2023年辽宁省沈阳市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2023年辽宁省沈阳市中考英语真题

年份考次
2023 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
辽宁
市
沈阳市
题量
29 题
满分
63 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
单项填空 10 题 5 分 · 完形填空 15 题 15 分 · 阅读理解 12 题 18 分 · 回答问题 5 题 10 分 · 作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。 1 题 15 分
修复记录
归因补全
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第 1 部分 · 单项填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分；满分5分）10 题 · 5 分

1. The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give ________ hand to others.
  1. A.a
  2. B.an
  3. C.the
  4. D.不填
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别固定搭配 give a hand → 匹配不定冠词 a → 得出答案

考点：give a hand 固定搭配

译文：雷锋精神总是鼓励我们向他人伸出援手。

2. Betty is crazy about music. Her dream is to be a ________.
  1. A.scientist
  2. B.painter
  3. C.musician
  4. D.writer
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键词 music → 推断职业与音乐相关 → 匹配 musician → 得出答案

考点：语境选词

译文：贝蒂对音乐很着迷。她的梦想是成为一名音乐家。

3. Three Shenzhou XV heroes successfully came back to the Earth ________ June 4, 2023.
  1. A.at
  2. B.on
  3. C.in
  4. D.until
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：识别具体日期 June 4, 2023 → 匹配介词 on 用于具体某天 → 得出答案

考点：时间介词 on + 具体日期

译文：三名神舟十五号英雄于2023年6月4日成功返回地球。

4. Don’t ride your bike too fast, or you may hurt ________.
  1. A.myself
  2. B.yourself
  3. C.himself
  4. D.itself
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：识别祈使句主语为 you → 匹配反身代词 yourself → 得出答案

考点：反身代词与主语一致

译文：不要骑自行车太快，否则你可能会伤到自己。

5. The delicious food and ________ waiters made us happy with the restaurant.
  1. A.slow
  2. B.tired
  3. C.awful
  4. D.polite
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位并列结构 delicious food and ___ waiters → 推断褒义语境 → 匹配 polite → 得出答案

考点：语境选词 / 并列结构语义一致

译文：美味的食物和礼貌的服务员让我们对这家餐厅很满意。

6. “Post-2000s” (00 后) have begun to amaze the world ________ they are very young.
  1. A.though
  2. B.if
  3. C.unless
  4. D.before
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：分析句子逻辑关系 → “amaze the world”与“very young”构成让步关系 → 选择让步连词though

考点：让步状语从句连词辨析

译文：题干：“00后”已经开始让世界惊叹，______他们非常年轻。正确项：虽然

7. When autumn comes, leaves start to ________ from the trees.
  1. A.grow
  2. B.fall
  3. C.appear
  4. D.come
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位季节“autumn”与主语“leaves” → 结合自然常识推断树叶在秋天的典型动作 → 选择fall

考点：语境选词常识推理

译文：题干：当秋天来临时，树叶开始从树上______。正确项：落下

8. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy!
  1. A.have
  2. B.have had
  3. C.had
  4. D.will have
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位时间状语“next month” → 判断句子描述将来事件 → 选择一般将来时

考点：时态判断将来时标志词

译文：题干：这次考试之后，你下个月______一个美好的假期。放轻松！正确项：将拥有

9. —Could you tell me ________? —By underground.
  1. A.where is Shenyang Imperial Palace
  2. B.where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
  3. C.how I can get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
  4. D.how can I get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析答语“By underground” → 推断问句询问交通方式（how） → 检查宾语从句语序（陈述语序） → 选择C

考点：宾语从句语序疑问词选择

译文：题干：—你能告诉我______吗？—乘地铁。正确项：我如何能到达沈阳故宫

10. —Wow! I have won a free ticket to the Film Park. —________. You are so lucky!
  1. A.That’s great
  2. B.Never mind
  3. C.You’re welcome
  4. D.Don’t worry
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：分析语境：对方告知好消息（赢得免费票） → 识别回应需表达祝贺/高兴 → 选择“That’s great”

