2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析
2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）真题 · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2020 年
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 题量
- 29 题
- 满分
- 100 分
- 限时
- 180 分钟
- 题型结构
- 完形填空 20 题 10 分 · 阅读 Part A 20 题 40 分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型 1 题 10 分 · 英译汉 5 题 10 分 · 写作 Part A 1 题 10 分 · 写作 Part B 1 题 20 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
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第 1 部分 · 完形填空1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-B 2-A 3-D 4-B 5-C 6-D 7-B 8-C 9-C 10-A 11-A 12-C 13-D 14-B 15-A 16-D 17-C 18-A 19-D 20-B
解析：1 空 根据空格后名词短语 'a cold winter's day' 判断介词搭配 → 'on a day' 为固定搭配 → 得出答案
2 空 根据前文 'few culinary pleasures can ___ it' 及 'it' 指代 'the Sunday roast' 判断 → 需要表达'比得上、媲美'之意 → 'match' 符合语境 → 得出答案
3 空 根据前文 'this ___ should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure' 及全文对'周日烤肉'的正面描述 → 需要表达'享受、乐趣'之意 → 'enjoyment' 符合语境 → 得出答案
4 空 根据空格后 'to damage our health' 及前文 'guilty pleasure' 判断 → 需要表达'被保证/注定会'损害健康 → 'guaranteed' 符合语境 → 得出答案
5 空 根据宾语 'a public warning' 判断动词搭配 → 'issue a warning' 为固定搭配 → 得出答案
6 空 识别固定搭配 → 确认介词搭配 → 得出答案
7 空 分析上下文逻辑 → 识别建议的否定性 → 选择表示“避免”的动词 → 得出答案
8 空 分析并列结构与对比逻辑 → 识别“only”限定的弱化动作 → 选择表示“部分”的副词 → 得出答案
9 空 分析从句与主句的逻辑关系 → 识别让步/对比关系 → 选择表示“虽然”的连词 → 得出答案
10 空 分析上下文对比逻辑 → 识别“no”与“but”的转折 → 选择与“动物实验”相对的“人类确凿证据” → 得出答案
11 空 定位空格后不定式结构 → 分析逻辑关系（可能性 vs 必然性） → 选择表示可能性的形容词
12 空 定位空格后名词短语‘the precautionary principle’ → 识别固定搭配‘on the basis of’ → 验证逻辑（基于原则提出论点）
13 空 定位空格前‘it is’结构 → 分析‘to follow the FSA advice’的语义倾向 → 选择表示建议/明智的形容词
14 空 定位空格后完整句子 → 分析前后句逻辑关系（前句：建议遵循；后句：吸烟致癌的类比） → 选择表示补充说明/原因的连接词
15 空 定位空格前动词‘prove’ → 分析‘smoking caused cancer’这一传言的最终结果 → 选择表示‘关联/联系’的名词
16 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（a piece of boiled beef）与宾语（up on Sunday）的语义关系 → 匹配固定搭配 serve up（上菜） → 得出答案
17 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析前后文逻辑关系（前文提出质疑，后文给出FSA的澄清） → 判断此处为让步或公平性评价 → 匹配 To be fair（平心而论） → 得出答案
18 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析并列结构（not... but...） → 对比“完全戒掉”与“减少终生摄入量” → 选择表示“完全、彻底”的副词 → 得出答案
19 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（their）指代FSA的行动 → 结合后文“显得专横和过度保护” → 选择表示“行动、运动”的名词 → 得出答案
20 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析主语（Constant health scares）与结果（with no one listening） → 匹配固定搭配 end up（最终成为/结果） → 得出答案
考点：介词与时间名词搭配近义词辨析语境选词动词与名词搭配固定搭配 at high temperatures逻辑关系逻辑对比状语从句固定搭配逻辑衔接词serve up 上菜动词搭配篇章结构固定搭配 end up
译文：在一个寒冷的冬日，很少有烹饪乐趣能与之媲美。
第 2 部分 · 阅读 Part A20 题 · 40 分
A group of Labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017, and has been awarded to Coventry for 2021. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, ought not to be confined to cities. Britain's towns, it is true, are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bid to beat their bigger competitors. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs. Some might see the proposal as a booby prize for the fact that Britain is no longer able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Liverpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows what will follow—village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture? It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture" washes in and washes out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of a complex series of factors that have turned the city into the powerhouse of art, music and theatre that it remains today. A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities—helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people. Jeremy Wright, the culture secretary, should welcome this positive, hope-filled proposal, and turn it into action.
