2020年山东高考英语真题及答案解析

高考英语真题 · 在线做题

2020年山东高考英语真题

年份考次
2020 年
命题归属
省级自主命题
省份
山东
听力
含听力
题量
39 题
满分
137.5 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
第一节 听力理解 5 题 7.5 分 · 第二节 听力理解 15 题 22.5 分 · 第一节 阅读理解 15 题 37.5 分 · 第一节 完形填空 15 题 15 分 · 第二节 语法填空 10 题 15 分 · 第一节 应用文写作 1 题 15 分 · 第二节 读后续写 1 题 25 分
收录格式
PDF
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本页为《2020年山东高考英语真题》完整静态文字版（题干 · 选项 · 听力原文 · 答案 · 解析均为页面原生内容，无需登录即可阅读）；听力段附「播放本段听力」按钮（浏览器语音合成 · 学阶考试语速，可反复收听）；点上方「开始考试」进入在线做题页作答。

第 1 部分 · 第一节 听力理解 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)5 题 · 8 分

听力原文 · Question 1（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Daniel. I heard you're going to London for the summer program. M: Yes, but I haven't booked my flight yet. I'm still waiting for my parents' approval. W: Oh, I thought you had already bought the ticket last week. M: No, I decided to wait until they say yes.

1. What is the man's problem now?
  1. A.He hasn't got his parents' approval.
  2. B.He has lost his flight ticket.
  3. C.He can't afford the flight.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 waiting for my parents' approval → 判断未订票原因 → 排除未提及的丢票和没钱

考点：细节信息因果关系

译文：题干：这位男士现在的问题是什么？A：他还没得到父母的同意。B：他丢了机票。C：他买不起机票。

听力原文 · Question 2（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Excuse me, is this apartment still available? I saw the ad online. M: Yes, it is. The rent is 800 dollars a month, and it includes water and electricity. W: That sounds reasonable. How far is it from the subway station? M: Only about a five-minute walk.

2. What does the rent include?
  1. A.Water and electricity.
  2. B.Internet and gas.
  3. C.Furniture and cleaning.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：听到 includes water and electricity → 直接对应选项 → 排除未提及的网络燃气和家具清洁

考点：细节信息关键词捕捉

译文：题干：租金包含什么？A：水和电。B：网络和燃气。C：家具和清洁服务。

听力原文 · Question 3（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Professor Smith. I'd like to talk about my term paper topic. M: Sure, Emma. What do you plan to write about? W: I'm thinking of comparing two novels by Jane Austen. M: That's a good idea, but make sure you focus on one main theme.

3. What does the professor suggest Emma do?
  1. A.Focus on one main theme.
  2. B.Choose a different author.
  3. C.Write about more novels.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：捕捉转折信号 but 后的建议 → focus on one main theme → 对应A → 排除换作者和写更多小说

考点：信号词建议表达

译文：题干：教授建议Emma怎么做？A：聚焦一个主要主题。B：换一位作者。C：写更多小说。

听力原文 · Question 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Tom. Are you free this Saturday? We're organizing a charity run. M: I'd love to, but I have a part-time job at the café that day. W: That's a pity. The run starts at 8 in the morning. M: Maybe next time. Have fun!

4. Why can't the man join the charity run?
  1. A.He has to work that day.
  2. B.He is not interested in running.
  3. C.He has another event in the morning.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：听到 but 后原因 have a part-time job → 对应要工作 → 排除不感兴趣和另有活动

考点：信号词因果关系

译文：题干：男士为什么不能参加慈善跑？A：他那天要工作。B：他对跑步不感兴趣。C：他早上有别的活动。

听力原文 · Question 5（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Good morning, passengers. Flight BA256 to Paris is now boarding at Gate 12. M: Oh no, I thought we were leaving from Gate 8. W: There has been a change. Please proceed to Gate 12 immediately. M: Thanks for letting me know. I'll go there now.