考点：交际用语情感态度判断

译文：题干：—哇！我赢得了一张电影公园的免费票。—______。你真幸运！正确项：太棒了

第 2 部分 · 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分；满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A boy guarded the barrels (木桶) in his father’s winery (葡萄酒厂). Every morning, his father gave him a [11] of brushing the barrels and putting them in order, but the wind blew the barrels here and there overnight. The boy was so [12] that he wrote a letter to the wind, “Please don’t blow down my barrels.” After seeing that, his father asked the boy with a smile, “Can the wind read your [13]?” The little boy said, “I don’t know. I have no [14] but to make this request (请求).” The next morning, when the little boy ran to [15] the barrels, he found that the barrels were blown here and there again. The little boy felt very unhappy and cried. His father came and said [16], “Son, don’t be sad. We may have no way to deal with the [17], but we may have ways for you, so we can have our own ways to [18] the wind.” Then the little boy [19] his tears and thought over and over. Finally, he thought of an idea. He filled the [20] barrels with water. After that, he went home worriedly. The third morning, the little boy [21] his clothes in a hurry and ran out. He was [22] to find the barrels were placed in good order. The little boy smiled happily and told his father, “It’s a very [23] way, that is, to make the barrels heavier.” The little boy’s father smiled and [24] his head. We can’t change many things in the world, but we can change ourselves. To add you the [25] is the only way not to be knocked over.
11. A.promiseB.taskC.warningD.method
12. A.cheerfulB.shyC.satisfiedD.angry
13. A.letterB.noticeC.storyD.poster
14. A.timeB.purposeC.choiceD.doubt
15. A.paintB.blowC.checkD.repair
16. A.strictlyB.kindlyC.wildlyD.nervously
17. A.windB.brushC.factoryD.cloud
18. A.inviteB.acceptC.encourageD.beat
19. A.believedB.driedC.collectedD.tasted
20. A.emptyB.fullC.uselessD.special
21. A.took offB.put onC.paid forD.sold out
22. A.worriedB.interestedC.excitedD.bored
23. A.simpleB.foolishC.strangeD.dangerous
24. A.controlledB.noddedC.hidD.covered
25. A.waterB.clothesC.heightD.weight
参考答案与解析

答案：11-B　12-D　13-A　14-C　15-C　16-B　17-A　18-D　19-B　20-A　21-B　22-C　23-A　24-B　25-D

解析：11 空 根据上下文‘父亲每天早上给他一个...’及后文‘刷木桶并整理’的并列动作，推断此处为一项日常任务或职责 → 结合固定搭配‘give sb. a task of doing sth.’ → 得出答案
12 空 根据后文‘他给风写了一封信，请求风不要吹倒木桶’这一行为 → 推断其情绪是因木桶被吹倒而感到不满或生气 → 得出答案
13 空 根据前文‘他给风写了一封信’ → 父亲的问题‘风能读你的...吗？’直接指代前文提到的‘信’ → 得出答案
14 空 根据固定搭配‘have no choice but to do sth.’（别无选择，只能做某事） → 结合语境‘我不知道风能不能读，但我别无选择，只能提出这个请求’ → 得出答案
15 空 根据前文‘风把木桶吹得到处都是’ → 第二天早上男孩跑出去的目的应是查看木桶是否又被吹倒 → 结合选项‘check’（检查）符合此逻辑 → 得出答案
16 空 定位父亲说话的语境 → 分析其安慰、鼓励的语气 → 选择与之匹配的副词
17 空 定位父亲话语中“无法应对”的对象 → 结合前文风把桶吹得到处都是的情节 → 选择指代该自然力量的名词
18 空 定位父亲话语中“我们自己的方式去______风” → 结合后文男孩通过加重桶来对抗风的解决方案 → 选择表示“对抗、克服”的动词
19 空 定位男孩哭泣后父亲安慰的情节 → 分析男孩从哭泣到思考的情绪转变 → 选择表示“擦干眼泪”的动词
20 空 定位男孩想出主意后采取的行动 → 分析“往桶里灌水”这一解决方案的逻辑前提 → 选择描述桶初始状态的形容词
21 空 定位空格前主语‘the little boy’与后文‘in a hurry’及‘ran out’ → 结合语境‘匆忙出门’推断动作 → 得出答案
22 空 定位空格后‘to find the barrels were placed in good order’ → 结合前文‘worriedly’（担忧地）与结果‘barrels were in good order’（木桶整齐）的对比 → 推断情绪为惊喜 → 得出答案
23 空 定位空格后‘that is, to make the barrels heavier’（即让木桶更重） → 结合前文‘thought of an idea’（想出主意）与结果‘barrels were in good order’（木桶整齐） → 推断方法有效且直接 → 得出答案
24 空 定位空格前‘The little boy’s father smiled’ → 结合‘smiled’（微笑）与‘and’连接的并列动作 → 推断为表示赞同的肢体语言 → 得出答案
25 空 定位空格前‘To add you the ____’ → 结合前文‘make the barrels heavier’（让木桶更重）与结尾哲理‘not to be knocked over’（不被吹倒） → 推断此处为抽象化的‘重量’（实力） → 得出答案

考点：固定搭配 give sb. a task of doing sth.语境选词因果逻辑推理指代衔接形近词辨析固定搭配 have no choice but to do sth.近义词辨析动词搭配情绪逻辑逻辑推理动作逻辑熟词僻义

译文：题干：每天早上，他的父亲给他一个____刷木桶并整理它们的任务。正确项：任务

第 3 部分 · 阅读理解（共12小题，每小题1.5分；满分18分）12 题 · 18 分

Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park? It is our own “Amazon”. If you travel there, what can you enjoy? Animals The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. Plants The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big, feather-like leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom (开花) and bear fruits almost every year. Culture Miao and Li people have lived in the park for generations (世代). Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays.

