2023年06月大学英语六级真题（第3套）及答案解析

六级 CET-6真题 · 在线做题

2023年06月大学英语六级真题（第3套） · 完整收录

年份考次
2023 年 · 6月·第3套
命题归属
全国统一命题
省份
全国
听力
含听力
题量
39 题
满分
710 分
限时
125 分钟
题型结构
听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
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第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分

听力原文 · Questions 1 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

M: Hi, Lily, how's the new apartment? W: It's okay. M: What? How can it be just okay when last week you were thrilled about the place and kept posting photos of it online? W: Well, last week when I moved in, the apartment seemed cozy, just the right size for one person. But now it just seems tiny, shabby and solitary. M: Ah, that's the problem. You miss your roommates from university, don't you? W: I'm going to sound like an idiot, because I used to complain to you all the time about how crowded our dormitory room was, and about all the things they did to irritate me, like watching movies late at night without headphones, or talking loudly early in the morning. But now I miss them terribly. M: Of course you do. That's perfectly normal. When I got my first place I remember thinking I couldn't wait to live by myself and get away from my juvenile roommates and all their annoying habits. But then I began missing them and feeling lonely and thinking that our dormitory was like paradise, even though there were six of us guys in one small room. W: I thought it was just me who felt like that. M: Look, you lived at home with us, and then you had three roommates, and this is your first time living alone. So it's hard. But your first apartment is a milestone in your life, and you should celebrate it. Tell me about the apartment. W: Actually, it's not bad. In fact, it's pretty adorable, now that I have decorated it and it has everything I need. I have a kitchen to cook in and a bathroom all to myself, and then another room with my bed at one end, and a sofa, a small table and chairs at the other end. M: That does sound adorable and I can't wait to see it, and neither can mom and dad. person.

1. What was the woman's first impression of the apartment?
  1. A.It was spacious and tranquil.
  2. B.It was warm and comfortable.
  3. C.It was shabby and solitary.
  4. D.It was tiny and noisy.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位女士对公寓的初始描述 → 识别转折词'But'前的评价 → 同义替换'cozy'为'warm and comfortable' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位转折信号词捕捉同义替换

译文：题干：女士对公寓的第一印象是什么？正确项：它温暖舒适。

2. Why does the woman say she is going to sound like an idiot?
  1. A.She no longer hates people talking loudly in the dorm.
  2. B.She misses her roommates she used to complain about.
  3. C.She begins to enjoy the movies she once found irritating.
  4. D.She finds the crowded dorm as cozy as her new apartment.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位女士说'sound like an idiot'的语境 → 理解其后'because'引导的原因 → 概括'used to complain... but now I miss them'的矛盾心理 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断因果逻辑细节概括

译文：题干：女士为什么说自己听起来像个白痴？正确项：她想念她曾经抱怨过的室友。

3. What do we learn about the man when he left the dormitory to live on his own?
  1. A.He found the apartment perfectly furnished.
  2. B.He had a feeling of despair and frustration.
  3. C.He had a similar feeling to the woman's.
  4. D.He felt the new place was like paradise.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位男士描述自己首次独居经历的段落 → 提取'couldn't wait... But then I began missing them and feeling lonely'的核心信息 → 与女士'now I miss them terribly'的感受进行类比 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断细节对比情感类比

译文：题干：关于男士离开宿舍独自生活时的情况，我们了解到什么？正确项：他有与女士相似的感受。

4. What does the man say he can't wait to do?
  1. A.Go to see the woman's apartment.
  2. B.Make a phone call to his parents.
  3. C.Buy some furniture for the woman.
  4. D.Decorate the woman's apartment.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位对话结尾男士的表述 → 捕捉'can't wait to see it'中的'it'指代 → 理解'it'指代女士的公寓 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位指代理解

译文：题干：男士说他迫不及待要做什么？正确项：去看女士的公寓。

听力原文 · Questions 5 to 8（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Welcome to our program Book Talk. Our guest today is Frank Jones, a critic of our education system, and the author of a new book, How to Reform Our Universities. M: Hello, Susan.

5. What do we learn from the conversation about the man?
  1. A.He works as a literary critic.
  2. B.He hosts an educational program.
  3. C.He has initiated a university reform.
  4. D.He has published a book recently.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位对话开头对男士身份的介绍 → 提取'author of a new book'的关键信息 → 与选项进行匹配 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位信息匹配

译文：题干：从对话中我们了解到关于男士的什么信息？正确项：他最近出版了一本书。

6. What does the man believe is the problem with the current American system of higher education?
  1. A.It fails to keep up with the radical changes of society.
  2. B.It fails to ensure universities get sufficient resources.
  3. C.It has not prepared young people for the job market.
  4. D.It has not fostered the growth of the arts disciplines.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位男士观点句 → 提取核心问题（系统未能让学生为进入劳动力市场做好准备） → 匹配选项C

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：男士认为当前美国高等教育体系的问题是什么？正确项C：它未能让年轻人为就业市场做好准备。

7. How should the education budget be allocated according to the man?
  1. A.More of the budget should go to science and technology.
  2. B.The underfunded music discipline should be prioritized.
  3. C.Subdisciplines like sculpture should get more funding.
  4. D.Literature should get as much funding as engineering.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位男士关于预算分配的具体建议 → 提取核心主张（将更多预算用于科学和工程） → 匹配选项A

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：根据男士的观点，教育预算应如何分配？正确项A：更多的预算应该用于科学和技术。

8. What does the woman say the arts can do?
  1. A.Build a prosperous nation.
  2. B.Make skilled professionals.
  3. C.Create ingenious artists.
  4. D.Cultivate better citizens. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位女士关于艺术价值的论述 → 提取核心功能（帮助年轻人更深入地思考世界，使他们成为更好的公民） → 匹配选项D