5. What has happened to the flight?
  1. A.The gate number has changed.
  2. B.The flight has been delayed.
  3. C.The flight has been cancelled.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：听到 a change 和 proceed to Gate 12 → 判断登机口变更 → 排除延误和取消

考点：细节信息场景理解

译文：题干：这个航班发生了什么变化？A：登机口号码变了。B：航班延误了。C：航班取消了。

第 2 部分 · 第二节 听力理解 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)15 题 · 23 分

听力原文 · Questions 6 to 7（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Tom. I heard you went to the countryside last weekend. How was it? M: It was great, Sarah. My uncle invited me to his farm. I helped pick apples and fed the chickens. W: That sounds fun! Did you stay there for the whole weekend? M: Yes, I arrived on Saturday morning and came back on Sunday evening. The air there was so fresh. W: I wish I could go with you next time. By the way, did you take any photos? M: Of course. I took over fifty photos of the beautiful mountains and the farm. I'll show them to you tomorrow at school. W: I'm looking forward to seeing them. Maybe we can plan a trip together during the National Day holiday. M: Good idea! Let's talk about it after class tomorrow.

6. How long did Tom stay at his uncle's farm?
  1. A.For two days.
  2. B.For three days.
  3. C.For a whole week.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：捕捉时间信息 → 计算起止时间 → 得出停留时长

考点：时间起止数字计算

译文：题干：汤姆在叔叔的农场待了多久？A：两天。B：三天。C：整整一周。

7. What will Tom do with the photos he took?
  1. A.Show them to Sarah at school.
  2. B.Send them to his uncle.
  3. C.Print them for a photo album.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位照片相关句子 → 抓取将来动作 → 匹配选项

考点：细节捕捉将来时信号

译文：题干：汤姆打算怎么处理他拍的照片？A：明天在学校给萨拉看。B：发给他叔叔。C：打印出来做相册。

听力原文 · Questions 8 to 10（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

M: Hi, Julia. Have you decided where to go for the summer holiday? W: Not yet. I was thinking about the beach, but flights are so expensive in July. M: What about a cycling trip? My cousin went to the Lake District last year and loved it. W: That sounds fun, but I don't have a bike. Renting one for a week would cost about 200 pounds. M: True. Well, there's a walking tour in the mountains. It's organized by the university hiking club. W: Really? How much is it? M: 350 pounds for ten days, including food and a guide. But you need to carry your own bag. W: That's fine. I walk to campus every day, so I'm used to it. When does it start? M: On the 15th of July. You have to sign up by the 10th. W: That's only next week! I'd better decide quickly. M: If you pay before Friday, you get a 40-pound discount. W: Great. I'll go online tonight and fill in the form. M: Good. By the way, the club also lends sleeping bags for free. W: Perfect. I'll pick one up from the club office tomorrow.

8. What does the man suggest at first?
  1. A.Going on a cycling trip.
  2. B.Taking a beach holiday.
  3. C.Joining a walking tour.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：听清男士首次提议「What about a cycling trip?」→ 排除女士的 beach 计划与后文才提到的 walking tour → 确定答案 A。

考点：细节信息建议辨认

译文：男士一开始建议什么？A. 去骑行旅行。B. 去海滨度假。C. 参加徒步旅行。

9. How much will the woman pay if she signs up before Friday?
  1. A.200 pounds.
  2. B.310 pounds.
  3. C.350 pounds.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：抓原价 350 pounds → 听周五前优惠 40 pounds → 350−40=310，确定 B。

考点：数字计算折扣信息

译文：如果女士在周五前报名，她将支付多少钱？A. 200 英镑。B. 310 英镑。C. 350 英镑。

10. What will the woman do tomorrow?
  1. A.Sign up online.
  2. B.Pay the fee in person.
  3. C.Get a sleeping bag.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：听女士说明天计划「pick one up from the club office tomorrow」→ 结合上文 one 指 sleeping bag → 确定 C。

