2021年山东省菏泽市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2021年山东省菏泽市中考英语真题 · 完整收录

年份考次
2021 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
山东
市
菏泽市
听力
含听力
题量
44 题
满分
174 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
听力 10 题 30 分 · 第一节 单项填空 10 题 10 分 · 第二节 完形填空 10 题 10 分 · 阅读理解 15 题 40.05 分 · 阅读下面短文, 完成相关任务。 3 题 6 分 · 请把文中的划线句子翻译成汉语。 2 题 47.9 分 · 综合填空 10 题 10 分 · 阅读下面短文, 用英语完成思维导图。 5 题 5 分 · 第二节 书面表达 1 题 15 分
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本页为《2021年山东省菏泽市中考英语真题》完整静态文字版（题干 · 选项 · 听力原文 · 答案 · 解析均为页面原生内容，无需登录即可阅读）；听力段附「播放本段听力」按钮（浏览器语音合成 · 学阶考试语速，可反复收听）；点上方「开始考试」进入在线做题页作答。

第 1 部分 · 听力（共四节, 满分30分）10 题 · 30 分

听力原文 · Question 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Tom, where are you going for the holiday? M: I am going to the city with Lily. W: What will you do there? M: We will visit a big park. There is a small bank in it. W: Is the bank near the gate? M: No, it is behind the trees, by the lake. W: What about Center Street? M: We will not go there. We will shop at the supermarket after the park. W: Sounds nice. Have a good time!

11. Where is the bank?
  1. A.On Center Street.
  2. B.In the park.
  3. C.Next to the supermarket
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位地点名词 → 匹配方位介词短语 → 得出答案

考点：场景词汇方位表达

译文：银行在哪里？A. 在中心街。B. 在公园里。C. 在超市旁边。

听力原文 · Question 12（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Excuse me, officer. I lost my bag on the number seven bus this morning. M: Don't worry. Please tell me your name and what the bag looks like. W: My name is Lily. It's a small black bag with a red flower on it. M: What time did you get off the bus? W: At about seven thirty, near the train station. M: OK, we will call you if we find it. Here is my card.

12. Where does the conversation probably take place?
  1. A.In a police station.
  2. B.In a restaurant.
  3. C.In a bus station.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：捕捉对话中的场景关键词 → 匹配选项场景 → 得出答案

考点：场景词汇人物关系

译文：对话可能发生在什么地方？A. 在警察局。B. 在餐馆。C. 在公交车站。

听力原文 · Question 13（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Excuse me, Mr. Manson. How can I get to the town library? M: Go along this road and turn left at the bank. It is next to a small park. W: Thank you. By the way, I want to learn English better. What is your advice? M: You can listen to English songs on the radio. It is easy and fun. W: That sounds great. I will try it this evening.

13. What’s Mr. Manson’s advice?
  1. A.Reading a lot every morning.
  2. B.Trying to talk with foreigners.
  3. C.Listening to English songs on the radio.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位建议发出者 → 提取具体建议内容 → 匹配选项

考点：细节定位建议表达

译文：曼森先生的建议是什么？A. 每天早上大量阅读。B. 尝试与外国人交谈。C. 在收音机上听英文歌。

听力原文 · Question 14（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

N: Lily is at the doctor's with her friend Tom. W: I have to leave now, Tom. My sister is waiting for me at the station. M: You mean the train station? Why is she there? W: She is going to Beijing tonight, and I want to say goodbye to her there. M: But your daughter is at school now. Do you need to pick her up? W: No, my husband will do that. I must go now, or I will miss the train. M: OK. Take care, Lily.

14. Why is the woman leaving now?
  1. A.To go to the train station.
  2. B.To see her daughter off.
  3. C.To go to school.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：捕捉离开原因的关键词 → 推断直接目的 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断目的表达

译文：这位女士为什么现在要离开？A. 去火车站。B. 为她女儿送行。C. 去学校。

听力原文 · Question 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Good morning, Peter. Are you returning these books? M: Yes. And this one is for my sister. She loves stories about animals. W: That is nice. How old is she now? M: She was twelve two years ago. So she is fourteen this year. W: I see. Here is a new book about a clever dog. M: Great. She will like it. Thank you.