- A.consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.
- B.promote cooperation among Britain's towns.
- C.increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.
- D.focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位Cooper观点句 → 提取‘attracting funding and creating jobs’ → 同义替换为‘increase economic strength’
考点：细节定位同义改写
译文：题干：库珀及其同事认为，一项‘文化小镇’奖可以____。正确项：增强英国城镇的经济实力。
- A.a sensible compromise.
- B.a self-deceiving attempt.
- C.an eye-catching bonus.
- D.an inaccessible target.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位‘Some might see... as a booby prize’ → 结合后文‘no longer able to apply for... European capital of culture’推断 → ‘booby prize’含贬义，指安慰奖 → 同义替换为‘self-deceiving attempt’
考点：词义猜测推理判断
译文：题干：根据第二段，该提议可能被一些人视为____。正确项：一种自欺欺人的尝试。
- A.endeavours to maintain its image.
- B.meets the aspiration of its people.
- C.brings its local arts to prominence.
- D.commits to its long-term growth.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位‘The really successful holders... are those that do a great deal more than...’ → 提取‘transform aspirations’和‘nudge self-image’ → 推断其核心是带来长期、深刻的改变 → 同义替换为‘commits to its long-term growth’
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：作者认为，一个称号持有者只有在____时才是成功的。正确项：致力于其长期发展。
- A.a contrasting case.
- B.a supporting example.
- C.a background story.
- D.a related topic.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位Glasgow在第三段的出现位置 → 分析其前后文逻辑 → 前文论述成功需要远见与合作，后文用Glasgow案例证明‘it can be done’ → 判断其作用为举例论证
考点：篇章结构例证功能
译文：题干：第三段提及格拉斯哥是为了呈现____。正确项：一个支持性例证。
- A.Skeptical.
- B.Objective.
- C.Favourable.
- D.Critical.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：通览全文语气 → 识别作者对提议的肯定（如‘it can be done’）与谨慎（如‘not a cure-all’） → 综合判断为总体支持但保持客观 → 选择最接近的‘Favourable’
考点：观点态度
译文：题干：作者对该提议的态度是什么？正确项：赞成的。
Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge. With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis. The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them. The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants. In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release. Yet the new system has not yet worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around £500 to £5,000, and apparently the work gets more expensive the more that publishers do it. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.
- A.its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.
- B.its marketing strategy has been successful.
- C.its payment for peer review is reduced.
- D.its content acquisition costs nothing.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'licence to print money' → 定位至首段第二、三句，提取 'supply the articles without monetary reward' 与 'perform... peer review also for free' → 同义替换为 'content acquisition costs nothing' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：科学出版被视为“印钞许可证”，部分原因是____。正确项：其内容获取成本为零。
- A.thrived mainly on university libraries.
- B.gone through an existential crisis.
- C.revived the publishing industry.
- D.financed researchers generously.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'Elsevier' → 定位至第二段，提取 'university libraries were not very price sensitive' 与 'UK universities alone spent more than £210m' → 推理出其主要收入来源是大学图书馆 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：根据第2和第3段，科学出版商爱思唯尔（Elsevier）____。正确项：主要依靠大学图书馆而繁荣。
- A.Relieved.
- B.Puzzled.
- C.Concerned.
- D.Encouraged.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'Sci-Hub' → 定位至第二段末尾，提取作者对其的定性 'most drastic, and thoroughly illegal' 以及 'shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy' → 推断作者态度为担忧（Concerned） → 得出答案
考点：观点态度推理判断
译文：题干：作者对Sci-Hub的成功有何感受？正确项：担忧的。
- A.allow publishers some room to make money.
- B.render publishing much easier for scientists.
- C.reduce the cost of publication substantially.
- D.free universities from financial burdens.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'open access terms' → 定位至第五段，提取 'paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit' → 推理出开放获取条款为出版商保留了盈利空间 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：从第5和第6段可以得知，开放获取条款____。正确项：允许出版商有赚钱的空间。
- A.Trial subscription is offered.
- B.Labour triumphs over status.
- C.Costs are well controlled.