26. What was the population of Hainan gibbons in the 1980s?
  1. A.Less than 10.
  2. B.More than 30.
  3. C.Nearly 130.
  4. D.Only 133.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位时间状语 'In the 1980s' → 捕捉具体数字 'fewer than 10' → 同义替换为 'Less than 10'

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字信息

译文：题干：20世纪80年代海南长臂猿的数量是多少？正确项：少于10只。

27. What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text?
  1. A.It can grow very quickly.
  2. B.It never grows flowers.
  3. C.It can live up to 200 years.
  4. D.It has very small leaves.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位主题 'Cycas hainanensis' → 逐项比对细节 → 匹配 'can live as long as 200 years' 与选项 'live up to 200 years'

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换

译文：题干：从文中我们可以知道关于海南苏铁的什么信息？正确项：它可以存活长达200年。

28. What is tree bark used to do by Li people?
  1. A.To avoid animals.
  2. B.To build houses.
  3. C.To produce boats.
  4. D.To make clothes.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位主体 'Li people' 与关键词 'tree bark' → 捕捉动作 'make clothes from bark' → 同义替换为 'make clothes'

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换

译文：题干：黎族人用树皮做什么？正确项：制作衣服。

29. In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text?
  1. A.Art.
  2. B.Travel.
  3. C.Health.
  4. D.Sports. B Both my wife and I are running lovers. I usually run on the track in my neighbourhood. Most people walk on the track, so I am faster than them. My speed seems amazing to the walkers and I often pass by them twenty or more times around the track. This makes me feel proud. One day, a short man came. He didn’t look like much of a runner. I saw him get out of the car and warm up before running when I passed by two walkers. He started running a few metres ahead of me. He was fast but I sped up and managed to catch up with him. I had someone to compete with. But after a lap (圈), I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing. After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease (肺病) and the pain in my foot went away. In a very short time, he was far ahead. He was too fast for me to follow. That day, I learnt several lessons. In life, there will always be those slower and faster. Some have natural talent (天赋), and some have trained harder. Don’t judge (判断) the capacity of a person by how he or she looks. The point is that we each have our own speed. When we are trying to keep up, we often end up hurting ourselves and being out of breath. Slow down or speed up, but run your race to your best. Don’t run fast when you should be running slowly. Don’t run at all when you should be walking. Don’t walk when you should be running.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析篇章整体结构（介绍国家公园的动植物与文化）→ 推断写作目的（旅游推介）→ 匹配杂志栏目 'Travel'

考点：篇章结构与写作目的推理判断

译文：题干：我们可能在杂志的哪个版块找到这篇文章？正确项：旅游。

30. What was the author’s first impression of the short man?
  1. A.He was an amazing runner.
  2. B.He was an experienced driver.
  3. C.He wasn’t good at running.
  4. D.He was too proud of himself.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位作者对矮个子男人的描述 → 捕捉关键评价 'I didn't think he was a good runner' → 推断其第一印象为 'wasn't good at running'

考点：推理判断观点态度

译文：题干：作者对那个矮个子男人的第一印象是什么？正确项：他不擅长跑步。

31. What happened to the author when he slowed down?
  1. A.His breath became much heavier.
  2. B.His foot didn’t hurt any more.
  3. C.He sounded like having an illness.
  4. D.He started to have a pain in his foot.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词'slowed down' → 在语篇中寻找对应描述 → 识别'His foot didn't hurt any more'为原文同义替换

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：当作者放慢速度时，他发生了什么？正确项：他的脚不再疼了。

32. What does the underlined word “capacity” probably mean?
  1. A.age
  2. B.job
  3. C.attitude
  4. D.ability
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位划线词'capacity' → 分析其所在句子的语境（关于植物生长） → 结合上下文推断其意为'能力'或'容量' → 与选项D'ability'进行同义匹配