考点：细节信息代词指代

译文：女士明天将做什么？A. 在网上报名。B. 当面缴费。C. 去领一个睡袋。

听力原文 · Questions 11 to 13（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Tom. I heard you are planning a trip to the countryside this weekend. Are you going by yourself? M: No, Sarah. I was going to, but I decided to join a group tour organized by the student union. It's safer and more fun. W: That sounds great. Where exactly are you going? M: We are heading to Green Valley. It's about two hours' drive from here. We will leave at 7:30 a.m. on Saturday morning. W: What are you going to do there? M: On the first day, we will go hiking in the mountains and visit a small farm. The farmer there teaches visitors how to pick strawberries. W: That sounds interesting. Where will you stay? M: We will spend the night in a local hotel. It's not very expensive, only 120 yuan per person for one night. W: How much does the whole trip cost? M: The total price is 350 yuan, including the bus, the hotel and two lunches. It's quite cheap. W: I wish I could go with you, but I have to visit my grandparents this weekend. Have a good time! M: Thanks, Sarah. I will take some photos for you.

11. How will Tom travel to Green Valley?
  1. A.By bus
  2. B.By train
  3. C.By car
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位出行方式 → 结合后文费用包含内容 → 排除其他交通方式

考点：细节信息费用包含内容

译文：题干：汤姆将怎样去格林山谷？ A. 乘公共汽车 B. 乘火车 C. 开车

12. What will the group do on the first day?
  1. A.Visit a museum
  2. B.Go hiking and visit a farm
  3. C.Go swimming in the river
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位第一天活动安排 → 提取关键信息 → 排除未提及的活动

考点：细节信息时间线定位

译文：题干：小组第一天将做什么？ A. 参观博物馆 B. 徒步旅行并参观农场 C. 在河里游泳

13. How much does the whole trip cost per person?
  1. A.120 yuan
  2. B.350 yuan
  3. C.470 yuan
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：区分住宿费与总费用 → 定位总价信息 → 排除相近数字干扰

考点：数字听辨费用区分

译文：题干：整个旅行每人花费多少？ A. 120元 B. 350元 C. 470元

听力原文 · Questions 14 to 16（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi, Tom. I heard you are going to study abroad next year. Have you decided which country? M: Yes, I am going to Canada. I have always wanted to visit Vancouver. W: That sounds great! When are you leaving? M: I will leave in September. I have already got my visa. W: Congratulations! Have you found a place to live? M: Not yet. I am looking for an apartment near the university. I don't want to live in the dormitory because it is too expensive. W: How much do you want to spend on rent each month? M: About 800 dollars. I have searched online, but most apartments are over my budget. W: You can try to find a roommate. That will save you a lot of money. M: That is a good idea. Do you know anyone who is also going to Canada? W: My friend Lisa is going to Toronto. She is also looking for a roommate. M: Really? Can you introduce us? W: Sure. I will send her your contact information. M: Thank you so much. You are really helpful.

14. What is Tom going to do next year?
  1. A.Study abroad
  2. B.Find a job
  3. C.Travel around
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位开场寒暄 → 抓取关键信息「going to study abroad」→ 排除找工作和旅游两个干扰项

考点：场景识别关键信息捕捉

译文：题干：汤姆明年打算做什么？A. 出国留学 B. 找工作 C. 周游世界

15. How much does Tom want to spend on rent each month?
  1. A.About 600 dollars
  2. B.About 800 dollars
  3. C.About 1000 dollars
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位租金话题 → 抓取具体数字「800 dollars」→ 排除600和1000两个相近数字

考点：数字捕捉细节理解

译文：题干：汤姆每月想花多少钱租房？A. 大约600美元 B. 大约800美元 C. 大约1000美元

16. Why doesn't Tom want to live in the dormitory?
  1. A.It is too far from school
  2. B.It is too expensive
  3. C.It is too noisy
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位住宿话题 → 抓取因果信号词「because」→ 提取原因「too expensive」→ 排除距离远和太吵两个干扰项