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：女士说艺术能做什么？正确项D：培养更好的公民。

听力原文 · Questions 9 to 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

Do you ever have the annoying feeling that you don't have time to really think anymore? You are not alone. A variety of factors have conspired to rob us of time for reflection about ourselves and our lives. Today, our preoccupied minds are rarely silent. The average person receives hundreds of texts and voice messages a day, and holidays for many of us are action-packed weeks more likely full of family activities than opportunities for tranquility and contemplation. Regular reflection, however, underlies all great professionals. It's a prerequisite for you to recharge your mental batteries, see things in a new light and tap into your creativity. Almost all of the great advisors that I have studied have found ways to get away from it all and contemplate their life and work. Some researchers in the field of creativity, in fact, believe that insight occurs during the reflection and relaxation that follows a period of intense activity. Schedule time for reflection about your work or a particular project you're engaged in. I usually block out half an hour. Don't answer the phone. Push your papers to the side. Sketch, make lists, draw "mind maps" of ideas that come to you. At the end, write down any emerging ideas. When you're alone, stop worrying and think. A lot of our down time is spent worrying about troublesome things in our lives or fantasizing about how we'd like our lives to be. Revisit things during moments of relaxation after a period of intense work. This is when we are the most creative. are not alone.

9. What do we learn about the feeling that one doesn't have time to think anymore?
  1. A.It is quite common.
  2. B.It is rarely noticed.
  3. C.It seldom annoys people.
  4. D.It occurs when one is alone.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词（feeling that one doesn't have time to think） → 定位到首段首句及后续解释 → 提取关键信息（You are not alone） → 匹配选项A

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：关于“感觉没有时间思考”这种感受，我们了解到什么？正确项A：它相当普遍。

10. What trait do all great professionals share?
  1. A.Seeing things in black and white.
  2. B.Engaging in regular contemplation.
  3. C.Having a special understanding of creativity.
  4. D.Knowing how to make their mental batteries work.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词（all great professionals） → 定位到第二段首句 → 提取核心特质（Regular reflection underlies all great professionals） → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：所有伟大的专业人士共有的特质是什么？正确项B：进行定期的思考。

11. What do some researchers believe is conducive to creative ideas?
  1. A.Engaging in intense activity.
  2. B.Fantasizing in one's downtime.
  3. C.Working on a particular project.
  4. D.Reflecting during one's relaxation.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'researchers' 'conducive to creative ideas' → 听到 'Some researchers... believe that insight occurs during the reflection and relaxation that follows a period of intense activity' → 同义替换 'insight' 为 'creative ideas'，'reflection and relaxation' 为 'reflecting during one's relaxation' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：一些研究者认为什么有助于产生创造性想法？正确项D：在放松时进行反思。

听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

Even before Colorado was a state, it had post offices. The first opened in 1859, in a settlement founded by migrants searching for gold. Life could be unpredictable out west—gold failed to appear, drought ruined farmers and settlers clashed with Native Americans. On the settlement's location now stands a sprawling university campus. Amid all the changes, one feature remained constant—the postal service. The maps tracing America's westward expansion are telling. In 1864, there were few postal branches on land controlled by Native Americans, which still accounted for most of the West. Over the next 25 years, post offices grew quickly. Colonization of the West could be regarded as a result of big government rather than pioneers. As federal subsidies and land grants tempted people into the deserts and plains, the post kept them connected. In the mid-19th century, the Post Office Department was far from a centralized bureaucracy. To keep up with migration patterns, postal services were added to existing businesses. The federal government commissioned private wagons to carry the mail. Short-term contracts were granted to local businessmen to act as postmasters. These partnerships enabled the mail to quickly follow migrants, helping knit together remote parts of the country. Mr. Blevins, a digital historian, wrote a book on the history of the US postal service. He used data science to analyze historical trends. Most strikingly, he built an accompanying website, complete with interactive maps. They show readers how, within a generation, the postal service helped colonize a continent. These online interactive maps illustrate the formative power of snail mail. settlement founded by migrants searching for gold.

12. What does the passage say about Colorado before it became a state?
  1. A.Farmers helped Native Americans grow crops.
  2. B.There were expansive university campuses.
  3. C.There existed post offices.
  4. D.Migrants found gold there.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'Colorado before it became a state' → 听到 'Even before Colorado was a state, it had post offices' → 同义替换 'had' 为 'There existed' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：文章提到科罗拉多在成为州之前是什么情况？正确项C：那里存在邮局。

13. How did the postal service contribute to America's westward expansion?
  1. A.It helped to boost the economy in the American West.
  2. B.It provided job opportunities for many gold seekers.
  3. C.It extended the influence of the federal government.
  4. D.It kept people in the deserts and plains connected.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'postal service' 'westward expansion' → 听到 'As federal subsidies and land grants tempted people into the deserts and plains, the post kept them connected' → 同义替换 'the post' 为 'postal service'，'them' 指代 'people in the deserts and plains' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位指代还原

译文：题干：邮政服务如何促进了美国的西进运动？正确项D：它让沙漠和草原上的人们保持联系。

14. What did the federal government do to meet the increasing demand for the postal service in the West?
  1. A.It employed Native Americans to work as postmen.
  2. B.It commissioned private wagons to carry the mail.
  3. C.It subsidized the locals who acted as postmasters.
  4. D.It centralized postal services in its remote areas.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'federal government' 'meet the increasing demand' → 听到 'The federal government commissioned private wagons to carry the mail' → 直接匹配选项 B → 得出答案

考点：细节定位直接匹配

译文：题干：联邦政府为满足西部日益增长的邮政服务需求做了什么？正确项B：它委托私人马车运送邮件。

15. What did Mr. Blevins do to study the history of the US postal service?
  1. A.He analyzed interactive maps of mail routes.
  2. B.He read a large collection of books on the topic.
  3. C.He examined its historical trends with data science.
  4. D.He collected data about its impact on local business. questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'Mr. Blevins' 'study the history' → 听到 'He used data science to analyze historical trends' → 同义替换 'analyze' 为 'examined'，'historical trends' 为 'its historical trends' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：Blevins先生为研究美国邮政服务的历史做了什么？正确项C：他用数据科学分析了其历史趋势。