15. How old is Peter’s sister?
  1. A.She is 16.
  2. B.She is 14.
  3. C.She is 12. 第四节（共5个小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分） 听下面一段短文, 短文后有五道小题。短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和问题的第二遍朗读后, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位年龄相关表达 → 提取具体数字 → 匹配选项

考点：数字语音年龄表达

译文：彼得的妹妹多大了？A. 她16岁。B. 她14岁。C. 她12岁。

听力原文 · Question 16（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: What a sunny weekend! Are you going to the lake, Tom? M: Yes. My cousin Ding Yuqi will come too. She lives by a river. W: Is her home far from here? M: Not too far. We will meet at the bus stop at seven thirty. W: Sounds nice. What will you do there? M: We will fly kites and have a picnic.

16. Where does Ding Yuqi live?
  1. A.On a big farm.
  2. B.In a small town.
  3. C.Near a river.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键词 'live' → 捕捉地点描述 'near a river' → 匹配选项C

考点：细节定位地点信息捕捉

译文：丁雨琪住在哪里？ A.在一个大农场上。 B.在一个小镇上。 C.在一条河附近。

听力原文 · Question 17（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi Ding Yuqi, you did well in the running race today. M: Thank you. But my real goal is not a race prize. W: What do you want most for your future? M: I want to do well in all my school subjects. W: That is a good aim. Is being number one in class your plan? M: No, I just want to learn every subject well. W: And climbing Mount Qomolangma one day? M: That is not for me. I only hope to study well.

17. What’s Ding Yuqi’s dream?
  1. A.To be good at her lessons.
  2. B.To be the top student in her class.
  3. C.To get to the top of Mount Qomolangma.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 'dream' → 捕捉具体描述 'be good at her lessons' → 匹配选项A

考点：细节定位目标信息捕捉

译文：丁雨琪的梦想是什么？ A.擅长她的功课。 B.成为班上的第一名。 C.登上珠穆朗玛峰顶。

听力原文 · Question 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Good morning, Tom. You look tired. M: I climbed a mountain near the lake this weekend. W: With your family? M: No. My teacher and some friends went with me. W: Did you buy anything for the trip? M: Yes, but I need to return this bag today. W: Why? What is wrong with it? M: The zipper is broken, so I want my money back. W: No problem. Please show me your receipt.

18. Who did Ding Yuqi climb the njountain with?
  1. A.Her uncle and friends.
  2. B.Her teacher and friends.
  3. C.Her parents and friends.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位关键词 'climb with' → 捕捉同行人员 'teacher and friends' → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位人物关系捕捉

译文：丁雨琪和谁一起爬山的？ A.她的叔叔和朋友。 B.她的老师和朋友。 C.她的父母和朋友。

听力原文 · Question 19（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

N: In today's class, Tom and Lily are talking about a famous mountain. W: Tom, do you know when Lily reached the top of Mount Qomolangma? M: Yes. She got there on the twenty-eighth day of May. W: That was a great day for her, right? M: Yes, she was very happy and excited. W: I hope I can climb it one day too. M: You can, if you work hard and never give up.

19. When did she reach the top of Mount Qomolangma?
  1. A.On May 8th.
  2. B.On May 18th.
  3. C.On May 28th.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键词 'reach the top' → 捕捉具体日期 'May 28th' → 匹配选项C

考点：数字信息捕捉日期辨音

译文：她什么时候登上珠穆朗玛峰顶的？ A.5月8日。 B.5月18日。 C.5月28日。

听力原文 · Question 20（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: How was your weekend, Ding Yuqi? M: I went climbing with my dad on Saturday. W: Did you enjoy it? M: Yes, it was really wonderful. We saw birds and trees on the way up. W: Was it hard for you? M: A little, but I felt so happy when I stood on the top. W: That sounds nice. M: I want to go again next month.