- D.The few feed on the many.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：通读全文，把握核心矛盾 → 提取首段 'licence to print money'、'content... secured for free'、'profit margins approaching 40%' 与末段 'publishers can make a profit' → 归纳出模式特征：少数出版商利用多数科学家的免费劳动获利 → 同义替换为 'The few feed on the many' → 得出答案
考点：主旨大意推理判断
译文：题干：以下哪项描述了科学出版模式的特点？正确项：少数人靠多数人获利。
Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people. A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provides a case in point. Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government boards are less than 40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022. The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional. The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest. Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection". But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what? The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent. Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota. Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt" phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards. Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity, remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do little to help average women.
- A.help little to reduce gender bias.
- B.pose a threat to the state government.
- C.raise women's position in politics.
- D.greatly broaden career options.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位作者对法案的评价 → 识别作者认为法案是虚伪的美德信号，仅惠及特权阶层 → 推断法案对减少性别偏见作用甚微
考点：作者观点定位同义替换
译文：题干：作者认为由刘易斯和哈达德提出的法案将____。正确项A：对减少性别偏见帮助甚微。
- A.It has irritated private business owners.
- B.It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.
- C.It may go against the Constitution.
- D.It will settle the prior controversies.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位加州法案相关描述 → 识别州长承认其可能违宪，且法院可能裁定其违宪 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：关于加州法案，以下哪项是正确的？正确项C：它可能违反宪法。
- A.the harm from arbitrary board decision.
- B.the importance of constitutional guarantees.
- C.the pressure on women in global corporations.
- D.the needlessness of government interventions.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位Catalyst研究 → 识别其用于论证女性董事会比例在无政府干预下已稳步增长 → 推断作者用以说明政府干预的不必要性
考点：例证目的推断上下文逻辑
译文：题干：作者提及Catalyst的研究是为了说明____。正确项D：政府干预的不必要性。
- A.the underestimation of elite women's role.
- B.the objection to female participation on boards.
- C.the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.
- D.the growing tension between labor and management.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位挪威案例 → 识别其作为前文“导致董事会经验不足”的例证 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位因果逻辑
译文：题干：挪威在全国范围内采用企业性别配额导致了____。正确项C：不合格候选人进入董事会。
- A.Women's need in employment should be considered.
- B.Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.
- C.Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.
- D.Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：综合全文对强制配额的批评 → 识别作者强调现有机制有效、强制干预可能违宪且无效 → 推断政策制定应优先考虑可行性
考点：全文主旨推断作者态度
译文：题干：从文中可以推断出以下哪项？正确项B：可行性应是政策制定的首要关切。
Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a "GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon—in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States. The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks. But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the United States trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies, which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France. The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead, the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. They have included Britain's DPT. (diverted profits tax), Australia's MAAL (multinational anti-avoidance law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union, Spain, Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes. These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax, even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy. In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach a consensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system. France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.
- A.regulate digital services platforms.
- B.protect French companies' interests.
- C.impose a levy on tech multinationals.
- D.curb the influence of advertising.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位首段首句 → 提取核心动作‘passed a digital services tax’与对象‘large multinationals’ → 同义替换为‘impose a levy on tech multinationals’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：法国参议院通过了一项法案，以____。正确项C：对科技跨国公司征税。
- A.may trigger countermeasures against France.
- B.is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.
- C.aims to ease international trade tensions.
- D.will prompt the tech giants to quit France.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位第二段末句 → 提取‘sparked significant controversy’与‘could lead to trade sanctions against France’ → 推理出可能引发针对法国的反制措施
考点：细节定位因果推理
译文：题干：从第二段可以得知，数字服务税____。正确项A：可能引发针对法国的反制措施。
- A.redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.
- B.the current international tax system needs upgrading.
- C.tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.
- D.all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位第四段末句 → 提取‘they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy’ → 同义替换为‘needs upgrading’
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：采取单边措施的国家共同认为____。正确项B：现行国际税收体系需要升级。
- A.is being resisted by US companies.
- B.needs to be readjusted immediately.
- C.is faced with uncertain prospects.
