2021年06月大学英语四级真题（第3套）及答案解析
2021年06月大学英语四级真题（第3套） · 完整收录
- 年份考次
- 2021 年 · 6月·第3套
- 命题归属
- 全国统一命题
- 省份
- 全国
- 听力
- 含听力
- 题量
- 39 题
- 满分
- 710 分
- 限时
- 125 分钟
- 题型结构
- 听力 25 题 248.5 分 · 选词填空 10 题 35.5 分 · 长篇阅读 10 题 71 分 · 仔细阅读 10 题 142 分 · 写作 1 题 106.5 分 · 汉译英 1 题 106.5 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
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第 1 部分 · 听力25 题 · 249 分
听力原文 · Questions 1 to 2（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
And finally in tonight's news, a 9-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, wins a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school's workbook, Joe's parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class. His teacher recognized Joe's talent and posted all his work online, which led to something pretty wonderful. A restaurant named "Number 4" in Newcastle contacted Joe's teacher to ask if the 9-year-old could come and decorate its dining-room with his drawings. Every day after school, Joe's dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he's all done, the work will remain there permanently. Joe's dad said Joe is a really talented little boy. He's excellent at school. He's great at football. But drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about. decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class.
- A.Enrol him in a Newcastle football club.
- B.Send him to an after-school art class.
- C.Forbid him to draw in his workbook.
- D.Help him post his drawings online.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'Joe's parents' → 听到 'Rather than shutting down... decided to encourage... by sending... to an after-school art class' → 同义替换 'encourage his creativity' 为 'decide to do' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：乔的父母决定做什么？正确项：送他去课外艺术班。
- A.Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.
- B.Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings.
- C.Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms.
- D.Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'restaurant "Number 4"' → 听到 'A restaurant named "Number 4"... contacted Joe's teacher to ask if... could come and decorate its dining-room' → 同义替换 'contacted Joe's teacher to ask' 为 'contacted Joe' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：'4号'餐厅做了什么？正确项：联系乔来装饰其餐厅。
听力原文 · Questions 3 to 4（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Kirsteen Marshall, a 34-year-old mum of one, posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday, begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog. After combing through the security video outside a Gorbals shop, Kirsteen has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog. The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Kirsteen also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby. The family is now offering a £5,000 reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief. The dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Kirsteen said: "We'll pay that to anyone who brings him home as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance." Police are investigating the incident. Wednesday, begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog.
- A.Get her pet dog back.
- B.Identify the suspect on the security video.
- C.Beg for help from the police.
- D.Post pictures of her pet dog on social media.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位题干关键词 'Kirsteen Marshall' → 听到 'posted a tearful video... begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog' → 推断其核心目的为找回宠物 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位目的推断
译文：题干：柯尔斯汀·马歇尔试图做什么？正确项：找回她的宠物狗。
- A.It is suffering a great deal from the incident.
- B.It is helping the police with the investigation.
- C.It is bringing the case to the local district court.
- D.It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'Kirsteen Marshall's family' → 听到 'The family is now offering a £5,000 reward' → 同义替换 'offering a £5,000 reward' 为 'offering a big reward' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：新闻报道关于柯尔斯汀·马歇尔的家庭说了什么？正确项：它正在向任何提供帮助的人提供巨额悬赏。
听力原文 · Questions 5 to 7（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
London's Eggs & Bread café offers boiled eggs, toast, jam, and bacon, as well as tea, coffee and orange juice. But at the end of the meal, customers don't have to worry about the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café, or nothing at all. Owner Guy Wilson says his café aims to build community, rather than profits. He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth by providing affordable breakfasts. The café is open in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day. The café doesn't use volunteers, but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service. It doesn't take donations and doesn't want to be seen as a charity. Mr. Wilson says, when people start to know other people around them, they realize they're not that different. And whatever their financial background, or their educational background, most people will have something in common with each other. He says it's important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence. provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth by providing affordable breakfasts.
- A.Provide free meals to the local poor.
- B.Help people connect with each other.
- C.Help eliminate class difference in his area.
- D.Provide customers with first-class service.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'Guy Wilson' 和 'aims to' → 听到 'Owner Guy Wilson says his café aims to build community, rather than profits' → 同义替换 'build community' 为 'help people connect' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：盖伊·威尔逊说他的咖啡馆旨在做什么？正确项：帮助人们相互联系。
- A.It does not supervise its employees.
- B.It donates regularly to a local charity.
- C.It does not use volunteers.
- D.It is open round the clock.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位原文关于员工与志愿者的描述 → 识别“doesn't use volunteers”与选项C的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
- A.They will realise the importance of communication.
- B.They will come to the café even more frequently.
- C.They will care less about their own background.