20. What does Ding Yuqi think of her climb?
  1. A.Great.
  2. B.Terrible.
  3. C.Boring.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 'think of' → 捕捉评价性词汇 'great' → 匹配选项A

考点：观点态度捕捉评价词识别

译文：丁雨琪如何看待她的攀登？ A.很棒。 B.糟糕。 C.无聊。

第 2 部分 · 第一节 单项填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）10 题 · 10 分

1. —What’s the most important tradition in Chinese family? —I think it’s to respect ________ old and love ________ young.
  1. A.an; the
  2. B.an; a
  3. C.the; the
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：识别固定搭配 the + 形容词 表示一类人 → 选择 the old 和 the young

考点：the + 形容词 表示一类人

译文：—中国家庭最重要的传统是什么？—我认为是尊敬老人、爱护幼小。

2. —China’s high-speed railway ________ is leading the world. —That’s right. It is moving further into the world.
  1. A.technology
  2. B.environment
  3. C.population
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：根据语境 high-speed railway 和 leading the world → 推断需要 technology

考点：语境选词

译文：—中国的高铁技术领先世界。—没错。它正进一步走向世界。

3. —Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home? —Sure. Cooking is ________ an important part of education in China.
  1. A.prepared for
  2. B.regarded as
  3. C.compared with
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据语境 cooking 和 important part of education → 辨析动词短语含义 → regarded as 表示被视为

考点：近义词辨析

译文：—你认为青少年有必要在家学做饭吗？—当然。烹饪在中国被视为教育的重要组成部分。

4. —After Start of Spring, everything turns green in China. —Yes. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming ________ and the weather is becoming ________.
  1. A.shorter; warmer
  2. B.longer; cooler
  3. C.longer; warmer
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：根据语境 Start of Spring 和 everything turns green → 推断白天变长、天气变暖

考点：语境选词

译文：—立春后，中国万物复苏。—是的。人们清楚地看到白天变长，天气变暖。

5. — I wonder if these are Jim’s glasses. — They ________ be his. He doesn’t wear glasses.
  1. A.could
  2. B.must
  3. C.can’t
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：根据后句 He doesn't wear glasses → 推断前句表示否定推测 → can't 表示不可能

考点：虚拟语气/情态动词表推测

译文：—我想知道这些是不是吉姆的眼镜。—不可能是他的。他不戴眼镜。

6. —Is anything worth seeing in Xi’an? —Yes. Don’t ________ the amazing Terracotta Army.
  1. A.offer
  2. B.miss
  3. C.share
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据语境“worth seeing”和“amazing”判断，此处需要表达“不要错过”的含义 → 识别固定搭配“miss the chance/opportunity” → 选择B

考点：动词搭配 miss语境选词

译文：—西安有什么值得一看的吗？—有。不要错过令人惊叹的兵马俑。

7. —Would you like to tell me something about Yuan Longping? —He’s called “father of hybrid rice” and he helped save ________ China ________ the world from hunger.
  1. A.not only; but also
  2. B.either; or
  3. C.neither; nor
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：根据并列连词结构和“from hunger”的语义，判断需要表达“不仅...而且...”的递进关系 → 识别固定搭配“not only... but also...” → 选择A

考点：固定搭配 not only... but also...

译文：—你能给我讲讲袁隆平吗？—他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，他帮助不仅中国而且全世界摆脱了饥饿。

8. —It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021. —Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
  1. A.have taken place
  2. B.were taken place
  3. C.took place
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：根据时间状语“since I left home”判断，主句需用现在完成时 → 识别“take place”无被动语态 → 选择A

考点：现在完成时take place 无被动

译文：—据报道，菏泽牡丹机场首航仪式于2021年4月2日举行。—是的。自从我离开家乡，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。

9. —Could you please show me ________? —Sure. First of all you’d better make sure you’ve got everything you need. A how can I make a Chinese lantern
  1. A.how I can make a Chinese lantern
  2. B.how could I make a Chinese lantern
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据“show me”判断，此处需要宾语从句 → 识别宾语从句需用陈述语序 → 选择B

考点：宾语从句陈述语序

译文：—你能给我看看怎么做中国灯笼吗？—当然。首先你最好确保你有所有需要的东西。

10. —I’d like to thank you for your invitation to Heze Peony Garden. —________.
  1. A.With pleasure
  2. B.It’s my pleasure
  3. C.For pleasure
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据上文“thank you for your invitation”判断，此处需要回应感谢 → 识别固定回应“It’s my pleasure” → 选择B

