2022年辽宁省沈阳市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2022年辽宁省沈阳市中考英语真题

年份考次
2022 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
辽宁
市
沈阳市
题量
31 题
满分
67 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
单项填空 10 题 5 分 · 完形填空 15 题 15 分 · 阅读理解 12 题 18 分 · 回答问题 7 题 14 分 · 作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。 1 题 15 分
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归因补全
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第 1 部分 · 单项填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分；满分5分）10 题 · 5 分

1. Mr. Li is ________ doctor. He is busy when he works.
  1. A.a
  2. B.an
  3. C.the
  4. D.不填
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别不定冠词用法 → 根据名词首音素判断 → 得出答案

考点：不定冠词a/an的用法

译文：李先生是一名医生。他工作时很忙。

2. Children love to play in the snow in ________.
  1. A.spring
  2. B.summer
  3. C.autumn
  4. D.winter
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：识别季节名词 → 根据常识判断雪景对应季节 → 得出答案

考点：季节名词辨析常识推理

译文：孩子们喜欢在冬天的雪地里玩耍。

3. Alice is ________ best friend. I hope our friendship can last forever. A my
  1. A.his
  2. B.your
  3. C.their
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别物主代词 → 根据主语Alice判断性别 → 得出答案

考点：物主代词的性别一致性

译文：Alice是我最好的朋友。我希望我们的友谊能永远持续。

4. With lights, people can do as ________ things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
  1. A.few
  2. B.little
  3. C.many
  4. D.much
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：识别as...as结构 → 判断中间需形容词原级 → 根据things为可数名词复数选择 → 得出答案

考点：as...as结构可数/不可数名词修饰词辨析

译文：有了灯光，人们晚上能做的事情和白天一样多。

5. People should ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.
  1. A.never
  2. B.seldom
  3. C.sometimes
  4. D.always
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：识别频度副词 → 根据语境判断应选表示肯定建议的副词 → 得出答案

考点：频度副词辨析语境推理

译文：人们应该总是看到垃圾就捡起来。

6. Young people can understand how to ________ others by keeping pets.
  1. A.depend on
  2. B.agree with
  3. C.look after
  4. D.fall behind
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：根据语境‘by keeping pets’（通过养宠物）推断，养宠物是学习‘照顾’他人，而非‘依赖’、‘同意’或‘落后’。

考点：语境选词动词短语辨析

译文：年轻人可以通过养宠物来理解如何照顾他人。

7. The Art of War is great and I________ it many times so far.
  1. A.read
  2. B.have read
  3. C.am reading
  4. D.will read
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据时间状语‘so far’（到目前为止）判断，句子描述从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时。

考点：现在完成时时间状语

译文：《孙子兵法》很伟大，到目前为止我已经读过它很多次了。

8. I love going to school ________ everyone in my class is friendly.
  1. A.before
  2. B.although
  3. C.because
  4. D.unless
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析前后分句逻辑关系：‘我喜欢上学’是结果，‘班上每个人都友好’是原因，应选择表示原因的连词。

考点：原因状语从句连词辨析

译文：我喜欢上学，因为我班上的每个人都友好。

9. —Hi, Tom. Could you tell me ________? —I’ll go there next Sunday.
  1. A.how you will go to Beiling Park
  2. B.when you will go to Beiling Park
  3. C.how will you go to Beiling Park
  4. D.when will you go to Beiling Park
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：根据答语‘next Sunday’（下周日）判断，问句应询问时间。宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。

考点：宾语从句陈述语序疑问词选择

译文：—嗨，汤姆。你能告诉我你什么时候去北陵公园吗？—我下周日去那里。

10. — I am sorry that I broke your cup. — ________. Let’s just clean it up.
  1. A.Not bad
  2. B.Good idea
  3. C.Well done
  4. D.Never mind
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：根据道歉场景和答语后半句‘Let’s just clean it up’（我们把它清理一下吧）的宽容态度，判断应选择表示‘没关系’的回应。