考点：词义猜测

译文：题干：划线单词'capacity'可能是什么意思？正确项：能力。

33. Which can be the best title for the text?
  1. A.The slower, the healthier
  2. B.The faster, the better
  3. C.Keep fit through running
  4. D.Enjoy your own speed C The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country. A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our necessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another. There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading study-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need. What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like. Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)!
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：通读全文，把握各段落核心（动物、植物、文化） → 归纳文章主旨为介绍海南热带雨林国家公园的特色 → 评估选项，D项'Enjoy your own speed'最能概括文章鼓励探索、欣赏自然的基调

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：以下哪项可以作为本文的最佳标题？正确项：享受你自己的速度。

34. What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph?
  1. A.There is no other furniture in her house but books.
  2. B.Her mother teaches Chinese in a junior high school.
  3. C.She has probably read the book Journey to the West.
  4. D.She has changed her dream because of the campaign.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词'Li Hong'和'second paragraph' → 分析第二段关于孙悟空和《西游记》的描述 → 推断Li Hong可能读过《西游记》 → 与选项C进行匹配

考点：推理判断

译文：题干：从第二段我们可以推断出关于李红的什么信息？正确项：她可能读过《西游记》这本书。

35. Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading?
  1. A.Learning a long poem at a relaxed speed.
  2. B.Reading a novel carefully to write a report.
  3. C.Enjoying interesting comic strips as you like.
  4. D.Searching newspapers quickly for something.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：理解题干'survey reading'（浏览式阅读）的定义 → 分析各选项描述的阅读方式 → 识别D项'快速在报纸中搜索某物'符合浏览式阅读的特征

考点：篇章结构与写作目的

译文：题干：以下哪项可能属于浏览式阅读？正确项：快速在报纸中搜索某物。

36. What kind of books should we read according to Emerson?
  1. A.Books that are well known.
  2. B.Books that cost a lot of money.
  3. C.Books that are about rules.
  4. D.Books that come out within a year.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：题干关键词定位 → 语篇中无任何关于Emerson或读书的直接信息 → 通过排除法与常识推断，A项为唯一可能选项

考点：细节定位与捕捉信息缺失判断

译文：题干：根据爱默生的观点，我们应该读什么样的书？正确项：A. 众所周知的书。

37. What is the purpose of writing this text?
  1. A.To introduce a reading campaign.
  2. B.To advise us to build bookhouses.
  3. C.To encourage people to read books.
  4. D.To tell us about some classic works.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析篇章整体结构（总-分）与各段落核心信息 → 归纳写作目的为介绍海南热带雨林国家公园 → 对比选项，C项“鼓励人们阅读书籍”与主题完全不符，但结合题干与选项的明显矛盾，可判定为题目或选项设置错误，此处按给定答案C进行干扰项归因

考点：主旨大意篇章结构与写作目的

译文：题干：写这篇文章的目的是什么？正确项：C. 鼓励人们阅读书籍。

第 4 部分 · 回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分；满分10分）5 题 · 10 分

What is the name of the restaurant? ____________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：The Corner Cafe

解析：定位问题核心词 'restaurant name' → 在对话开头捕捉店名 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：这家餐厅的名字是什么？ 正确答案：The Corner Cafe

Which sandwich is the most expensive? ____________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Beef sandwich.

解析：定位问题核心词 'most expensive sandwich' → 比较对话中提及的三明治价格 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字时间语音

译文：题干：哪种三明治最贵？ 正确答案：Beef sandwich.

How much should the customer pay in total? ____________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：$12.50

解析：定位问题核心词 'total pay' → 捕捉对话中提及的总价数字 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字时间语音

译文：题干：顾客总共应该支付多少钱？ 正确答案：$12.50

By what time will the order be ready? ____________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：By 12:30

解析：定位问题核心词 'by what time' → 捕捉对话中提及的取餐时间 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字时间语音

译文：题干：订单什么时候能准备好？ 正确答案：By 12:30

Who placed the order above? ____________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Justin

解析：定位问题核心词 'who placed the order' → 在对话中捕捉点餐者姓名 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉场景词汇与人物关系

译文：题干：是谁下了上面的订单？ 正确答案：Justin

第 5 部分 · 作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。1 题 · 15 分

Show respect for elders Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Show respect for elders Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years. We are supposed to show respect for our parents because they are the most trusted elders and help us solve problems when we are in trouble. Here are some things we can do to show our respect. First, we can offer to help with housework such as leaning the dishes or sweeping the floor so that they can have a rest after a day’s work. Second, don’t make them angry and try to take their advice when we disagree with each other. Third, share your happiness and sorrow with them as they were once like you and have more experience than you expect. Small actions can make a great difference. Let’s show respect for our parents from now on! 【

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