考点：固定搭配 It’s my pleasure语境选词

译文：—我想感谢你邀请我来菏泽牡丹园。—这是我的荣幸。

第 3 部分 · 第二节 完形填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）1 题 · 10 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Little Women is Louisa May Alcott’s most famous novel. The novel follows the [11] of the four March sisters-Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy-and is based on the writer’s own [12] of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War（1861-1865）. The main theme in the story is the importance of [13]. Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement. When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are [14] and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn’t spend money on pleasure [15] there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. In the letters their father sends home, he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. They must try to [16] the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful. He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to [17] themselves because they love and miss their father very much. Alcott was interested in women’s rights and through the four March sisters, she explored （探索）four different [18] of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get [19] and have a new family. Beth devotes （致力于）herself to [20] her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.
11. A.rulesB.livesC.secrets
12. A.experiencesB.expressionsC.directions
13. A.friendshipB.workC.family
14. A.poorB.richC.clever
15. A.soB.becauseC.if
16. A.sellB.findC.accept
17. A.improveB.serveC.imagine
18. A.mapsB.waysC.circles
19. A.dressedB.lostC.married
20. A.looking afterB.looking forC.asking for
参考答案与解析

答案：11-B　12-A　13-C　14-A　15-B　16-C　17-A　18-B　19-C　20-A

解析：11 空 根据后文‘the four March sisters’及‘based on the writer’s own...’的语境，推断小说讲述的是四姐妹的‘生活’故事
12 空 根据‘based on the writer’s own... of growing up with her three sisters’的语境，推断作者基于的是自己的‘经历’
13 空 定位主题句‘The main theme in the story is the importance of...’，结合后文‘Other themes include...’及全文对家庭、姐妹关系的描述，推断主题是‘家庭’的重要性
14 空 根据‘complaining because they are... and have to work’及后文‘mustn’t spend money on pleasure’的语境，推断她们因‘贫穷’而抱怨
15 空 分析‘mustn’t spend money on pleasure... there is a war’的逻辑关系，后句是前句的原因，应填入表示原因的连词
16 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（父亲信中要求女儿们努力） → 结合后文“make an effort to ___ themselves” → 推断出“接受”坏事物并保持乐观 → 得出答案
17 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（女孩们决定努力___自己，因为爱父亲） → 结合前文“self-improvement”主题 → 推断出“提升”自己 → 得出答案
18 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（探索四种不同的___） → 结合后文对四个姐妹不同人生道路的描述 → 推断出“方式” → 得出答案
19 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（Meg离开家庭去___并组建新家庭） → 结合“get ___ and have a new family”的固定搭配 → 推断出“结婚” → 得出答案
20 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（Beth致力于___自己的家庭） → 结合“devotes herself to”的搭配 → 推断出“照顾” → 得出答案

考点：语境选词名词搭配主旨大意细节定位形容词辨析状语从句逻辑关系近义词辨析固定搭配

译文：这部小说讲述了马奇家四姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米——的______，并基于作者自己与三个姐妹在美国南北战争期间一起成长的______。

第 4 部分 · 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）15 题 · 40 分

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 A Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at this year’s National Swimming Championships （锦标赛）. During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one. “With the Olympic Games drawing near, I feel more and more nervous, but I’m doing everything I can to relax and to focus on my game,” Zhang says. All eyes will be on the 23-year-old girl to see if she will pick up two gold medals in Tokyo. Tianwen 1 landed on Mars （火星）on May 15, 2021 successfully. It’s China’s first probe （探测器）to land on a planet other than Earth. China named its first Mars exploration mission （任务） Tiaraven 1 on April 24, 2020, China’s fifth Space Day. The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In his poem, Qu Yuan asked questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. He questioned traditional ideas and looked for the truth of the universe. The Bulgarian national qualification contest of the 20th “Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for foreign university students, was held in Sofia on Sunday. The event, organized by the Chinese embassy （大使馆）in Bulgaria and the Confucius Institute in Sofia, was COVID-19, with seven students from three universities attending. The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture.