考点：信号词捕捉因果关系理解

译文：题干：汤姆为什么不想住宿舍？A. 离学校太远 B. 太贵了 C. 太吵了

听力原文 · Questions 17 to 20（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Good morning, listeners. Today we have Mr. David Miller from Green Valley Farm with us. Mr. Miller, welcome. M: Thank you. I'm happy to introduce our farm to you. Green Valley Farm is located in the countryside, about two hours' drive from the city center. We opened to visitors five years ago, and now we welcome over 300 guests every week during the summer season. W: That sounds wonderful. What can visitors do there? M: Well, visitors can pick fresh strawberries from May to July. In autumn, they can pick apples and pumpkins. Besides picking fruit, families can also feed the animals, such as sheep, chickens, and rabbits. Children really love that part. W: How much does it cost to visit? M: The entrance fee is 15 dollars per adult, and children under 12 go free. If you want to pick fruit, you pay for what you pick, about 4 dollars per kilogram. W: That's quite reasonable. Do visitors need to book in advance? M: Yes, especially on weekends. We recommend booking at least two days ahead. You can book online through our website or simply call us at 555-0198. W: Is there a restaurant on the farm? M: We don't have a big restaurant, but we do have a small café. It serves fresh milk, homemade bread, and seasonal fruit salads. All the food is made with ingredients from our own farm. W: That's great. One more question — what should visitors bring with them? M: A hat and sunscreen in summer, and comfortable shoes are always a good idea. Oh, and don't forget to bring a basket if you want to pick fruit. W: Thank you very much, Mr. Miller. I'm sure our listeners will enjoy visiting Green Valley Farm.

17. Where is Green Valley Farm located?
  1. A.In the city center
  2. B.Two hours' drive from the city center
  3. C.Next to a big shopping mall
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位农场位置信息 → 听到 countryside 及 two hours' drive from the city center → 对应选项 B

考点：场景与人物关系地点信息定位

译文：题干：Green Valley Farm 位于哪里？A：在市中心；B：距市中心两小时车程；C：在一家大型购物中心旁边

18. How much should a couple with one 10-year-old child pay for entrance?
  1. A.15 dollars
  2. B.30 dollars
  3. C.45 dollars
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位门票价格信息 → 听到成人 15 美元、12 岁以下免费 → 计算 15×2=30 美元 → 对应选项 B

考点：数字与时间捕捉简单计算

译文：题干：一对夫妇带一个 10 岁孩子入场应支付多少？A：15 美元；B：30 美元；C：45 美元

19. What does the farm's café serve?
  1. A.Fast food like hamburgers and fries
  2. B.Fresh milk, homemade bread, and seasonal fruit salads
  3. C.Only coffee and tea
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位 café 相关信息 → 听到 serves fresh milk, homemade bread, and seasonal fruit salads → 对应选项 B

考点：细节信息捕捉近义排除

译文：题干：农场的咖啡馆提供什么？A：汉堡薯条等快餐；B：鲜奶、自制面包和时令水果沙拉；C：只有咖啡和茶

20. What does Mr. Miller advise visitors to bring?
  1. A.A camera and a map
  2. B.A hat, sunscreen, and comfortable shoes
  3. C.A tent and sleeping bag
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位建议携带物品信息 → 听到 a hat and sunscreen 及 comfortable shoes → 对应选项 B

考点：细节信息捕捉建议类信息定位

译文：题干：Mr. Miller 建议游客带什么？A：相机和地图；B：帽子、防晒霜和舒适的鞋子；C：帐篷和睡袋

第 3 部分 · 第一节 阅读理解 （共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）15 题 · 38 分

Rules Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. ■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines. ■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper. ■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. ■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.

1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?
  1. A.Two.
  2. B.Three.
  3. C.Four.
  4. D.Six.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位规则部分 → 识别‘grand prize’相关条款 → 提取数字信息

考点：细节定位数字信息提取

译文：题干：每位大奖获得者可以带多少人参加免费旅行？正确项：两人。

2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?
  1. A.A plane ticket.
  2. B.A book by Corinne Szabo.
  3. C.A special T-shirt.
  4. D.A photo of Amelia Earhart.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位规则部分 → 识别‘honorable mention’相关条款 → 提取奖品信息

考点：细节定位信息匹配

译文：题干：每位荣誉奖获得者将获得什么？正确项：一件特别的T恤。

3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?
  1. A.Typing your poem out.
  2. B.Writing a poem of 120 words.
  3. C.Using both sides of the paper.
  4. D.Mailing your entry on October 30. B Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（学费）, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that’s pretty powerful.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位规则部分 → 逐条比对选项与规则 → 找出违反规则的选项