考点：情景交际观点态度

译文：—很抱歉我打碎了你的杯子。—没关系。我们把它清理一下吧。

第 2 部分 · 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分；满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A man walked in the desert（沙漠）for two days. He [11] a sand storm during the trip. After the sand storm, he lost the sense of [12]. While he was unable to hold on, he suddenly found a small old house. He pulled his [13] body into the house. There was only some wood inside. He walked to the corner hopelessly, but suddenly [14] a water pump. Excitedly he went to draw water（抽水）, [15] he couldn’t pump water no matter how hard he tried. He sat on the ground [16]. Just at that time, he saw a small bottle with a cork（瓶塞）. There was a yellow [17] posted on the bottle, which read, “You must put the water into the pump before you can draw water! Don’t [18], before you leave, refill it with water!” He pulled the cork and found the bottle was really filled with water! He could hardly believe his [19]. At this moment, he thought, “If I only think about myself, as long as I drink the water in the bottle, I can be [20] to go out of this desert! If I do as the note told to put the only water into the pump and the water can’t come back, I will be [21] to death. Will I take the risk or not?” Finally, he made a [22] to do what the note told him and began to draw water with his shaking hands. Sure enough, the water really [23]! After he drank enough water, he filled the bottle with water. He enveloped（封住）it with the cork and [24] his words after the note, “Believe me, it’s really [25]. You should learn to pay before you get it!”
11. A.metB.missedC.avoidedD.expected
12. A.touchB.tasteC.humourD.direction
13. A.lightB.tiredC.perfectD.strong
14. A.startedB.repairedC.controlledD.discovered
15. A.soB.orC.butD.and
16. A.sadlyB.happilyC.carefullyD.patiently
17. A.mapB.noteC.signD.mark
18. A.cryB.lieC.shoutD.forget
19. A.luckB.successC.abilityD.trouble
20. A.weakB.aliveC.awfulD.nervous
21. A.lonelyB.angryC.thirstyD.hungry
22. A.wishB.ruleC.messD.decision
23. A.came outB.dried upC.cooled downD.ran away
24. A.sentB.passedC.addedD.repeated
25. A.funnyB.usefulC.wrongD.strange
参考答案与解析

答案：11-A　12-D　13-B　14-D　15-C　16-A　17-B　18-D　19-A　20-B　21-C　22-D　23-A　24-C　25-B

解析：11 空 根据语境‘在沙漠中行走两天’与‘沙尘暴’的遭遇，推断动词应表示‘遭遇’或‘遇到’ → 辨析选项词义 → 选择最符合语境的动词
12 空 根据语境‘沙尘暴后失去…感’与后文‘无法坚持’推断应为方向感 → 辨析选项词义 → 选择最符合语境的名词
13 空 根据语境‘在沙漠行走两天’与‘无法坚持’推断身体状态应为疲惫 → 辨析选项词义 → 选择最符合语境的形容词
14 空 根据语境‘绝望地走到角落’与‘突然’的转折推断应为‘发现’ → 辨析选项词义 → 选择最符合语境的动词
15 空 根据前后句逻辑关系：‘兴奋地去抽水’与‘无论怎么努力都抽不出水’构成转折 → 选择表示转折的连词
16 空 定位空格前文‘He sat on the ground’ → 结合前文‘couldn’t pump water’的挫败感 → 推断出‘sadly’符合语境
17 空 定位空格后文‘which read...’ → 识别‘read’内容为指令性文字 → 推断出‘note’（便条）最符合
18 空 定位空格前文‘Don’t ___’ → 结合后文‘before you leave, refill it with water!’的指令 → 推断出‘forget’（忘记）最符合祈使句逻辑
19 空 定位空格前文‘He could hardly believe his ___’ → 识别固定搭配‘believe one’s eyes/ears’ → 结合‘found the bottle was really filled with water’的意外发现 → 推断出‘luck’（运气）
20 空 定位空格前文‘I can be ___ to go out of this desert’ → 结合前文‘If I only think about myself, as long as I drink the water’的假设 → 推断出‘alive’（活着的）最符合生存逻辑
21 空 定位语境“in the desert for two days” → 推断生理需求 → 选择“thirsty”
22 空 定位语境“made a ___ to do what the note told him” → 识别固定搭配“make a decision” → 选择“decision”
23 空 定位语境“the water really ___” → 结合前文“draw water”与结果“成功” → 选择“came out”
24 空 定位语境“___ his words after the note” → 结合后文引号内容与“after the note” → 选择“added”
25 空 定位语境“it’s really ___” → 结合全文主旨“先付出再索取” → 选择“useful”