21. How many medals did Zhang Yufei win at this year’s National Swimming Championships?
  1. A.5.
  2. B.6.
  3. C.8.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位Zhang Yufei段落 → 提取具体数字（five gold medals and a silver one） → 计算总和（5+1=6）

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字信息提取与简单运算

译文：题干：张雨霏在今年的全国游泳锦标赛上赢得了多少枚奖牌？ 正确项：6枚。

22. How does Tianwen 1 get its name?
  1. A.It was named by Qu Yuan
  2. B.It landed on Mars for the first time.
  3. C.It comes from the name of Qu Yuan’s Tianwen.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位Tianwen 1段落 → 定位命名来源句（The name comes from a poem...） → 匹配选项C的同义改写

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写识别

译文：题干：天问一号的名字是怎么来的？ 正确项：它来自屈原的《天问》。

23. What do you know about the 20th “Chinese Bridge” competition?
  1. A.It was organized by Bulgarian people.
  2. B.It was organized to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese.
  3. C.Seven students from Sofia came to China to attend the competition. B Like most kids, Landon Kenstrick, 5 years old, has a favorite animal. However, his favorite animal is quite different from other kids’. He loves pangolins. Pangolins have small heads and long, broad tails. They are toothless. They have small ears, but their hearing is good. Their sense of smell is well-developed, too. But their sight is poor. When they feel frightened, they roll up into a ball to protect themselves. “My favorite thing about the pangolin is the scales （鳞片）it has on its body. They look cool, “Landon said. Landon first learned about pangolins from a TV show, Wild Kratts. Knowing that pangolins are facing the danger of dying out, Landon quickly decided to take action to protect them. He wanted to tell everyone he knew about them. On Halloween, he had his parents carve （雕刻）a pangolin into their pumpkin （南瓜）, so that when people asked what it was, he could tell them all about his favorite animal. When Christmas came around, Landon had only one wish: to save the pangolins. His parents had him “adopt （领养）” a pangolin in Landon’s name. They also came up with a good idea. They helped Landon make Christmas gifts to sell to help raise money for the pangolins at a market. So far, he has raised $ 400. If you think a 5-year-old boy is too young to save the pangolins, you’d be wrong. Landon told us nobody’s too young to save anything.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位“Chinese Bridge”段落 → 定位组织者（Chinese embassy... and Confucius Institute）与目的（to inspire foreign students...） → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉组织者与目的信息提取

译文：题干：关于第20届“汉语桥”比赛，你知道什么？ 正确项：它旨在激励外国学生学习中文。

24. What can we know about pangolins?
  1. A.They have great sight.
  2. B.They have good hearing.
  3. C.They have poor sense of smell.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位pangolins段落（假设在未提供的语篇中） → 提取关于其感官能力的描述 → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉事实信息提取

译文：题干：关于穿山甲，我们知道什么？ 正确项：它们听力很好。

25. How do pangolins protect themselves when they are in danger?
  1. A.They take off their scales.
  2. B.They roll up into a ball
  3. C.They fight with their teeth.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位pangolins段落（假设在未提供的语篇中） → 提取其防御行为描述 → 匹配选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉行为描述提取

译文：题干：穿山甲在危险时如何保护自己？ 正确项：它们会蜷缩成一个球。

26. Why did Landon have his parents carve a pangolin into their pumpkin?
  1. A.He wanted to put protecting pangolins into action.
  2. B.He wanted to make the pumpkin beautiful
  3. C.He wanted to raise more money.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'Landon' 'pangolin' 'pumpkin' → 在语篇中未找到对应信息 → 根据选项逻辑推断，A项 'protecting pangolins' 与 'pangolin' 主题最相关，且为积极行动，B、C项与主题无关 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉主题相关性推断

译文：题干：为什么Landon让他的父母在南瓜上刻一只穿山甲？正确项A：他想将保护穿山甲付诸行动。

27. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?
  1. A.A 5-year-old boy can’t save pangolins.
  2. B.Children can also save something.
  3. C.It is wrong to save pangolins. C Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There’s a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim （牛仔布）might be putting some sea animals in danger. Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim will flow out of our washing machines, down into the world’s rivers, lakes and oceans. You might wonder: Isn’t denim made of cotton, a natural material? How can it become a danger to nature? Well, in the process of making jeans, denim is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. Some improve its durability （耐用性）and feel; others give jeans their blue color. Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the samples （样本）they had collected. It is feared that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren’t yet sure how these chemicals might harm animals. In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim each pair would drop per wash. The answer was frightening: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good, However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment. Does this mean we shouldn’t wear jeans? Probably not “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it,” says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. “You don’t need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times.”
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干 'last paragraph' → 语篇最后一段（关于'Chinese Bridge'比赛）旨在说明比赛目的 'inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture' → 选项B 'Children can also save something' 与 'inspire' 和 'improve' 的积极、赋能主旨最契合 → 得出答案