考点：细节定位规则比对

译文：题干：以下哪项会导致取消资格？正确项：写一首120词的诗。

4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
  1. A.She helped her dad with his work.
  2. B.She ran the family farm on her own.
  3. C.She supported herself through college.
  4. D.She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位Jennifer个人经历部分 → 识别‘after high school’时间节点 → 提取对应行动

考点：细节定位时间线匹配

译文：题干：詹妮弗高中毕业后做了什么？正确项：她通过上大学养活了自己。

5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield?
  1. A.To take care of her kids easily.
  2. B.To learn from the best nurses.
  3. C.To save money for her parents.
  4. D.To find a well-paid job there.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位Jennifer选择该项目的原因部分 → 提取直接原因 → 进行合理推断

考点：细节定位原因推断

译文：题干：詹妮弗为什么选择马什菲尔德圣约瑟夫部医院的项目？正确项：为了方便照顾她的孩子。

6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
  1. A.Her health.
  2. B.Her time with family.
  3. C.Her reputation.
  4. D.Her chance of promotion.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词‘sacrifice’与‘goal’ → 在语篇中寻找Jennifer为达成目标所放弃的具体事物 → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：Jennifer为了实现她的目标牺牲了什么？ 正确项B：她与家人相处的时间。

7. What can we learn from Jenifer’s story?
  1. A.Time is money.
  2. B.Love breaks down barriers.
  3. C.Hard work pays off.
  4. D.Education is the key to success. C In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral（葬礼）followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：通读Jennifer故事全文 → 提炼故事核心寓意（努力工作终有回报） → 匹配选项C

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：从Jennifer的故事中我们可以学到什么？ 正确项C：努力工作会有回报。

8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?
  1. A.His friends’ invitation.
  2. B.His interest in the country.
  3. C.His love for teaching.
  4. D.His desire to regain health.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词‘return to Uzbekistan’ → 在语篇中寻找Mr Bissell返回的原因 → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：是什么让Bissell先生返回乌兹别克斯坦？ 正确项B：他对这个国家的兴趣。

9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
  1. A.Developing a serious mental disease.
  2. B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
  3. C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
  4. D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位第二段划线词‘that’ → 分析其语法功能（指代前文某件事） → 在语篇中寻找‘that’所指代的具体内容 → 匹配选项D

考点：指代与衔接

译文：题干：第二段中划线的‘that’指代什么？ 正确项D：写一篇关于咸海的文章。

10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell’s road trip in Uzbekistan?
  1. A.Romantic.
  2. B.Eventful.
  3. C.Pleasant.
  4. D.Dangerous.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：通读描述Mr Bissell乌兹别克斯坦公路旅行的段落 → 综合文中描述的事件（如意外、挑战等） → 推断出旅程的性质 → 匹配选项B

考点：推理判断

译文：题干：以下哪项最能描述Bissell先生在乌兹别克斯坦的公路旅行？ 正确项B：多事的/充满事件的。

11. What is the purpose of this text?
  1. A.To introduce a book.
  2. B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.
  3. C.To remember a writer.
  4. D.To recommend a travel destination. D According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin. For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别文本为规则列表 → 归纳其功能为介绍某项活动的规则 → 匹配选项A（介绍一本书）为最接近的概括

考点：主旨大意文本功能识别

译文：题干：这篇文章的目的是什么？正确项A：介绍一本书。

According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin. For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

12. What is the recent study mainly about?
  1. A.Food safety.
  2. B.Movie viewership.
  3. C.Consumer demand.
  4. D.Eating behavior.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位首段主题句（研究关于同伴如何影响食物摄入） → 概括核心为“进食行为” → 匹配选项D

考点：主旨大意主题句定位

译文：题干：最近的研究主要关于什么？正确项D：进食行为。

13. What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to?
  1. A.Big eaters.
  2. B.Overweight persons.
  3. C.Picky eaters.
  4. D.Tall thin persons.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位划线词在首段的语境（与“heavier people”对比） → 结合后文实验描述（thin actor） → 推断其指代“瘦高的人” → 匹配选项D