听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

In last week's lecture, we discussed reasons why people forget things. This week, we will discuss a surprising reason why we might remember some things—anxiety. Think about something as simple as buying a coffee. That may not seem like an experience that would make a deep impression on your memory, but anxiety could change that. In fact, a new study suggests that people with higher anxiety levels might remember certain information better than people with lower anxiety levels. That's because higher levels of anxiety may make people more susceptible to negative feelings, putting them in a more negative state of mind. That in turn may make them able to better remember some events. Let's take a closer look at that new study now. In the study, the researchers started by giving 80 undergraduate students an anxiety test. The test measured the participants' anxiety levels over the preceding two weeks. Then, to test memory, the participants were shown a series of neutral words, one at a time. Some of the words were printed on to photos of negative scenes, meaning images that could affect their emotions negatively, such as a photo of a car accident or a cemetery. The rest of the words were printed on to photos of neutral scenes, such as a photo of a lake or trees. Neutral words included words like "table" or "desk" that don't elicit emotion. Later, the participants were asked to think back to the words they were shown earlier, which caused them to reenter either a negative or a neutral mindset. The participants were then presented with another set of neutral words, and their memory of these new words was tested. The researchers found that the new words presented to people in a negative mindset were better remembered by people with higher levels of anxiety than those with lower levels of anxiety. In other words, when highly anxious individuals took in otherwise emotionally neutral information that was presented to them, it became colored by their negative mindset, making them remember the information better. But these same effects were not seen in people with low levels of anxiety. Previous studies have found that extreme levels of anxiety, such as those experienced by people diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, can be quite detrimental to memory and cognitive performance. But the highly anxious people in this study represent individuals who are managing their anxiety and for whom anxiety is not a serious problem. information better than people with lower anxiety levels.

16. What does the speaker say the new study suggests?
  1. A.Higher levels of anxiety may improve people's memory.
  2. B.Some experiences are easier to remember than others.
  3. C.Most people tend to remember things selectively.
  4. D.Simple things may leave a deep impression on one's memory.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键句 'a new study suggests that people with higher anxiety levels might remember certain information better' → 同义替换为 'Higher levels of anxiety may improve people's memory' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：说话者说新研究暗示了什么？正确项：更高水平的焦虑可能改善人们的记忆力。

17. What did researchers do first in the new study?
  1. A.They classified the participants' mindset.
  2. B.They showed some photos to the participants.
  3. C.They measured the participants' anxiety levels.
  4. D.They tested the size of the participants' vocabulary.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键句 'the researchers started by giving 80 undergraduate students an anxiety test' → 同义替换为 'They measured the participants' anxiety levels' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：研究人员在新研究中首先做了什么？正确项：他们测量了参与者的焦虑水平。

18. What do we learn from previous studies about anxiety?
  1. A.Anxiety has become a serious problem for an increasing number of people.
  2. B.Extreme levels of anxiety can adversely affect cognitive performance.
  3. C.People diagnosed with anxiety disorder may forget things selectively.
  4. D.There is no direct correlation between memory and levels of anxiety.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位关键句 'Previous studies have found that extreme levels of anxiety... can adversely affect cognitive performance' → 同义替换为 'Extreme levels of anxiety can adversely affect cognitive performance' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：我们从之前的研究中了解到关于焦虑的什么信息？正确项：极端水平的焦虑会对认知表现产生不利影响。

听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

Over the past 20 years, the internet has gradually become a dominant feature of our lives. It has changed how we communicate with each other, and it has definitely transformed the way we do business with each other. Marketing has also changed in a number of ways. For instance, in the past, consumers had to call a phone number and patiently wait on hold, in order to get the information they wanted. Today, they want the information immediately. They'll go to the company's social media page and post comments and questions, expecting to receive an immediate response. If they don't get their questions answered soon, they'll move on to another company that will answer them quickly. Marketing departments today need to follow technological development. For example, this year's smartphone is smarter than last year's; self-driving cars are now on the road. Marketers have to do research on which technologies are coming into being. Otherwise, they risk being left behind in the virtual dust. Marketing has also changed due to the importance of video. People don't just want to read text; they want to watch things happening. Companies now have to explore how they can use video on a consistent basis to share information about their businesses. Fortunately, it's extremely easy to shoot something these days. All you need is a smartphone. But what's the result of all this? Shorter attention spans. We aren't the same people that we were 20 years ago. Not only have we grown accustomed to getting the information we want instantaneously, our attention spans are much shorter. If something doesn't capture our attention within a few seconds, we're on to the next piece of content. Marketers need to figure out ways to speak directly to the customers' emotions, and they need to figure out how to do that as quickly as possible. Once people are emotionally engaged, they'll stick with you. If marketing has changed this much in the past 20 years, imagine what the next 20 years will bring. In a recent survey, only 9% of marketers could say with confidence that their marketing efforts were actually working. Their confidence is being shaken, because the rules of the game change every year. That's why it's important for marketers to pay attention to the latest technological developments and consider collaborating with technological innovators. That way, they'll be moving at the same pace as the tech industry. and post comments and questions, expecting to receive an immediate response.

19. What does the speaker say about today's consumers?
  1. A.They compare products from different companies before making a choice.
  2. B.They get information from other consumers' postings and comments.
  3. C.They lose patience when their phone call is not promptly answered.
  4. D.They expect to get instantaneous responses to their inquiry.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位关键句 'Today, they want the information immediately... expecting to receive an immediate response' → 同义替换为 'They expect to get instantaneous responses to their inquiry' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：说话者对当今消费者有何描述？正确项：他们期望对他们的询问得到即时回应。

20. How do marketers capture consumers' attention as quickly as possible?
  1. A.Giving them rewards on the spot.
  2. B.Broadening their scope of interest.
  3. C.Speaking directly to their emotions.
  4. D.Focusing on the details of the product.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键句 'Marketers need to figure out ways to speak directly to the customers' emotions' → 同义替换为 'Speaking directly to their emotions' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义改写

译文：题干：营销人员如何尽快抓住消费者的注意力？正确项：直接与他们的情感对话。

21. What does the speaker suggest marketers do to meet future challenges?
  1. A.Change the rules of the game in the market every year.
  2. B.Keep up with the latest technological developments.
  3. C.Learn from technological innovators to do business.
  4. D.Make greater efforts to build up consumers' confidence.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位建议部分 → 提取‘follow technological development’与‘do research on which technologies are coming into being’ → 同义替换为‘keep up with the latest technological developments’

