2021年湖南省永州市中考英语真题及答案解析

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2021年湖南省永州市中考英语真题 · 完整收录

年份考次
2021 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
湖南
市
永州市
题量
21 题
满分
50 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
第一节 词语填空 10 题 10 分 · 第二节 语法填空 10 题 10 分 · 第一节 回答问题 5 题 10 分 · 第二节 语篇翻译 4 题 8 分 · 第三节 书面表达 1 题 12 分
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第 1 部分 · 第一节 词语填空 (共10分，每小题1分)1 题 · 10 分

第一节 词语填空

阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。 My whole life has changed because of COVID-19. It’s very upsetting because we can’t ____[26]____ anyone else and we can’t go to others’ homes. We have been at home, but I ____[27]____ the healthcare workers who have risked their lives every day to help us stay healthy and safe. Here, I describe my experience during this time. Coming back home from my spring vacation, I got news that school is closed for two weeks. Being a kid, I got ____[28]____ but I didn’t know what was waiting for us. I never thought I would be doing my classes online months later. Right after the “stay at home” order, my mother tested positive for COVID-19 and our family was quarantined (隔离) for 14 days. It was really challenging for all of us, especially for my ____[29]____, who got sick. Those were the worst two weeks in my life. Watching my mother ____[30]____ fever, cough, and shortness of breath was heartbreaking. I had tears in my eyes, but I didn’t tell my parents about it. I was thankful that my father is a ____[31]____ who knows how to treat COVID-19 patients. After three weeks, my mother got better. My father is a true hero. Not only was he taking care of us, but also he has been treating patients with COVID-19 every day and ____[32]____ the community selflessly. I am proud of him. This ____[33]____ has taught me to be thankful for things we have in life. My father has ____[34]____ me to be selfless, helpful, and brave. It is OK to be anxious, but remember that there is ____[35]____ at the end of the channel (隧道) and life will get normal again. 26. A. e-mail B. call C. meet 27. A. admire B. like C. miss 28. A. surprised B. excited C. worried 29. A. sister B. father C. mother 30. A. continue B. stand C. accept 31. A. doctor B. worker C. teacher 32. A. controlling B. serving C. cleaning 33. A. accident B. journey C. experience 34. A. asked B. told C. taught 35. A. light B. sign C. wind
参考答案与解析

答案：26-C　27-A　28-A　29-C　30-A　31-A　32-B　33-C　34-C　35-A

解析：26 空 分析句子结构 → 识别先行词与关系词 → 确定从句类型 → 选择正确关系代词
27 空 分析句子时间状语 → 判断动作发生时间 → 确定时态语态 → 选择正确动词形式
28 空 分析句子成分 → 判断非谓语动词功能 → 确定逻辑主语 → 选择正确非谓语形式
29 空 分析句子成分 → 识别名词性从句位置 → 判断从句类型 → 选择正确连接词
30 空 分析句子主语 → 确定主谓一致关系 → 检查指代一致 → 选择正确形式
31 空 分析句子时间状语 → 判断动作发生的时间顺序 → 选择对应时态
32 空 识别先行词与从句关系 → 判断从句类型 → 选择正确关系词
33 空 分析非谓语动词在句中的功能 → 判断逻辑主语与动作关系 → 选择正确形式
34 空 识别倒装触发条件 → 判断倒装类型 → 选择正确语序
35 空 识别虚拟语气标志词 → 判断虚拟条件与主句时态 → 选择正确形式

考点：定语从句关系代词选择时态与语态动词形式非谓语动词逻辑主语一致名词性从句连接词选择主谓一致指代一致倒装句型虚拟语气

译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：（由于题干和选项内容缺失，无法提供具体翻译）

第 2 部分 · 第二节 语法填空 (共10分，每小题1分)10 题 · 10 分

Nowadays, better medical care and cleaner water help people live ________ (long).
参考答案与解析

答案：longer

解析：分析句子结构 → 判断空格在比较级结构中 → 选择形容词比较级形式

考点：形容词比较级构成

译文：如今，更好的医疗和更清洁的水帮助人们活得更久。

At the very heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is China’s largest of all the ancient ________ (building).
参考答案与解析

答案：buildings

解析：分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词短语中作中心词 → 根据‘all the’确定名词复数形式

考点：名词复数形式

译文：在北京的中心地带，故宫博物院是中国所有古代建筑中最大的。

People around the world are working on ________ (reduce) the causes of global warming.
参考答案与解析

答案：reducing

解析：分析句子结构 → 判断空格在介词on后 → 选择动名词形式

考点：介词后接动名词

译文：世界各地的人们正在努力减少全球变暖的原因。

He who has not climbed ________ Great Wall is not a true man.
参考答案与解析

答案：the

解析：识别固定搭配 → ‘climb the Great Wall’为固定表达 → 选择定冠词

考点：固定搭配：climb the Great Wall

译文：不到长城非好汉。

The official language of China is Putonghua, ________ the foreigners usually call it Mandarin.
参考答案与解析

答案：while

解析：分析句子逻辑关系 → 判断前后分句为对比关系 → 选择表示对比的连词

考点：对比连词用法

译文：中国的官方语言是普通话，而外国人通常称之为Mandarin。

Mid-Autumn Festival is a special time for families and it is ________ on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.
参考答案与解析