考点：熟词僻义语境推断词义

译文：题干：第一段中划线单词“beanpoles”指的是什么？正确项D：瘦高的人。

14. Why did the researchers hire the actor?
  1. A.To see how she would affect the participants.
  2. B.To test if the participants could recognize her.
  3. C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.
  4. D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位实验描述（演员先取食物） → 推断其作为实验变量以观察对参与者的影响 → 匹配选项A

考点：推理判断实验目的推断

译文：题干：研究人员为什么雇佣这位演员？正确项A：看看她会如何影响参与者。

15. On what basis do we "adjust the influence" according to the last paragraph?
  1. A.How hungry we are.
  2. B.How slim we want to be.
  3. C.How we perceive others.
  4. D.How we feel about the food.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位末段结论（我们根据对同伴的感知来调整影响） → 同义替换“perceive others”为“how we perceive others” → 匹配选项C

考点：推理判断结论句同义替换

译文：题干：根据最后一段，我们基于什么来“调整影响”？正确项C：我们如何看待他人。

第 4 部分 · 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second [21] . He learned the value and beauty of [22] there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something [23] happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the [24] it caused had driven away a number of birds. [25] , the number of snakes had declined as well. He [26] that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the [27] . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek [28] during the daytime. He turned to the [29] department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and [30] a nearby island where he began to plant trees. [31] young plants in the dry season was [32] for a lone boy. Molai built at the [33] of each sapling（幼树）a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to [34] rainwater. The water would then drip（滴落）on the plants below. Molai [35] to plant trees for the next 37 years, His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice
22. A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge
23. A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward
24. A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage
25. A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise
26. A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted
27. A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust
28. A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter
29. A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance
30. A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed
31. A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding
32. A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial
33. A.backB.topC.footD.side
34. A.cool downB.keep offC.purifyD.collect
35. A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued
参考答案与解析

答案：21-C　22-A　23-C　24-D　25-A　26-B　27-B　28-D　29-C　30-B　31-C　32-A　33-B　34-D　35-D

解析：21 空 根据后文‘learned the value and beauty of nature there’推断，湿地成为他的第二‘家’，体现归属感与情感联系
22 空 根据后文‘learned the value and beauty of nature there’直接定位，湿地环境对应‘nature’
23 空 根据后文‘A flood had hit the area’和‘the damage it caused’推断，洪水造成破坏，因此是‘disturbing’（令人不安的）事情
24 空 根据后文‘it caused had driven away a number of birds’推断，洪水造成‘damage’（损害），导致鸟类离开
25 空 根据前文‘the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds’和后文‘the number of snakes had declined as well’推断，前后是并列关系，用‘Besides’（此外）
26 空 根据上下文因果逻辑（洪水导致鸟类离开，蛇数量下降）→ 推断Molai对原因的认知过程 → 选择表示‘意识到’的动词
27 空 定位前文‘洪水’与后文‘保护’ → 推断树木需要抵御的自然因素 → 选择与‘保护’搭配且符合‘干旱季节’语境的名词
28 空 根据‘种树’的目的（让动物在白天寻求______）→ 结合前文‘保护免受酷热’ → 推断树木提供的功能 → 选择表示‘庇护所’的名词
29 空 根据‘寻求帮助’的对象（被告知那里什么也长不出来）→ 结合全文‘种树’主题 → 推断最相关的政府部门 → 选择表示‘林业’的名词
30 空 根据‘独自寻找’和‘开始种树’的动作 → 推断Molai对岛屿的发现过程 → 选择表示‘发现’的动词
31 空 定位空格后语境‘in the dry season’与‘rainwater’ → 推断动作需与‘水’相关 → 得出答案
32 空 定位空格前‘for a lone boy’与后文‘built...platform’ → 推断任务性质 → 得出答案
33 空 定位空格后‘of each sapling’与‘a bamboo platform’ → 推断平台位置 → 得出答案
34 空 定位空格后‘rainwater’与‘drip on the plants below’ → 推断陶罐功能 → 得出答案
35 空 定位空格后‘for the next 37 years’与后文‘efforts have resulted in’ → 推断动作的持续性 → 得出答案