- D.They will find they have something in common. four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位原文“when people start to know other people around them”后的结果描述 → 识别“most people will have something in common with each other”与选项D的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
听力原文 · Questions 8 to 11（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
M: So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday? W: How about inviting people to come at 6:00 p.m.? Then we'll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink, and stuff like that. M: Yes, I was thinking that around 6:00 would be good too. What food should we provide? W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake, and some biscuits. And now I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks, and some other kinds of food, so that people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that's a bit too formal. It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like. M: Yes, that sounds good. I'll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I've not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think? W: Sounds great. I think those drinks will be enough. And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers. So going there should be a great idea. What should we do about music? M: Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers, so that we can play some music. He has a great collection of different stuff. W: Yes. All right. people to come at 6:00 p.m.?
- A.A surprise party for Paul's birthday.
- B.Travel plans for the coming weekend.
- C.Preparations for Saturday's get-together.
- D.The new market on the other side of town.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：综合对话中关于时间、食物、饮料、音乐的讨论 → 归纳核心话题为“为周六聚会做准备” → 得出答案
考点：主旨大意归纳概括
- A.It makes the hostess's job a whole lot easier.
- B.It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.
- C.It saves considerable time and labor.
- D.It requires fewer tables and chairs.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位女士解释自助餐原因的句子 → 识别“rather than getting everyone to sit down... It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other”与选项B的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
- A.It offers some big discounts.
- B.It is quite close to her house.
- C.It is more spacious and less crowded.
- D.It sells local wines and soft drinks.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位女士关于新超市的评论 → 识别“offers some big discounts”与选项A的同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
- A.Cook a dish for the party.
- B.Arrive 10 minutes earlier.
- C.Prepare a few opening remarks.
- D.Bring his computer and speakers.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位男士建议句 → 识别动作对象与内容 → 匹配选项
考点：细节定位指代与动作匹配
译文：题干：男士建议他们让保罗做什么？ 正确项：带上他的电脑和音箱。
听力原文 · Questions 12 to 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
W: I'm thinking of buying a car. I wouldn't need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends. M: That's exciting. Would this be your first car? W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see in America, many cities don't have good public transport. So, most people need their own car to get around. M: I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model? W: No, not really. I've heard that German cars are very reliable, but I haven't decided on a specific model yet. I'd also like it to be small, so that it's easy to drive in the city. M: I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He's a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions. W: Hmm, that's nice of you, but I don't want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars. M: Oh, no, he's not like that. He's a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you. W: Well, if you trust him, then, I guess it should be OK. To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea. M: Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He's a lovely guy, and he'll be happy to help. the weekends.
- A.For commuting to work.
- B.For long-distance travel.
- C.For getting around in Miami.
- D.For convenience at weekends.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位女士购车动机句 → 识别转折后核心信息 → 同义替换
考点：细节定位转折信号捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：女士为什么想要一辆车？ 正确项：为了周末的便利。
- A.They are reliable.
- B.They are compact.
- C.They are spacious.
- D.They are easy to drive.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位女士评价德国车的句子 → 提取核心形容词 → 匹配选项
考点：细节定位信息提取
译文：题干：女士对德国车有什么评价？ 正确项：它们很可靠。
- A.Buy a second-hand car.
- B.Trust her own judgment.
- C.Seek advice from his friend.
- D.Look around before deciding.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位男士推荐句 → 识别建议内容 → 同义替换
考点：细节定位建议句型识别同义替换
译文：题干：男士建议女士做什么？ 正确项：向他的朋友寻求建议。
- A.He sells new cars.
- B.He can be trusted.
- C.He is starting a business.
- D.He is a successful car dealer. questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位男士描述朋友的句子 → 提取关键特征 → 匹配选项
考点：细节定位信息提取
译文：题干：从对话中我们了解到男士的朋友什么信息？ 正确项：他值得信赖。
听力原文 · Questions 16 to 18（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
Pigs are not native to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the early times, pigs were allowed to wander freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem. In fact, as one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent, wild pigs cause millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals. Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity. In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs damage native habitats by rooting up grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle. The eagles began breeding on the island, and also feeding on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely. became a problem.
- A.Many escaped from farms and became wild.
- B.They were actually native to North America.
- C.Many got killed in the wild when searching for food.
- D.They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位早期猪在北美的情况 → 听到‘allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild’ → 同义替换为‘escaped from farms and became wild’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：关于北美早期的猪，我们了解到什么？正确项：许多猪从农场逃逸并变成了野猪。
- A.They often make sudden attacks on people.
- B.They break up nature's food supply chain.
- C.They cause much environmental pollution.
- D.They carry a great many diseases.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位野猪对人类的威胁 → 听到‘harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals’ → 同义替换为‘carry a great many diseases’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：为什么野猪对人类构成威胁？正确项：它们携带大量疾病。
- A.They lived peacefully with wild pigs.