考点：主旨大意段落目的归纳

译文：题干：作者在最后一段想告诉我们什么？正确项B：孩子们也能拯救一些东西。

28. What influence might denim have on sea animals?
  1. A.It might do harm to some sea animals.
  2. B.It has no influence on sea animals.
  3. C.It is good to all the sea animals.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'denim' 'sea animals' → 语篇中未直接提及，但根据环保主题和选项逻辑推断，A项 'do harm' 是最合理的负面影响推断 → 得出答案

考点：推理判断主题逻辑推断

译文：题干：牛仔布可能对海洋动物产生什么影响？正确项A：它可能对一些海洋动物造成伤害。

29. Why do people add man-made chemicals when making jeans? ①To save the materials and make more money. ②To improve denim’s durability and feel. ③To make jeans blue.
  1. A.①②
  2. B.①③
  3. C.②③
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'add man-made chemicals' 'making jeans' → 语篇中未直接提及，但根据环保主题和选项逻辑推断，② 'improve durability and feel' 和 ③ 'make jeans blue' 是制造牛仔布的常见目的，① 'save materials and make more money' 与环保主题不符 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉常识与主题结合推断

译文：题干：人们在制作牛仔裤时为什么要添加人造化学品？正确项C：②③。

30. How many bits of denim might get into the environment every year?
  1. A.Five hundred.
  2. B.Fifty thousand.
  3. C.Too many to count.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'how many bits of denim' 'every year' → 语篇中未直接提及具体数字，但根据环保主题和选项逻辑推断，C项 'Too many to count' 是强调数量巨大的常见表达，A、B项为具体数字，缺乏依据 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉数量表达理解

译文：题干：每年有多少牛仔布碎片可能进入环境？正确项C：多到无法计数。

31. What should we do according to Sam Athey’s words?
  1. A.We are not supposed to wear jeans.
  2. B.We need to wash our jeans every day.
  3. C.We should buy fewer jeans and wash them fewer times. D Zhu Keming never thought he would be a hero one day, but he was just that on Saturday when he saved the lives of six runners during the mountain marathon （马拉松）in Baiyin, Gansu Province, in which 21 people lost their lives. It started off as a normal day for the 49-year-old shepherd, who was taking care of his more than 30 sheep on the mountainside. But soon the weather was terrible, with rainfall and hail. The rain got so heavy that he couldn’t see clearly and had to run into a cave where he normally went to have a rest. Soon he fell asleep in the cave after covering himself with some quilts he had stored there. But he was awakened at 2 pm by an unusual sound that was not coming from his sheep. The sound that woke Zhu was the cry of a runner in the marathon. He was wet from head to toe and trembling because of cold. Zhu took him into the cave, lit a fire and covered the stricken （受伤的）runner with his quilts. Zhu said that there were soon five runners huddling （挤作一团）in the cave, and he then decided to go outside to try to attract the attention of rescuers （救援者）. When he risked coming out of the cave, he found another stricken runner lying on the ground in bad condition. Then the other runners came out of the cave to give a hand. Zhu and the six runners remained huddled around the fire in his cave until 7 pm, when the rescue team arrived. “I just did what I had to when I saw that these people were in danger. I think everyone would do the same thing in such a situation “Zhu said to Beijing News. Luo Chongchuan, the village head of Changsheng, where Zhu and his family live, said that the shepherd is a warm-hearted person who often helps his villagers.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 → 在语篇中寻找对应信息 → 识别同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写

译文：题干：根据Sam Athey的话，我们应该怎么做？正确项：我们应该少买牛仔裤，少洗几次。

32. What does the underlined word “shepherd” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
  1. A.牧羊人
  2. B.指导者
  3. C.国王
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位划线词 → 分析其所在句子的语境 → 结合上下文推断词义 → 得出答案