- D.needs to involve more countries.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位第五段末句 → 提取‘OECD is currently working...to reach a consensus’ → 结合前文‘unilateral measures’的背景，推理其工作面临不确定性
考点：细节定位语境推理
译文：题干：从第五段可以得知，经合组织当前的工作____。正确项C：面临不确定的前景。
- A.France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions
- B.France leads the charge on Digital Tax
- C.France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals
- D.France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：通览全文 → 提取核心事件‘France passed a digital services tax’及其作为‘larger trend’的引领作用 → 概括为‘France leads the charge on Digital Tax’
考点：主旨概括结构把握
译文：题干：以下哪项可能是本文的最佳标题？正确项B：法国引领数字税。
第 3 部分 · 阅读 Part B 新题型1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考排列：
Eye contact can be a friendly social signal / Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated / Eye contact can be aggressive. / Eye fixations are brief / Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact
第 4 部分 · 英译汉5 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
随着教会的教义与思维方式被文艺复兴所遮蔽,中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合,从而通向崭新而未经探索的知识领域。(47) Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways ofthinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
在哥白尼等人各自做出这些发现之前,当时许多思想家一直沿袭着更为古老的思维方式,其中就包括认为地球处于宇宙中心的地心说观点。(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists,more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people couldno longer ignore.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
尽管教会试图压制这一代新兴的逻辑学家和理性主义者,但关于宇宙如何运行的解释仍被不断提出,其势头之快,人们再也无法忽视。(49) As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into theworld, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era—the Age of Reason.
参考答案与解析
参考译文
随着许多人担起将理性与科学哲学融入世界的责任,文艺复兴宣告结束,一个新时代到来了——这就是理性时代。(50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew werecaptured by the Latin phrase 'sapere aude' or 'dare to know',
参考答案与解析
参考译文
这些寻求知识、理解我们已经掌握的信息的行动,被拉丁语短语 'sapere aude'(即'dare to know',意为『敢于求知』)所概括,SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲8 句真题句逐层精讲下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and insteadfavoured a more humanistic approach to being.第1段,第2句简单句含并列谓语的结构在考试阅读中高频出现,且本句展示了典型的 "并列谓语各自带修饰成分"模式;"turned from... and instead favoured..." 的对比转折逻辑也是常见句式,掌握后可大量复用Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, withthe arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logicaldisposition.第1段,第3句本句的'简单句主干 + 独立主格作状语'结构在四六级和考研阅读中较为常见,独立主格是高频考点。过去完成时的使用也符合历史叙述类文章的典型时态特征。掌握本句结构后,可迁移到大量类似的历史、社会类长句。with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance, thegap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to newand unexplored intellectual territories.第1段,第4句本句涵盖了多种成分:主语(带后置定语的名词短语)、谓语(过去完成时被动)、方式状语(独立主格结构)、结果状语(现在分词短语)。独立主格和分词短语是考试中的常见易错点,值得练习。主语中的介词短语后置定语和谓语的时态语态组合也有训练价值。成分种类较丰富,适合作为划分练习句。Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians andrationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being madeat a rate that the people could no longer ignore.第3段,第1句本句结构高度典型:让步状语 + 主句 + 嵌套从句的组合,是四六级和考研阅读中常见的复杂句式。过去进行时被动语态、宾语从句作介词宾语、定语从句修饰抽象名词等,都是高频考点结构。掌握本句的分析方法后,可以迁移到大量类似的学术性长句中。It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded inreason was born.第3段,第2句强调句 "It is/was ... that ..." 是四六级和考研阅读理解及翻译中的高频句式,常用于学术或正式文体中突出某一成分。本句结构完整、用法规范,且强调的是状语(而非主语或宾语),更具代表性,学生掌握后可直接迁移至大量真题和文献阅读场景。As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientificphilosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a newera—the Age of Reason.第4段,第3句状语从句(尤其是"As"引导的时间/原因从句)加主句的结构,以及主句内部两个并列分句,都是考试中高频出现的句式。同位语用破折号引出也是常见用法。该句结构具有较强的典型性和可迁移性,掌握后可应用于大量类似句子。Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to beencouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress.第5段,第2句本句包含复合主语、被动语态谓语、倒装结构、承前省略等多种成分特征,尤其状语从句的倒装语序和省略现象是典型易错点,适合作为划分主语、识别倒装、理解省略的综合训练材料,成分种类丰富且具有实战价值。Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we alreadyknew were captured by the Latin phrase 'sapere aude' or 'dare to know', afterImmanuel Kant used it in his essay "An Answer to the Question: What isEnlightenment?"第5段,第3句主句包含长主语(核心词 + 并列后置定语)、被动谓语、方式状语、时间状语从句,成分种类丰富。宾语从句中"what information"既是引导词又充当从句宾语,且前置到从句开头,是易错的特殊语序。主句主语中的不定式作定语、宾语从句的嵌套位置、被动语态中的by短语,都是值得反复练习的典型结构,训练价值高。HIGH-FREQUENCY · 真题高频词本篇出现的 41 个考研英语一真题高频词下列单词既在本篇英文短文中出现,又是 考研英语一 历年真题的高频词(在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8)。每个词标注本篇 出现次数与该考试真题句频,点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。scientific B1 thinking A2adj. 科学的 n. 思考本篇4 次 · 真题 83 句 本篇3 次 · 真题 33 句seek B1 philosophy B2v. 寻找 n. 哲学本篇2 次 · 真题 40 句 本篇2 次 · 真题 9 句universe B2 system A2n. 宇宙 n. 系统本篇2 次 · 真题 9 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 107 句view A2 power A2n. 