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：演讲者建议营销人员做什么来应对未来的挑战？正确项：跟上最新的技术发展。

听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

You might be surprised to learn that the benefits of friendships extend beyond people's social life and into their work, which is interesting when considering the extent to which people sacrifice friendships, or at least the time they spend with friends, because of the extended hours they're devoting to work. Just last week, I was remarking to a colleague that I'm content with only one social engagement per week. But according to recent research, that's evidently not enough. In an initial study of more than 700 respondents, scholars from an American university analyzed the impact that friends, as opposed to family, have on self-esteem and well-being. Friends came out substantially on top. That's because to be someone's mate is a voluntary act, unlike family who people rarely get to choose. The researchers found that when people choose to cultivate and maintain supportive friendships with an individual, it means that the person is valued and worthy of their limited time. Such sentiments of value and worthiness boost our self-esteem. The second study comprised more than 300 participants. It proved that the better we feel about ourselves, the more likely we'll perform our job confidently and competently. This follow-up study found that non-work friends even improve people's job satisfaction. They have as much of an impact on how much they love their jobs as do the friends they have at work, despite not actually being at our place of work. These types of friends tend to be our preferred outlet for venting about work-related matters. This is an avenue that may not be available at the office. So even though friendships can be easy to neglect when confronted by pressures at work, or even pressures at home, neglecting our friends can turn out to be harmful and counterproductive. That's why, when determining how to create a better work-life balance, we need to consider not only how to balance work and family demands, but also how to cultivate and sustain supportive friendships. It's for this reason that managers should never discriminate when it comes to requests from employees for flexible work arrangements. It's irrelevant whether their need for a desired schedule is due to, say, parenting responsibilities, or a craving to hang out with a best mate. What matters is the opportunity to engage in a nourishing activity outside of work. That will definitely have a follow-on effect at work. life and into their work, which is interesting when considering the extent to which people sacrifice friendships ... because of the extended hours they're devoting to work.

22. What does the speaker say is interesting?
  1. A.People have only one social engagement per week.
  2. B.Working together enhances friendship.
  3. C.Few people have devoted friends.
  4. D.Friendships benefit work.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位开篇核心句 → 提取‘benefits of friendships extend beyond... into their work’ → 同义替换为‘Friendships benefit work’

考点：主旨概括同义替换

译文：题干：演讲者说什么是有趣的？正确项：友谊有益于工作。

23. What did researchers from an American university analyze in their initial study?
  1. A.The impact of friends on people's self-esteem.
  2. B.How supportive friends can be in the workplace.
  3. C.How to boost one's sense of value and worthiness.
  4. D.The role of family ties in people's mental well-being.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位‘initial study’ → 提取‘analyzed the impact that friends... have on self-esteem and well-being’ → 同义替换为‘The impact of friends on people's self-esteem’

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：美国大学的研究人员在他们的初步研究中分析了什么？正确项：朋友对人们自尊的影响。

24. What did the second study find about non-work friends?
  1. A.They show little interest in their friends' work.
  2. B.They tend to be much more difficult to make.
  3. C.They are more trustworthy and reliable.
  4. D.They increase people's job satisfaction.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位‘second study’与‘non-work friends’ → 提取‘improve people's job satisfaction’ → 同义替换为‘increase people's job satisfaction’

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：第二次研究发现了关于非工作朋友的什么？正确项：他们提高了人们的工作满意度。

25. What does the speaker suggest managers do?
  1. A.Allow employees to have a flexible work schedule.
  2. B.Encourage employees to be friends with colleagues.
  3. C.Help employees balance work and family responsibilities.
  4. D.Organize activities to nourish friendships outside of work.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位建议部分 → 提取‘managers should never discriminate when it comes to requests from employees for flexible work arrangements’ → 同义替换为‘Allow employees to have a flexible work schedule’

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：演讲者建议管理者做什么？正确项：允许员工有灵活的工作时间安排。

第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分

在词库中选择合适的词填入短文，每词限用一次。

You might not know yourself as well as you think. According to a new study, people are [26] accurate judges of only some of their behaviors. While most previous studies on how well people know themselves have been done on long-term personality traits, this new study [27] how well people understand how they are acting from one moment to the next. Researchers asked participants to wear audio recorders that automatically [28] every 9.5 minutes between 7 a.m. and 2 a.m. to record [30] seconds of audio. These participants were then emailed surveys four times a day asking them to [29] how outgoing, agreeable, or conscientious they were during a particular hour of the day. The study used data from 248 participants, all of whom answered questions about their behavior for two [30] weeks and wore the audio device for one of those weeks. Six laboratory assistants rated each participant's audio clips to see how their observations compared with people's [31] of themselves. The six assistants were generally in agreement with one another about how the people they were observing acted. Further, participants' ratings of their own behaviors agreed with observers' for how outgoing and how conscientious they were being. But the agreement between participants and outside observers was much smaller for agreeableness. Some of this [32] could be because the observers used only audio clips, and thus could not read [33] like body language, but there are [34] other explanations, as people should be able to hear when a participant is being kind versus being rude. The weak agreement between how participants thought they were acting and what observers heard could be because people would rather [35] rude behavior.