考点：语境选词近义词辨析状语从句逻辑关系判断情感逻辑祈使句逻辑固定搭配生存逻辑逻辑推理主旨归纳

译文：一个人在沙漠中走了两天。他在旅途中___沙尘暴。选项：A. met（遇到） B. missed（错过） C. avoided（避免） D. expected（期待）

第 3 部分 · 阅读理解（共12小题，每小题1.5分；满分18分）12 题 · 18 分

Carter’s Restaurant Needs helpers to work evenings from 6:00 to 10:00 pm. ¥150 a day. Call 6895 5550, and ask for John or Sue. No experience necessary. For Sale Almost-new G6 computer for sale. Only ¥450, so hurry. Don’t miss it! Call Joan at 6895 5510 or 7895 5537.

26. Which ad will catch your eye if you are a play lover?
  1. A.Bay Theatre Group.
  2. B.City Music Center.
  3. C.Carter’s Restaurant.
  4. D.For Sale.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 'play lover' → 匹配广告中 'Bay Theatre Group' 的 'theatre' 语义场 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位语义场匹配

译文：题干：如果你是一个戏剧爱好者，哪则广告会吸引你的眼球？正确项：Bay Theatre Group。

27. What telephone number will you dial（拨打）to develop your interest in music?
  1. A.6895 5509.
  2. B.6895 5540.
  3. C.6895 5550.
  4. D.6895 5510.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位关键词 'develop your interest in music' → 匹配广告中 'City Music Center' → 提取对应电话号码 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位数字信息提取

译文：题干：要培养你对音乐的兴趣，你会拨打哪个电话号码？正确项：6895 5540。

28. How much will you pay for a second-hand computer?
  1. A.¥25.
  2. B.¥100.
  3. C.¥150.
  4. D.¥450.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位关键词 'second-hand computer' → 匹配广告中 'Almost-new G6 computer for sale' → 提取价格 '¥450' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位同义替换（second-hand ↔ Almost-new）

译文：题干：买一台二手电脑你要付多少钱？正确项：¥450。

29. Where can you probably find the ads?
  1. A.In a story book.
  2. B.In a city newspaper.
  3. C.In a film poster.
  4. D.In a science magazine. B My name is Mary White. I have five children, so our house is always noisy. Luckily, I love gardening and my garden helps me relax. For a long time, I guarded the garden of peace and quiet. When the children followed me into the garden, I would expect them to be out of sight (视野). And I would hand out tasks. “Here: you water the tomatoes, you dig the hole, and …” Soon they would be tired, and they would leave me to myself. But during a recent spring, while I was working in the garden, my 13-year-old son, Josiah noticed me. He picked up a tool and began helping. Working as a team, we finished the job soon. I appreciated Josiah and kissed him, realizing that I’d enjoyed working with him. One day, when I was picking the peas (豌豆) and having a taste alone, Abby saw me and ran over. I put several peas into her mouth. She just loved how tasty they were. “Mum, I want the others to try them too.” Suddenly, I realized I had been wrong for long. I’d tried to keep the happiness of gardening to myself, and here was a child who couldn’t wait to share with others. “Sure, dear, let’s pick some. We’ll make a wonderful meal.” From then on, I enjoyed all of the garden’s beauties with the children. We brought the vegetables back home, preparing and cooking together, because we knew that everything was better when shared.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析广告内容特征（招聘、出售）→ 推断其常见发布载体 → 匹配选项 'city newspaper' → 得出答案