考点：语境选词近义词辨析逻辑衔接词转折与信号词捕捉动词搭配固定搭配时态与语态

译文：Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。村庄靠近一些湿地，那里成了他的第二____。他从小就从那里学到了自然的价值和美丽。

第 5 部分 · 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

第二节 语法填空

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, [36] （wealth）people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big [37] until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, [38] （form）the core collection of the British Museum [39] opened in 1759. The parts of a museum open to the public [40] （call）galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection [41] （be）on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine [42] （they） living at a different time in history or [43] （walk）through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical [44] （accurate）is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete [45] people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
参考答案与解析

答案：36-wealthy　37-or　38-formed　39-which/that　40-are called　41-is　42-themselves　43-walking　44-accuracy　45-for

解析：36 空 分析句子结构与语义 → 判断空格处需形容词作表语 → 根据语境选择表示‘富有的’的形容词
37 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 判断空格前后为选择关系 → 选择表示‘或者’的连词
38 空 分析主语为复数名词短语 → 判断谓语动词时态 → 结合时间状语18、19世纪确定用一般过去时
39 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处引导定语从句 → 根据先行词和从句成分选择关系代词
40 空 分析句子结构 → 判断主语与call为主被动关系 → 用一般现在时被动语态
41 空 分析句子时态 → 判断空格处需系动词 → 根据主语和时态选择正确的be动词形式
42 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处需反身代词 → 根据主语选择对应的反身代词形式
43 空 分析句子结构，判断空格处需要非谓语动词作状语 → 根据逻辑主语与动词的主动关系 → 选择现在分词形式
44 空 分析句子成分，判断空格处需要名词 → 根据词根词缀知识，将形容词 accurate 转换为名词形式
45 空 识别固定搭配 take on 的用法 → 根据语境判断介词 → 确定正确搭配

考点：语境选词形容词作表语状语从句选择关系连词主谓一致一般过去时定语从句关系代词选择被动语态时态与语态系动词主谓一致与指代一致反身代词非谓语动词作状语现在分词表主动词根词缀转换形容词变名词动词搭配 take on固定搭配

译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：他来自一个______家庭。正确答案：wealthy（富有的）

第 6 部分 · 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参加人员： 2. 跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下： 3. 活动反响。 注意：

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Last Sunday, our school successfully held a 5-kilometer cross-country race, which attracted a large number of participants, including students from different grades and some enthusiastic teachers. The race started from the school gate and ended at the foot of South Mountain, offering runners a chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. The event was a great success. Participants showed great enthusiasm and sportsmanship, cheering each other on throughout the race. Many students said the activity not only helped them exercise but also strengthened their willpower. The school plans to make this race an annual event to promote a healthy lifestyle among students.

第 7 部分 · 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分）1 题 · 25 分

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy — his name was Bernard — had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don’t see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money.” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish（完成）.” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us？Well, we can make popcorn（爆米花）, and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 25 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

“You know that big box of corn we harvested from the garden last fall? We could make popcorn and sell it at the community fair this weekend!” John explained excitedly. His siblings’ eyes lit up immediately. Clara clapped her hands, “That’s brilliant! Bernard could help us make the popcorn, and we could give him a share of the money.” Harry nodded enthusiastically, “We can set up a stand together. I’ll handle the signs, and Clara can manage the money.” The next morning, the Meredith children visited Bernard and shared their plan. At first, the boy looked hesitant, but when John assured him, “You’ll be our most important partner,” a shy smile spread across his face. Together, they spent the afternoon popping corn, packaging it in paper bags, and decorating their stand with colorful drawings. On fair day, the stand was a huge success. People from all over the community came to buy their popcorn, touched by the children’s initiative and Bernard’s quiet dedication. By evening, they had earned more than enough to help Bernard’s family. As they counted the coins, Bernard whispered, “Thank you. Now I can buy medicine for my father.” The Meredith children exchanged warm smiles, knowing that sometimes the smallest ideas, when shared with kindness, can make the biggest difference.

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