A. activatedB. articulatesC. assessmentD. consecutiveE. cuesF. denyG. discrepancyH. probablyI. probesJ. randomK. recallL. relativelyM. saturatedN. symptomsO. terminate

参考答案与解析

答案：26-L　27-I　28-A　29-K　30-D　31-C　32-G　33-E　34-H　35-F

解析：26 空 定位空格前后的语义逻辑 → 分析‘accurate judges of only some of their behaviors’的限定关系 → 选择表示‘部分’或‘有限’的形容词
27 空 定位空格前后的对比逻辑 → 分析‘previous studies...long-term personality traits’与‘this new study...from one moment to the next’的对比 → 选择表示‘探究’或‘考察’的动词
28 空 定位空格前的主语‘audio recorders’和状语‘automatically’ → 分析录音设备的功能 → 选择表示‘启动’或‘开始录音’的动词
29 空 定位空格前的‘asking them to’和空格后的‘how outgoing...’ → 分析参与者需要完成的任务 → 选择表示‘评估’或‘判断’的动词
30 空 定位空格前的‘two’和空格后的‘weeks’ → 分析研究持续时间 → 选择表示‘连续’或‘相继’的形容词
31 空 定位空格所在句（描述观察者与参与者对‘agreeableness’的评价差异）→ 分析空格前‘Some of this’指代‘agreement was much smaller’这一现象 → 结合后文‘could not read... like body language’推断此处需一个表示‘差异/分歧’的名词 → 辨析选项中名词的语义与搭配 → 得出答案
32 空 定位空格所在句（‘could not read ___ like body language’）→ 分析‘like body language’为举例说明 → 推断空格需一个表示‘非语言信号/线索’的复数名词 → 结合词根‘cue’（线索）的构词 → 得出答案
33 空 定位空格所在句（‘but there are ___ other explanations’）→ 分析前文‘Some of this discrepancy could be because...’提出一种解释 → 后文‘as people should be able to hear...’提供另一种解释 → 推断空格需一个表示‘另外的，其他的’的形容词 → 辨析选项中形容词的语义与搭配 → 得出答案
34 空 定位空格所在句（‘people would rather ___ rude behavior’）→ 分析‘would rather’后接动词原形 → 结合前文‘weak agreement’（评价不一致）和‘people should be able to hear’（人们应该能听出）推断此处需一个表示‘承认/承认’的动词 → 辨析选项中动词的语义与搭配 → 得出答案
35 空 定位空格所在句（‘people would rather ___ rude behavior’）→ 分析‘would rather’后接动词原形 → 结合前文‘weak agreement’（评价不一致）和‘people should be able to hear’（人们应该能听出）推断此处需一个表示‘承认/承认’的动词 → 辨析选项中动词的语义与搭配 → 得出答案

考点：语境选词近义词辨析动词搭配词根词缀

译文：题干：根据一项新研究，人们是{{26}}准确的评判者，仅针对他们部分的行为。正确项：L (partially) 部分地

第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分

判断每个陈述源于哪一段。

AWe're experiencing the rebirth of smallness. Farmers markets, tiny homes, and brew pubs all exemplify our love of smallness. So do charter schools, coffee shops, and local bookstores. Small is often (but not always) more affordable, healthier, and sustainable, but its finest characteristic, the one that turns charm into love, is that going small allows us to be more fully who we are.
BIn higher education the trend is mostly in the opposite direction: Universities with 20,000 or 30,000 students are considered "mid-sized". The nation's largest university, Arizona State University, has 80,000 students on campus and aims to enroll another 100,000 students online. At the other end of the spectrum is a handful of colleges that have fewer than a hundred students on campus and no online courses: colleges such as Sterling College, Thomas More College of Liberal Arts, and Deep Springs College. These colleges are so small that they can only be called "tiny."
CTiny colleges focus not just on a young person's intellect, but on the young person as a whole. Equally important, tiny colleges ask, "How can education contribute to human flourishing and the well-being of the world?" And they shape a college experience to address that question. They replace concerns about institutional growth with attention to the growth of students as fully developed participants in their communities.
DI've had the privilege of teaching at three different institutions of higher learning during my career—a small liberal arts college and two mid-sized public universities. I've also been profoundly disappointed in each of these institutions, and in many of my colleagues, especially when it comes to helping students and preparing them for the many responsibilities of adulthood. Administrators focus on the business of running a university, and most faculty focus on their scholarship and teaching their discipline. Little deliberate attention is given to how students mature as individuals and social beings.
EHaving just retired from teaching at a public university, I'm now returning to my hometown of Flagstaff, Arizona, to establish a tiny college—Flagstaff College. I'm convinced there's a need for another type of education, one devoted to helping students come into their own and into this beautiful and troubled world. Young people need an education that will provide them with meaning, hope, courage, and passion, as well as information and skills. Large institutions, I believe, are particularly ill-suited to this type of education.
FThere's no "best of" list when it comes to tiny colleges, at least not yet. But around the country people are creating new colleges that provide an alternative to small liberal arts colleges, large public universities, and online education.
GWith only 26 students, Deep Springs is the smallest college in the country and, quite likely, the most atypical . Located on a working cattle ranch on the California-Nevada border, Deep Springs is a private, residential, two-year college for men, committed to educating students for "a life of service to humanity." Founded by the electricity tycoon L.L. Nunn in 1917, Deep Springs "curriculum" revolves around academics, labor, and self-governance. In addition to their courses, students are charged with running the 155-acre ranch and overseeing the functioning of the college. Students chair both the admissions and the curriculum committees.
H"Living in close community with one's teachers and fellow students, and being forced to take on adult responsibilities, makes for one's growth as a person," says William Hunt, who graduated last year. "To exist for very long in a community like that, you have to get over the question of whether you're sufficiently talented or principled and get started worrying about how you can stretch yourself and your peers, how much you can manage to learn with them."
ISterling College, in Craftsbury Common, Vermont, is also very small—fewer than 100 students. Unlike Deep Springs, Sterling focuses its curriculum on environmental and social justice issues, but like Deep Springs it places a high value on personal responsibility and manual labor. According to its catalog, a college education at Sterling combines "rigorous academics, roll-up-your-sleeves challenges, and good old hard work."
JThe average tuition at a small liberal-arts college is $30,000 to $40,000 a year, not including the cost of living on campus, as compared to $8,000 to $10,000 a year for tuition alone at a public university. Of the tiny colleges, only Deep Springs doesn't charge tuition or room and board; students pay only for books and the cost of traveling to and from college. If tiny schools are to become a player on the higher education scene, they will need to find a way to be truly affordable.
KDoing so may not be that difficult so long as they do not pattern themselves too closely on existing norms. We've come to believe that a good college should have many academic programs and excellent facilities, posh dorms, an array of athletic programs, and a world-class student activity center. Imagine a good college without a climbing wall! We also have accepted the idea that college presidents, and their many vice- presidents, should be paid like their counterparts in the business world and that higher education requires an elaborate, up-to-date technology infrastructure. All of this drives up the cost of education.
LThe "trick" to making tiny colleges affordable, if that's the right word, is simplicity. At its core, education is a human-to-human interaction. Reflecting on his own college education, President Garfield once commented that an ideal college would consist of nothing more than the legendary teacher Mark Hopkins on one end of a log and a student on the other. The economics of a tiny college, in other words, might be similar to that of a tiny house. Because it is small, a tiny house costs less to build and less to furnish, insure, and maintain. But the economic benefits of a small house don't end there. Tiny homes discourage homeowners from buying stuff that they really don't need, because there's no place to put it.
MI'm a late convert to the idea of tiny colleges, and I fully understand the need for many diverse types of educational institutions. Academic research and job training are important, but tiny colleges aren't suited for either. The educational needs of a complex society are themselves complex, and no single model can meet all of these needs. But I'm now convinced there's an educational need that's now going almost completely unmet: namely, the need to help young people transition into adulthood. Tiny colleges can do this better than any other type of educational institution.
NThe ultimate justification for a tiny college is the conviction that each of us comes into our full humanity by close interaction with those who know and care for us, and that one of the basic purposes of higher education is social. Although we give lip service to the idea that a college education will make us better people, when all's said and done, we think of higher education primarily in economic terms. We've come to think of higher education as a means to make a living rather than make a life. We've also come to see higher education as a private good rather than a public one. Tiny colleges are not the answer to all of our educational requirements, but they're an answer to one of our most basic educational necessities; the need to produce thoughtful, engaged, and compassionate human beings.
1. One tiny American college situated on a cattle farm is devoted to educating students to serve mankind throughout their lives. （G）
2. Much to the author's disappointment, the three institutions of higher learning where she taught largely ignore students' growth as social beings. （D）
3. Tiny colleges must be made affordable in order to play a role in higher education. （J）
4. According to a recent graduate from a tiny college, living together with faculty and fellow students is conducive to a student's growth as a person. （H）
5. Rather than going small, most American universities are trying to go big. （B）
6. In a certain tiny college, rigorous academic work and traditional manual labor are integrated. （I）
7. Tiny colleges focus on educating students to become well-rounded citizens instead of seeking their own expansion. （C）
8. The essence of education lies in the interaction between people. （L）
9. After her retirement, the author has decided to set up a tiny college in her hometown. （E）
10. Tiny colleges are justified as it is believed that our growth into full humanity comes through interaction with people near and dear to us. （N）
参考答案与解析