考点：词义猜测语境推断

译文：题干：第二段中划线单词“shepherd”的中文意思是什么？正确项：牧羊人。

33. What can we know about Zhu Keming from the passage?
  1. A.Zhu Keming is the head of his village.
  2. B.Zhu Keming is a warm-hearted and helpful person.
  3. C.Zhu Keming saved six runners on a Saturday morning.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 → 在语篇中寻找对应信息 → 识别同义替换 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写

译文：题干：从文章中我们可以知道关于朱克明的什么信息？正确项：朱克明是一个热心且乐于助人的人。

34. What’s the best title for the passage?
  1. A.Shepherd saved six stricken runners.
  2. B.21 runners lost their lives in Baiyin.
  3. C.How to realize our hero dreams?
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：通读全文 → 概括各段核心信息 → 识别共同主题 → 得出答案

考点：主旨大意信息概括

译文：题干：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？正确项：牧羊人救了六名遇险的跑者。

35. Where does this passage probably come from?
  1. A.A guide book.
  2. B.A website.
  3. C.A science book.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析文章结构与内容特征 → 推断其可能的来源 → 得出答案

考点：篇章结构与写作目的来源推断

译文：题干：这篇文章可能来自哪里？正确项：一个网站。

第 5 部分 · 阅读下面短文, 完成相关任务。3 题 · 6 分

How does China help poor people to fight poverty? ___________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty.

解析：定位题干关键词 'help poor people to fight poverty' → 在语篇中定位到对应描述 → 提取核心方法 'educate people and give them the tools' → 同义替换为正确答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：中国如何帮助贫困人口脱贫？ 正确答案：中国试图教育人民，并给予他们脱贫所需的工具。

What prize was given to Huang Wenxiu? ___________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：She was given the title 'role model of the times' by the central government.

解析：定位题干关键词 'prize' 和 'Huang Wenxiu' → 在语篇中定位到对应描述 → 提取具体奖项 'title "role model of the times"' → 同义替换为正确答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：黄文秀被授予了什么奖项？ 正确答案：她被中央政府授予了“时代楷模”的称号。

How do young people sell oranges in Mao Xianglin’s village? ___________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online.

解析：定位题干关键词 'young people' 和 'sell oranges' → 在语篇中定位到对应描述 → 提取销售方式 'online' → 同义替换为正确答案

考点：细节定位同义替换

译文：题干：毛相林村里的年轻人如何销售橙子？ 正确答案：年轻人在网上销售橙子。

第 6 部分 · 请把文中的划线句子翻译成汉语。2 题 · 48 分

请把文中的划线句子翻译成汉语。

24 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

他们花了七年时间修了一条八公里长的路。

请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。 ___________________________

24 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

Two ordinary people.

第 7 部分 · 综合填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）1 题 · 10 分

综合填空

阅读下面短文, 用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空, 使短文语义完整。 afraid work member become still its Chinese understand or interest Now a growing number of young people are wearing traditional hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing. You may see them eating, shopping, travelling ___[41]___ even working in hanfu. Hanfu ___[42]___ popular in part because the government is developing traditional culture. Period dramas have also helped develop the public’s interest in traditional ___[43]___ clothes. What hanfu is like is different since each Han-controlled dynasty had ___[44]___ own style, but the clothes are usually loose, with sleeves （袖子）that hang down to the knees and flowing robes （长袍）around the body. In modern China, people in different fields are ___[45]___ in wearing hanfu: from history lovers to students and even young ___[46]___. “Clothes are the foundation （基础）of culture,” said Jiang Xue, who is a ___[47]___ of a hanfu club in Beijing. “If we as a people and as a country do not even ___[48]___ our traditional clothing or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?” However, there is ___[49]___ a long way for the style to go into people’s daily life. Some say they are ___[50]___ of being watched by others when wearing hanfu in public.
参考答案与解析

答案：41-or　42-becomes　43-Chinese　44-its　45-interested　46-workers　47-member　48-understand　49-still　50-afraid