答案：celebrated

解析：分析句子主干 → 判断主语与动词的被动关系 → 选择被动语态的过去分词形式

考点：被动语态过去分词

译文：中秋节对家庭来说是一个特殊的时刻，它在农历八月十五被庆祝。

Chairman Mao once ________ (say) that women could hold up half the sky.
参考答案与解析

答案：said

解析：定位时间状语 'once' → 判断动作发生在过去 → 选择动词的过去式

考点：一般过去时

译文：毛主席曾经说过，妇女能顶半边天。

China ________ (have) three main types of teas: green tea, black lea and wulong tea, a halfway between black and green tea.
参考答案与解析

答案：has

解析：分析句子主语 'China' → 判断主谓一致 → 选择第三人称单数形式

考点：一般现在时主谓一致

译文：中国有三种主要的茶：绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶，一种介于红茶和绿茶之间的茶。

Mattew Chimudzi wants to study Chinese so that he can have a good ________ (communicate) with people in China one day.
参考答案与解析

答案：communication

解析：分析空格前 'a good' → 判断需要名词 → 将动词 'communicate' 转换为名词形式

考点：词性转换名词后缀

译文：马修·奇穆齐想学习中文，以便将来能与中国人进行良好的沟通。

When it comes to my birthdays, I would like to invite my friends ________ (watch) a movie.
参考答案与解析

答案：to watch

解析：识别固定搭配 'invite sb. to do sth.' → 判断需要不定式作宾补 → 选择 'to watch'

考点：不定式作宾补固定搭配

译文：当谈到我的生日时，我想邀请我的朋友们去看电影。

第 3 部分 · 第一节 回答问题 (共10分，每小题2分)5 题 · 10 分

Why is rice a main food around the world? ________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.

解析：定位题干关键词 'main food' → 在语篇中捕捉原因解释 'easy to grow' 与 'low cost and convenience' → 同义替换整合为答案

考点：细节定位原因归纳

译文：题干：为什么大米是世界各地的主食？ 正确答案：因为它易于种植，此外成本低且方便。

What did Yuan develop successfully? ________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Hybrid rice.

解析：定位题干关键词 'develop successfully' → 在语篇中捕捉袁隆平的成就 'Hybrid rice' → 直接提取答案

考点：细节定位事实提取

译文：题干：袁隆平成功研发了什么？ 正确答案：杂交水稻。

When was Yuan Longping born? ________________
参考答案与解析

答案：In 1930.

解析：定位题干关键词 'born' → 在语篇中捕捉出生年份 '1930' → 直接提取答案

考点：细节定位数字信息捕捉

译文：题干：袁隆平出生于何时？ 正确答案：1930年。

What made Yuan focus on farming science? ________________
参考答案与解析

答案：The rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time.

解析：定位题干关键词 'focus on farming science' → 在语篇中捕捉原因 'rapidly growing population' 与 'food supply not last' → 因果关系推理整合为答案

考点：细节定位因果推理

译文：题干：是什么让袁隆平专注于农业科学？ 正确答案：快速增长的人口使得粮食供应无法持续。

How many tons was the rice supply in China by 2017? ________________
参考答案与解析

答案：194.7 million tons.

解析：定位题干关键词 'rice supply' 与 'by 2017' → 在语篇中捕捉具体数字 '194.7 million tons' → 直接提取答案

考点：细节定位数字信息捕捉

译文：题干：到2017年，中国的水稻供应量是多少吨？ 正确答案：1.947亿吨。

第 4 部分 · 第二节 语篇翻译(共8分，每小题2分)4 题 · 8 分

It is necessary to realize the great achievements which are made by disabled people.

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

C

残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and more achievements are expected to be seen as the country has been speeding up to realize the goal of achieving “equality, participation and sharing,” as expressed in the 2019 White Paper on China’s 70 years of progress in dealing with the needs of the disabled.

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

A

The Chinese government is trying to solve the needs of the disabled and provide them with new chances. For example, buildings, holds, public transport and other public places are becoming more wheelchair friendly. Modern media also play an important role in educating the public about the needs of the disabled and also changing society’s image of them, so there is greater focus on their special abilities rather than on their abilities. In fact, the society’s most disabled people provide all of us with important lessons. They show us confidence, creativity and positivity. The loser will fail 99 times and then give up.

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

A

要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。You must always learn from your failures, and move on.

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

B

第 5 部分 · 第三节 书面表达(共12分)1 题 · 12 分

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 12 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Rice is one of the most commonly eaten basic foods around the world. Buying it and cooking it is a daily matter. Yet for many, its presence has been a matter of life and death. It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience. A poor community in the developing world may find it difficult to bring in foreign fruits or raise cattle for meat, but it can almost certainly use the land it has in order to grow plenty of rice. This was the great achievement of Yuan Longping, who passed away on May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully developed what is known as “hybrid rice” which can produce up a 30% higher output. Yuan Longping was born in the year 1930, a time when China was very different. It was a nation, without modern industry, depending on the rice which they grew. The first few decades (

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