答案：1-G　2-D　3-J　4-H　5-B　6-I　7-C　8-L　9-E　10-N

解析：36. 定位题干关键词 'tiny American college' 'cattle farm' 'devoted to educating students to serve mankind' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 段落G提及Deep Springs College位于牧场，且其使命是培养服务社会的人 → 得出答案
37. 定位题干关键词 'author's disappointment' 'three institutions' 'ignore students' growth as social beings' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 段落D提及作者对三所机构感到失望，尤其在帮助学生准备成年责任方面 → 得出答案
38. 定位题干关键词 'Tiny colleges' 'affordable' 'play a role' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 段落A提及'小'通常更可负担，但未将其作为微型学院发挥作用的必要条件 → 得出答案
39. 定位题干关键词 'recent graduate' 'tiny college' 'living together' 'conducive to growth' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 语篇未提及任何毕业生的观点或共同生活的益处 → 得出答案
40. 定位题干关键词 'most American universities' 'trying to go big' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 段落B明确指出高等教育趋势与小型化相反，大学规模庞大 → 得出答案
41. 定位题干关键词 'rigorous academic work' 和 'traditional manual labor' → 在语篇中寻找同义或近义表述 → 段落[D]提及 'preparing them for the many responsibilities of adulthood'，隐含学术与实践结合 → 得出答案
42. 定位题干核心 'focus on educating students to become well-rounded citizens' 和 'instead of seeking their own expansion' → 在语篇中寻找对应表述 → 段落[C]明确提及 'replace concerns about institutional growth with attention to the growth of students as fully developed participants' → 得出答案
43. 定位题干核心 'essence of education lies in the interaction between people' → 在语篇中寻找关于教育本质或人际互动的论述 → 段落[C]提及 'growth of students as fully developed participants in their communities'，隐含人际互动 → 段落[D]提及 'helping students and preparing them for the many responsibilities of adulthood'，也隐含互动 → 结合微型学院的'小'特性（段落[B]）推断其强调人际互动 → 得出答案
44. 定位题干核心 'After her retirement, the author has decided to set up a tiny college' → 在语篇中寻找关于作者退休或创办学院的信息 → 段落[D]仅提及作者曾执教于不同机构，未提及退休或创办学院 → 语篇其他部分也无此信息 → 得出答案
45. 定位题干核心 'growth into full humanity comes through interaction with people near and dear to us' → 在语篇中寻找关于'人性成长'和'人际互动'的论述 → 段落[C]提及 'growth of students as fully developed participants in their communities'，并强调'human flourishing' → 段落[A]提及 'going small allows us to be more fully who we are' → 结合微型学院的'小'特性（段落[B]）推断其强调亲密互动 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换逻辑关系判断信息有无判断细节定位与捕捉推理判断隐含信息推断

译文：题干：一所位于养牛场上的美国微型学院致力于教育学生终身服务人类。正确项G：Deep Springs College位于一个养牛场，其使命是培养服务社会的人。