考点：推理判断语篇类型识别

译文：题干：你可能在哪里找到这些广告？正确项：在城市报纸上。

30. How did Mary White make her garden peaceful and quiet?
  1. A.She offered her children some tasks.
  2. B.She kept her children digging holes.
  3. C.She served her children some tomatoes.
  4. D.She taught her children about gardening.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 'peaceful and quiet' → 匹配语篇中 'I asked my children to help' → 同义替换 'offered her children some tasks' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位指代与动作匹配

译文：题干：Mary White 是如何让她的花园变得宁静祥和的？正确项：她给孩子们安排了一些任务。

31. What does the underlined (画线的) word “appreciated” probably mean?
  1. A.refused
  2. B.thanked
  3. C.ordered
  4. D.educated
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位广告语境 → 分析‘appreciated’在‘No experience necessary’后的逻辑关系 → 推断为‘感激’之意

考点：语境选词近义词辨析

译文：题干：画线单词‘appreciated’可能是什么意思？正确项B：感谢。

32. What do you know about Mary White from the text?
  1. A.She found that teamwork was difficult.
  2. B.She went on working in the garden alone.
  3. C.She still disliked the help from her children.
  4. D.She got to enjoy the time with her children.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位关于Mary White的描述 → 提取‘enjoy the time with her children’等细节 → 推断其态度转变

考点：细节定位与捕捉推理判断

译文：题干：从文中你能了解到关于Mary White的什么信息？正确项D：她开始享受与孩子们在一起的时光。

33. What’s Mary White’s attitude (态度) towards sharing?
  1. A.It is useless.
  2. B.It is painful.
  3. C.It is meaningful.
  4. D.It is common. C Would you try food made of rubbish? When world leaders got together at the UN for a meeting on climate(气候) change, they had a special lunch. The food was made from something that most of us would throw away. There was a salad made of vegetable scraps(剩菜叶). The leaders also had hamburgers made of fruit left over from juicing. The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change. “Food waste is not often noticed in climate change, and that is shameful when so many people are in hunger.” said a government secretary. Most people don’t even realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes they cook too much or they don’t use it in time. Every year more than one-third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste, according to the UN. Stop the waste, and the whole world could save $300 billion from wasted food. More importantly, it could also do less harm to the environment. Think about a bag of cheese(奶酪). Before we buy it at the store, people have to raise the cows, deal with the milk, and drive to the shop to sell the cheese. If you throw the cheese away, you have wasted energy, fuel(燃料) and water, which give out greenhouse gases that add to global warming. The UN said if we stop throwing good food away, we could cut down up to 17 million tons of CO₂. The good of that would be the same as taking one in every four cars off the road.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位描述Mary对分享看法的语句 → 提取‘meaningful’等积极评价词汇 → 推断其态度为‘有意义的’

考点：观点态度推理判断

译文：题干：Mary White对分享的态度是什么？正确项C：它是有意义的。

34. Why did the writer think the lunch was special? A Because the vegetables were made into juice.
  1. A.Because the leaders had a salad and hamburgers.
  2. B.Because food was cooked from something thrown away.
  3. C.Because the lunch was prepared with different fresh fruits.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位描述午餐‘special’的原因 → 提取‘cooked from something thrown away’的核心信息 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉推理判断

译文：题干：为什么作者认为午餐很特别？正确项C：因为食物是由被丢弃的东西烹制而成的。

35. What does food waste influence at last?
  1. A.Fuel.
  2. B.Cars.
  3. C.Cows.
  4. D.Climate.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位讨论食物浪费影响的段落 → 提取‘influence...climate’的最终结论 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉推理判断