观点,看法 n. 权力本篇1 次 · 真题 91 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 90 句rate A2 generation B2n. 速度 n. 一代人本篇1 次 · 真题 72 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 60 句approach B1 intellectual C1v. 靠近,接近(在空间或时间上) adj. 智力的本篇1 次 · 真题 51 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 47 句gap B1 theory B1n. 间隙 n. 理论本篇1 次 · 真题 45 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 39 句later A1 authority B2adv. 以后,later n. 权力本篇1 次 · 真题 38 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 33 句attempt B1 despite B1v. 试图 prep. 尽管本篇1 次 · 真题 32 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 32 句responsibility B1 function B1n. 责任 n. 功能本篇1 次 · 真题 32 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句ignore B1 demonstrate B2v. 忽视;不理睬 v. 证明本篇1 次 · 真题 22 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 21 句ideal B2 being B1adj. 理想的 n. 存在本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句creativity B2 capture B1n. 创造力 v. 捕获本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句phrase B1 centre A2n. 短语 n. 中心;中央本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 16 句curiosity B2 teaching A2n. 好奇心 n. 教学工作;教书本篇1 次 · 真题 16 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 16 句religious B1 explanation B1adj. 宗教的 n. 解释本篇1 次 · 真题 15 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句battle B1 era B2n. 战斗 n. 时代本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句integrate C1 radical B2v. 使融入 adj. 根本的本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句brand B1 reasoning B2n. 品牌,商标 n. 推理本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 11 句expense B1 tolerance B2n. 花费 n. 容忍本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句 本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句sustain B2v. 维持本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句VOCABULARY · 词汇难度分布英文短文 164 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖英文短文去重后共 164 个单词,按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比(CDF),最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上(C1/C2)为高阶词,本篇共 25 个 ·约 15%。34% 53% 73% 85% 99% 100%A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下 及以下每柱为「按 CEFR 等级及以下」的累积覆盖率(CDF)· 数据为英文短文去重词 164 个 · 末柱为 100%去重总词数 B2 以上难词 B1 及以下覆盖164 15 % 73 %考研英语一 2020年 · 全卷构成Section I 完形填空(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (1) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (2) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (3) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part A (4) 阅读理解(四选一) 题目解析 →Section II Part B 段落小标题(7选5) 题目解析 →Section II Part C 英译汉(划线句子翻译) 本题Section III Part A 写作 题目解析 →Section III Part B 写作 题目解析 →
第 5 部分 · 写作 Part A1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Notice To enrich campus life and celebrate cultural diversity, the Students Union is delighted to announce a singing contest specially for international students on our campus. The contest will be held in the Main Auditorium at 7 p.m. on December 15th. Participants may perform any song they love, but the piece should fit the theme "Voices Across Cultures." Those interested are welcome to sign up by emailing your name and song title to su@campus.edu before December 10th. For more details, please contact Ms. Li at 123-4567. We warmly invite all international students to take part and share your wonderful voices with us! Students Union December 1st
第 6 部分 · 写作 Part B1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
As is depicted in the drawing entitled "Habit", two contrasting figures are presented. On the left, a woman sits at a desk piled with documents, bending over her work, with a bubble above her reading that she feels at ease only when tasks are finished early. On the right, a man leans back in his chair with only a book and a pen before him, looking relaxed, saying that he never starts until the last moment. Simple as it seems, the picture conveys a thought-provoking message about the power of habits. The two attitudes stand for two life styles: one embraces planning ahead and finishing early, while the other keeps putting things off until deadlines loom. What the cartoonist intends to highlight is that a good habit of getting things done in advance keeps us calm and efficient, whereas procrastination leaves us anxious and passive when time runs out. In my view, we should cultivate the good habit of acting early rather than delaying. Therefore, it is advisable to make a plan and start at once. Only in this way can we stay in control of our time and lead a more productive life.
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