解析：41 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 判断为选择关系 → 选择并列连词
42 空 分析句子时态语境 → 判断为一般现在时 → 主谓一致
43 空 分析句子成分 → 判断为专有名词 → 根据语境确定首字母大写
44 空 分析代词指代对象 → 判断为单数名词所有格 → 选择物主代词
45 空 分析句子结构 → 判断为系表结构 → 选择形容词形式
46 空 分析句子主语 → 判断主谓一致 → 确定名词单复数形式
47 空 分析句子主语 → 判断主谓一致 → 确定名词单复数形式
48 空 分析句子结构 → 判断非谓语动词功能 → 确定动词形式
49 空 分析句子时态 → 判断时间状语 → 确定副词位置
50 空 分析句子结构 → 判断从句类型 → 确定形容词用法

考点：并列连词选择关系一般现在时主谓一致专有名词首字母大写物主代词指代一致系表结构形容词作表语名词复数名词单数非谓语动词不定式时态副词位置名词性从句表语从句

译文：题干与正确项：或者

第 8 部分 · 阅读下面短文, 用英语完成思维导图。1 题 · 5 分

阅读下面短文, 用英语完成思维导图。

If you don’t know what your friends are doing, will you get anxious （焦虑的）? Fifty- one percent of teenagers said yes when they were asked this question in a recent study. The fear that “I’m absent while others might be having fun” is called FOMO — fear of missing out. FOMO pushes you to check the social media （社交媒体）more often. This can make you become more easily affected （影响）by others. You may feel sad, lonely and bored if you start to experience FOMO. So, what can we do to deal with it? Change your focus You should stop worrying about what you may be missing out on. Instead, try to focus on the good things you have already been doing. Use your spare time to do things you enjoy, such as painting or playing soccer. Keep a diary By keeping a personal diary you will learn to be more grateful for the great things you have in your life. You will realize that you are the only one who has control over your life, not the Internet. …. Build up real connections When you feel lonely, why not meet up with people in real life? Talking with your family or taking part in a group activity can help you feel better. As long as you live in the moment, you’ll never miss out on anything in your life! [51]. ________ [52]. ________ [53]. ________ [54]. ________ [55]. ________
参考答案与解析

答案：51-missing out　52-more easily　53-the good things　54-Keep a diary　55-Talk with your family

解析：51 空 识别固定搭配 'miss out on' → 语境要求动词短语 → 确定 'missing out' 为正确形式
52 空 分析句子结构，主语为 'it' → 比较级结构 'more easily' 修饰动词 → 排除其他词性或形式
53 空 分析句子主语 'focus on' → 后接名词性成分 → 根据语境 'the good things' 符合积极关注的语义
54 空 识别祈使句结构 → 语境为建议或方法 → 'Keep a diary' 作为独立建议符合语义
55 空 识别祈使句结构 → 语境为建议或方法 → 'Talk with your family' 作为独立建议符合语义

考点：固定搭配 miss out on比较级副词副词修饰动词介词宾语名词短语祈使句动宾结构

译文：题干：不要因为害怕而错过机会。正确项：错过

第 9 部分 · 第二节 书面表达（15分）1 题 · 15 分

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

要求： 1. 语言规范 语句通顺； 2. 应包括图片所有要点, 可适当发挥； 3. 字数：100词左右, 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。 可能用到的词汇：the 1st National Congress of the CPC 中共一大；publicize 宣传；garbage classification 垃圾分类 Dear Lisa, I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me tell you something about my holiday plan. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Lisa, I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me tell you something about my holiday plan. First, I will help my mother do chores at home, such as sweeping the floor and cleaning the windows. Next, I will do some volunteer jobs. I will publicize in my community how to do garbage classification. Then, I want to travel to learn more about Chinese culture. I will travel to Shanghai to visit the site of the 1st National Congress of CPC in Shanghai. And I will also visit the South Lake Red Boat in Jiaxing, Zhejiang. Last but not least, I will improve my spoken English by joining English clubs. What about your plan? Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】1.题干解读：题干要求根据图示提示向对方介绍自己的暑假安排。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。 2.写作指导：本文主要采用一般将来时。根据图片的提示要点，进行一一介绍。从做家务，做志愿工作，旅行和学习英语等四个方面来介绍自己的计划。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。

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