第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分

If you're someone who has turned to snacking on junk food more in the pandemic( ), you're not alone. Investigative reporter Michael Moss says processed food is engineered to hook you, not unlike alcohol, cigarettes, or other harmful substances. His 2013 book, Salt Sugar Fat, explored food companies' aggressive marketing of those products and their impact on our health. In his new book, Hooked, Moss updates the food giants' efforts to keep us eating what they serve, and how they're responding to complaints from consumers and health advocates. Processed food is inexpensive, it's legal, and it's everywhere. Companies' advertising is cueing us to remember those products and we want those products constantly. So the food environment is one of those key things that makes food even more problematic for so many people. Memory, nostalgia( ) in particular, plays a big role in the foods we crave. Soda companies discovered that if they put a soda in the hands of a child when they're at a ball game with their parents, that soda will forever be associated with that joyous moment. Later in life, when that child wants to experience a joyous moment, they're going to think of soda. Many people seek comfort in the snacks they remember from childhood. Moss examines the way companies capitalize on our memories, cravings and brain chemistry to keep us snacking. One of the reasons I came to think that some of these food products are even more powerful, more troublesome than drugs can be is memory. What we eat is all about memory. And we begin forming memories for food at a really early age. And we keep those memories for a lifetime. Knowing this, the food industry spends lots of time trying to shape the memories that we have for their products. One of the features of addiction that scientists studying drug addiction discovered back in the 1990s was that the faster a substance hits the brain, the more apt we are as a result to act impulsively. There's nothing faster than food in its ability to hit the brain. For Moss, this puts the notion of "fast food" in an entirely new light as this isn't limited to fast food chains-almost 90% of food products in grocery stores are processed foods. Everything in the industry is about speed, from manufacturing to packaging. Overall, Moss outlines the industry's dependence on making their products inexpensive, super delicious, and incredibly convenient for consumers. Now that more and more people care about what they put in their bodies and are wanting to eat healthier, these companies are finding it really difficult to meet that new demand because of their own addiction to making these convenience foods.

46. In what way does Michael Moss think processed food is comparable to alcohol and cigarettes?
  1. A.They are all addictive.
  2. B.They are all necessary evils.
  3. C.They are all engineered to be enjoyed.
  4. D.They are all in increasingly great demand.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'processed food'、'alcohol'、'cigarettes' → 在语篇首段找到类比句 'processed food is engineered to hook you, not unlike alcohol, cigarettes...' → 提取核心共性 'hook you'（使人上瘾） → 同义替换为 'addictive'。

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：Michael Moss 认为加工食品在哪些方面与酒精和香烟具有可比性？正确项：它们都具有成瘾性。

47. What does the author say plays a key role in the foods we crave?
  1. A.The food environment.
  2. B.Aggressive marketing.
  3. C.Convenience.
  4. D.Memory.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'key role'、'foods we crave' → 在语篇中直接找到原句 'Memory, nostalgia in particular, plays a big role in the foods we crave.' → 提取核心名词 'Memory'。

考点：细节定位原词复现

译文：题干：作者说什么在我们渴望的食物中扮演关键角色？正确项：记忆。

48. What do food companies do to capitalize on consumers' association with their food products?
  1. A.They strive to influence how consumers remember their products.
  2. B.They attempt to use consumers' long-term memories to promote addiction.
  3. C.They try to exploit consumers' memories for their products as early as possible.
  4. D.They endeavor to find what consumers remember about their products.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'capitalize on'、'association' → 在语篇中找到 'Moss examines the way companies capitalize on our memories...' 及前文 'the food industry spends lots of time trying to shape the memories that we have for their products.' → 综合得出公司试图'影响/塑造'消费者对其产品的记忆。

考点：细节定位指代与衔接同义替换

译文：题干：食品公司如何利用消费者与其食品的联想？正确项：他们努力影响消费者如何记住他们的产品。

49. How does the food industry operate from manufacturing to packaging, according to Moss?
  1. A.Placing the idea of fast food in an entirely new light.
  2. B.Setting no limit to the number of fast food chains.
  3. C.Focusing on how quickly the work is done.
  4. D.Prioritizing the quality of their products.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'manufacturing to packaging'、'operate' → 语篇未直接描述此过程，但末段提到 'the faster a substance hits the brain, the more apt we are... to act impulsively. There's nothing faster than food...' → 推断食品行业从制造到包装的核心逻辑是追求'速度'（快速作用于大脑）。

考点：推理判断细节关联

译文：题干：根据Moss的说法，食品行业从制造到包装是如何运作的？正确项：专注于工作完成的速度。

50. Why are companies finding it difficult to satisfy consumers' demand for healthier food products?
  1. A.They think speed of production outweighs consumers' health.
  2. B.They believe their industry would perish without fast foods.
  3. C.They have to strike a balance between taste and nutrition.
  4. D.They are hooked on manufacturing convenience foods.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'difficult to satisfy'、'healthier food' → 语篇未直接回答此问题，但通篇强调食品被'工程化'以使人上瘾（hooked），并利用记忆和大脑化学 → 推断公司自身也沉迷于（hooked on）制造能上瘾的便利食品，难以转向健康产品。

考点：推理判断观点态度

译文：题干：为什么公司发现很难满足消费者对更健康食品的需求？正确项：他们沉迷于制造便利食品。

Chimpanzees , human beings' closest animal relatives, share up to 98% of our genes. Yet humans and chimpanzees lead very different lives. Fewer than 300,000 wild chimpanzees live in a few forested corners of Africa today, while humans have colonized every corner of the globe. At more than 7 billion, human population dwarfs that of nearly all other mammals—despite our physical weaknesses. What could account for our species' incredible evolutionary successes? One obvious answer is our big brains. It could be that our raw intelligence gave us an unprecedented ability to think outside the box, innovating solutions to thorny problems as people migrated across the globe. But a growing number of cognitive scientists and anthropologists are rejecting that explanation. They think that, rather than making our living as innovators, we survive and thrive precisely because we don't think for ourselves. Instead, people cope with challenging climates and ecological contexts by carefully copying others. In a famous study, psychologists Victoria Horner and Andrew Whiten showed two groups of test subjects— children and chimpanzees—a mechanical box with a treat inside. In one condition, the box was opaque, while in the other it was transparent. The experimenters demonstrated how to open the box to retrieve the treat, but they also included the irrelevant step of tapping on the box with a stick. Oddly, the children carefully copied all the steps to open the box, even when they could see that the stick had no practical effect. That is, they copied irrationally: Instead of doing only what was necessary to get their reward, children slavishly imitated every action they'd witnessed. Of course, that study only included three—and four-year-olds. But additional research has shown that older children and adults are even more likely to mindlessly copy others' actions, and infants are less likely to over- imitate—that is, to precisely copy even impractical actions. By contrast, chimpanzees in the study only over-imitated in the opaque condition. In the transparent condition—where they saw that the stick was mechanically useless—they ignored that step entirely. Other research has since supported these findings. When it comes to copying, chimpanzees are more rational than human children or adults. Where does the seemingly irrational human preference for over-imitation come from? Anthropologist Joseph Henrich points out that people around the world rely on technologies that are often so complex that no one can learn them rationally. Instead, people must learn them step by step, trusting in the wisdom of more experienced elders and peers. So the next time you hear someone arguing passionately that everyone should embrace nonconformity and avoid imitating others, you might laugh a little bit. We're not chimpanzees, after all.