译文：题干：食物浪费最终影响什么？正确项D：气候。

36. What can you infer(推断) from the text?
  1. A.Even small actions can help make our world better.
  2. B.We should buy a bag of cheese from the supermarket.
  3. C.Most people have already paid attention to food waste.
  4. D.Saving food is more important than driving cars less often.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别语篇为广告集合 → 分析广告内容（招聘、出售） → 推断其共同点（个人行动） → 匹配选项A的概括性结论

考点：推理判断主旨概括

译文：题干：你能从文中推断出什么？正确项A：即使是微小的行动也能帮助让我们的世界变得更美好。

37. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
  1. A.Cheese—Healthy for people
  2. B.A meeting—Traditional at the UN
  3. C.Food waste—Bad for the environment
  4. D.Greenhouse gases—Dangerous to the Earth
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：识别语篇为广告集合 → 分析广告内容（招聘、出售） → 推断其共同主题（个人行动/环保） → 匹配选项C的环保主题

考点：主旨大意篇章结构

译文：题干：以下哪项是本文的最佳标题？正确项C：食物浪费——对环境有害。

第 4 部分 · 回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分；满分10分）7 题 · 14 分

July to 30 July: matches up to the semi-finals（半决赛）
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位时间信息 → 匹配赛程描述 → 确认半决赛前阶段

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：7月到7月30日：比赛至半决赛（半决赛）。正确答案：D（根据上下文推断为具体日期或描述）

August: finals Times: Boys’ final 1:30. Girls’ final 2:30 For more information, please call on 2862 3111 or visit www.sunshineschool.com.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位决赛时间与联系方式 → 匹配信息完整性 → 确认答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：8月：决赛 时间：男子决赛1:30。女子决赛2:30 如需更多信息，请致电2862 3111或访问www.sunshineschool.com。正确答案：D（根据上下文推断为具体信息）

What is the text above? __________________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：It is a notice for the Table Tennis Club matches in Sunshine Sports Center.

解析：综合全文信息 → 提炼核心主题 → 归纳文本类型

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：上面的文本是什么？正确答案：它是阳光体育中心乒乓球俱乐部比赛的通知。

Where will the matches take place? __________________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：In Sunshine Sports Center.

解析：定位地点信息 → 匹配具体场所 → 确认答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：比赛将在哪里举行？正确答案：在阳光体育中心。

Is July 7 the last day to enter? __________________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Yes, it is.

解析：定位报名截止日期 → 匹配具体日期 → 确认答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：7月7日是报名的最后一天吗？正确答案：是的，它是。

At what time will the Boys’ final start? __________________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：At 1:30.

解析：定位时间信息 → 识别具体时间点 → 得出答案

考点：数字时间语音

译文：题干：男子决赛将在什么时间开始？正确答案：1:30。

How many ways are mentioned to get more information? __________________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Two.

解析：定位信息获取方式 → 计数提及方式 → 得出答案

考点：场景词汇与人物关系细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：提到了多少种获取更多信息的方式？正确答案：两种。

第 5 部分 · 作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。1 题 · 15 分

Dear fellow students, I am Li Hua. Today I would like to introduce Li Xiang, a model student in my mind. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening!

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Dear fellow students, I am Li Hua. Today I would like to introduce Li Xiang, a model student in my mind. Li Xiang is not only hard-working but also very helpful. In class, he always listens carefully and takes notes. After class, he often helps his classmates with their studies. He is good at all subjects, especially English and math. He often gets high marks in exams. Li Xiang is also active in sports. He plays basketball very well and is a member of our school basketball team. He believes that a healthy body is important for study. What I admire most is his kindness. He often volunteers to help clean the classroom and takes part in community service activities. He always wears a smile and is ready to help others. Li Xiang is a true role model for us. We should learn from him and try to be better students. Thanks for your listening!

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