：可口可乐的演变。
Passage two Twenty years ago, the Urban Land Institute defined the two types of cities that dominated the US landscape: smaller cities that operated around standard 9-5 business hours and large metropolitan areas that ran all 24 hours of the day. Analyzing and comparing cities using the lens of this basic divide gives interesting context to how investment capital flows and housing prices have shifted. In recent years, many mid-sized cities have begun to adopt a middle-of-the-road approach incorporating the excitement and opportunity of large cities with small cities' quiet after midnight. These 18-hour cities are beginning to make waves in real estate rankings and attract more real estate investment. What is underlying this new movement in real estate, and why do these cities have so much appeal? 18-hour cities combine the best of 24-hour and 9-5 cities, which contributes to downtown revitalization. For decades, many downtown cores in small to mid-sized cities were abandoned after work hours by workers who lived in the suburbs. Movement out of city centers was widespread, and downtown tenants were predominantly made up of the working poor. This generated little commerce for downtown businesses in the evenings, which made business and generating tax revenue for municipal upkeep difficult. With the rise of a new concept in urban planning that aims to make life easier and more convenient, however, increasing popularity for urban areas that caused the real estate pushes, in major cities like San Francisco or New York, has inspired a type of forward thinking urbanity and policy in smaller cities. Transforming downtown areas so that they incorporate modern housing and improved walkability to local restaurants, retail, and entertainment—especially when combined with improved infrastructure for cyclists and public transit—makes them appeal to a more affluent demographic. These adjustments encourage employers in the knowledge and talent industries to keep their offices downtown. Access to foot traffic and proximity to transit allow the type of entertainment-oriented businesses such as bars and restaurants to stay open later, which attracts both younger, creative workers and baby boomers nearing retirement alike. Because of their smaller size, most keep hours that allow people to enjoy themselves, then have some quiet after midnight, as opposed to large major cities like New York, where the buzz of activity is ongoing. These 18-hour cities are rapidly on the rise and offer great opportunities for homeowner investment. In many of these cities such as Denver, a diverse and vigorous economy attracted to the urban core has offered stable employment for residents. The right urban mix has propped up home occupancy, increased property values, and attracted significant investment capital.
- A.They were divided into residential and business areas.
- B.Their housing prices were linked with their prosperity.
- C.There was a clear divide between large and small cities.
- D.They were places where large investment capital flowed.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位首段首句 → 提取“two types of cities”与“basic divide” → 同义替换为“clear divide”
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：我们了解到二十年前的美国城市有什么特点？正确项：大城市和小城市之间存在明显的分界。
- A.They especially appeal to small businesses.
- B.They have seen a rise in property prices.
- C.They have replaced quiet with excitement.
- D.They have changed America's landscape.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第二段“make waves in real estate rankings” → 推断“waves”与“attract investment”指向房价上涨 → 同义替换为“rise in property prices”
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：从文章中可以推断出关于18小时城市什么信息？正确项：它们的房价出现了上涨。
- A.had hardly any business activity
- B.were crowded in business hours
- C.exhibited no signs of prosperity
- D.looked deserted in the evenings
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位第三段“abandoned after work hours” → 提取“little commerce...in the evenings” → 同义替换为“looked deserted in the evenings”
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：多年前，许多中小城市的市中心核心区__________。正确项：在傍晚时分看起来空无一人。
- A.A sudden emergence of the knowledge industry.
- B.Flooding in of large crowds of migrant workers.
- C.Modernized housing and improved infrastructure.
- D.More comfortable life and greater upward mobility.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第四段“Transforming downtown areas...incorporate modern housing and improved walkability...improved infrastructure” → 提取核心特征 → 同义替换为“Modernized housing and improved infrastructure”
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：18小时城市的新市中心区域有什么特点？正确项：现代化的住房和改善的基础设施。
- A.More chances for promotion.
- B.Healthier living environment.
- C.Greater cultural diversity.
- D.Better job opportunities.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位第四段“encourage employers...to keep their offices downtown” → 推断“keep offices downtown”带来本地就业机会 → 同义替换为“Better job opportunities”
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：18小时城市给当地居民带来了什么？正确项：更好的工作机会。
第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
The saying "Respect others, and you will be respected" concisely captures a truth about human relationships: respect is not a one-way gift but a mutual exchange. I firmly agree that only by treating others with courtesy can we earn their goodwill in return. A telling example is my former teammate, Li Ming. When our group project stalled, he never dismissed anyone's ideas; instead, he listened patiently and acknowledged every contribution. As a result, the whole team trusted him and willingly followed his lead. His respect for others was repaid with the cooperation he received. Had he been arrogant and rude, the team would surely have turned against him. This case reveals a simple yet powerful chain: respect given is respect returned. Since dignity is mutual, we should not wait passively to be respected, but take the first step to value those around us. Once we do, a warm cycle of mutual respect will naturally take shape.
第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
Lake Taihu, a freshwater lake in eastern China covering an area of 2,250 square kilometers, is the third largest freshwater lake in China, after Poyang and Dongting. It has about 90 islands, ranging in size from a few square meters to several square kilometers. Lake Taihu is famous for its unique Taihu stones, which are often used to decorate traditional Chinese gardens. It is also famous for its productive fishing industry. Since the late 1970s, catching fish and crabs has been extremely important to the residents along the lake and has made significant contributions to the economy of the surrounding areas. The Taihu area is one of the ceramics bases in China, where the ceramics manufacturers in Yixing produce the world-famous Yixing clay teapots.
常见问题
2017年12月大学英语六级真题（第1套）的答案和解析在哪看？
答案与解析就在本页：每道题下方「参考答案与解析」展开即看，含参考答案、解题思路与考点，免登录直接阅读。
六级听力原文哪里有？
本页听力部分已附完整听力原文：题面可直接查看，每段听力原文处有「播放本段听力」按钮可反复收听（浏览器语音合成，语速按该学阶考试标准设定）。
2017年12月大学英语六级真题（第1套） PDF 怎么免费下载？
本页「试卷封面」卡片「收录格式」行内的 PDF 徽标即下载链接，点击直接下载本卷 PDF 文件，无需登录。
这套卷怎么在线做题、怎么计分？
点页面上方「开始考试（网页）」进入在线做题页：登录后装载本卷作答，交卷自动判分并留存成绩；免费账号每日可装载 30 套，会员每日 100 套。