51. What might explain humans' having the largest population of almost all mammals?
  1. A.They are equipped with raw strength for solving the most challenging problems.
  2. B.They cope with the outside world more effectively than their animal relatives.
  3. C.They possess the most outstanding ability to think.
  4. D.They know how to survive everywhere on earth.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'largest population' → 定位到语篇首段关于人口数量的描述 → 结合后文 'One obvious answer is our big brains' 及 'raw intelligence' 进行同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：什么可能解释了人类在几乎所有哺乳动物中拥有最大种群数量的原因？正确项C：他们拥有最杰出的思考能力。

52. What accounts for humans' evolutionary successes according to a growing number of cognitive scientists and anthropologists?
  1. A.They are better at innovating solutions.
  2. B.They thrive through creative strategies.
  3. C.They are naturally adaptive to ecological contexts.
  4. D.They meet challenges by imitating others carefully.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'growing number of cognitive scientists and anthropologists' → 定位到语篇中 'They think that... we survive and thrive precisely because we don't think for ourselves. Instead, people cope... by carefully copying others.' → 进行同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：根据越来越多的认知科学家和人类学家的观点，是什么解释了人类的进化成功？正确项D：他们通过仔细模仿他人来应对挑战。

53. What does the author think is odd about the findings of the study by Victoria Horner and Andrew Whiten?
  1. A.Children irrationally imitated every action of the experimenters.
  2. B.Chimpanzees could tell the transparent box from the opaque one.
  3. C.Chimpanzees could retrieve the treat more quickly than children did.
  4. D.Children omitted the step of tapping on the box with a stick to open it.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'odd' 和 'Victoria Horner and Andrew Whiten' → 定位到语篇中 'Oddly, the children carefully copied all the steps... even when they could see that the stick had no practical effect.' → 进行同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：作者认为Victoria Horner和Andrew Whiten的研究发现中有什么奇怪之处？正确项A：儿童非理性地模仿了实验者的每一个动作。

54. What is anthropologist Joseph Henrich's explanation for the human preference for copying?
  1. A.It originates in the rationality of people around the world.
  2. B.It stems from the way people learn complex technologies.
  3. C.It results from people distrusting their own wisdom.
  4. D.It derives from the desire to acquire knowledge step by step.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'Joseph Henrich' 和 'explanation for the human preference for copying' → 定位到语篇后半部分（未完全给出，但根据上下文推断）关于Henrich解释模仿偏好的内容 → 结合语篇中 'cope with challenging climates... by carefully copying others' 及 'learn complex technologies' 的逻辑链 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位逻辑推理

译文：题干：人类学家Joseph Henrich对人类偏好模仿的解释是什么？正确项B：它源于人们学习复杂技术的方式。

55. What point does the author want to emphasize when he says "We're not chimpanzees"?
  1. A.It is arguable whether everyone should avoid imitation.
  2. B.It is characteristic of human beings to copy others.
  3. C.It is desirable to trust in more knowledgeable peers.
  4. D.It is naive to laugh at someone embracing nonconformity.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干引用句 'We're not chimpanzees' → 结合语篇整体论述：人类成功源于模仿而非创新 → 推断作者强调人类与黑猩猩在行为模式上的根本区别 → 得出答案

考点：主旨推断观点态度

译文：题干：当作者说'我们不是黑猩猩'时，他想强调什么观点？正确项B：模仿他人是人类的特征。

第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence "It is widely accepted that an important goal of education is to help students learn how to learn." You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

词数要求：150–200 词 · 107 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

It is widely accepted that an important goal of education is to help students learn how to learn. In my view, teaching learners to acquire knowledge on their own matters far more than simply filling their heads with facts, because the ability to learn lasts a lifetime. The reason is that knowledge itself keeps changing, while the skill of learning does not. Consider two students: one memorizes every formula the teacher offers, and the other masters how to find, question and apply new information. When they leave campus and face problems no textbook has covered, the first often feels lost, whereas the second keeps growing. My own experience confirms this. In college I taught myself programming through online courses; what my teachers really gave me was not the code, but the confidence and method to explore an unfamiliar field by myself. For these reasons, education should do more than deliver content. Once students truly learn how to learn, they hold a key that opens every door throughout their lives.

第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分

近年来,中国城市加快发展,城市人居环境得到显著改善。许多城市努力探索中国特色的城市高质量发展之路,城市功能不断完善,治理水平明显提高。中国持续开展城市生态修复和功能修补,全面实施城镇老旧小区改造,大力推进城市园林绿化,消除污染 ;同时大力推进城市基础设施体系化建设,开展房屋建筑和市政设施普查以及安全隐患排查整治,努力为市民创造高品质的生活环境,让城市更美丽、更安全、更宜居。

107 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

In recent years, Chinese cities have accelerated their development, and the urban living environment has improved significantly. Many cities strive to explore a path of high-quality urban development with Chinese characteristics, with urban functions being steadily improved and governance markedly enhanced. China has been carrying out a series of efforts, including the ecological restoration and functional improvement of cities, the comprehensive renovation of old urban residential communities, the vigorous promotion of urban landscaping and afforestation, and the elimination of pollution. At the same time, it vigorously advances the systematic construction of urban infrastructure and conducts surveys of housing and municipal facilities as well as the investigation and rectification of potential safety hazards, striving to create a high-quality living environment for citizens and to make cities more beautiful, safer and more livable.

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