- B.They ran out of food completely.
- C.They fell victim to eagles.
- D.They reproduced quickly.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位关于岛上原生狐狸的信息 → 听到‘The eagles began...feeding on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely’ → 推理出狐狸成为鹰的猎物
考点：细节定位与捕捉推理判断
译文：题干：关于美国岛上的原生狐狸，文章说了什么？正确项：它们成为了鹰的牺牲品。
听力原文 · Questions 19 to 21（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space. The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans as they float inside it in a pressurised tank. The effect would be to roast the beans all over, and produce perfect coffee. The businessmen say that on Earth, beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster. But if gravity is removed, the beans float around in a heated oven, receiving 360 degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection. The spacecraft will reach a height of around 200 km. The beans would then be roasted in the heat generated by the craft's 20-minute re-entry into Earth's atmosphere. Temperatures in the pressurised tank will be kept to around 200°C. Once back on Earth, the planet's first space-roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai. This is where the pair's company is based. It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup. Surprisingly, the Space Roaster concept—should it go ahead—will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space. In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space. roast coffee beans in outer space. Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.
- A.Taste coffee while in outer space.
- B.Roast coffee beans in outer space.
- C.Develop a new strain of coffee bean.
- D.Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位企业家的计划 → 听到‘planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space’ → 同义替换为‘Roast coffee beans in outer space’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：一对企业家计划做什么？正确项：在太空中烘焙咖啡豆。
- A.They can easily get burned.
- B.They float around in the oven.
- C.They have to be heated to 360°C.
- D.They receive evenly distributed heat.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位地球上烘焙咖啡豆的情况 → 听到‘on Earth, beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster’ → 同义替换为‘They can easily get burned’
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：关于在地球上烘焙的咖啡豆，文章说了什么？正确项：它们很容易被烧焦。
- A.They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans.
- B.They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters.
- C.They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.
- D.They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 '2015' 和 'Italian companies' → 听到 'In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.' → 同义替换 'collaborated on the construction' 为 'collaborated on building'，'the first coffee machine designed for use in space' 为 'the first space coffee machine' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：2015年，这两家意大利公司做了什么？正确项C：他们合作制造了第一台太空咖啡机。
听力原文 · Questions 22 to 25（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）
In cold and snowy Alaska, there's a village called Takotna. It has a population of a mere 49 souls. Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year. It is a seven-day race, called the Iditarod Trail, and participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies. Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year. The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age. The exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds, such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel. The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want. The more calories, the better. Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s. It started with one person, Jan Newton. Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling-fruit pies quickly got the racers' attention, and the village gained some fame as a result. Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as Queen of Takotna. race that takes place every year.
- A.It is the best time for sightseeing.
- B.A race passes through it annually.
- C.They come to clean the Iditarod Trail.
- D.It is when the villagers choose a queen.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'Takotna' 和 'every March' → 听到 'Each March... because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.' → 同义替换 'located in the middle of a race' 为 'A race passes through it'，'every year' 为 'annually' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：为什么每年三月有很多人来到Takotna村？正确项B：因为一项年度赛事会途经此地。
- A.Its children's baking skills.
- B.Its unique winter scenery.
- C.Its tasty fruit pies.
- D.Its great food variety.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'Takotna' 和 'famous for' → 听到 'Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.' → 同义替换 'delicious' 为 'tasty' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：Takotna村以什么闻名？正确项C：它美味的水果派。
- A.The contestants.
- B.The entire village.
- C.Jan Newton and her friends.
- D.People from the state of Idaho.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'help' 和 'event of the year' → 听到 'The whole village chips in to help, including the kids...' → 同义替换 'The whole village' 为 'The entire village' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：谁来帮助准备这个年度盛事？正确项B：整个村庄。
- A.She owned a restaurant in Idaho.
- B.She married her husband in 1972.
- C.She went to Alaska to compete in a race.
- D.She helped the village to become famous.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'Jan Newton' → 听到 'Her rich and filling-fruit pies quickly got the racers' attention, and the village gained some fame as a result.' → 推理：她的派让村庄获得了名声 → 同义替换 'gained some fame' 为 'become famous' → 得出答案
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：文章关于Jan Newton说了什么？正确项D：她帮助这个村庄变得有名。
第 2 部分 · 选词填空1 题 · 36 分
A. announceB. commonplaceC. confessD. desperateE. experienceF. fascinatedG. optionH. promptedI. roughlyJ. routinelyK. shiningL. showeringM. varietyN. voyageO. wonder
参考答案与解析
答案：26-E 27-B 28-J 29-D 30-H 31-I 32-K 33-O 34-C 35-G
解析：26 空 定位空格前 'store' → 结合语境 'on the EFTPOS terminal before I can pay' → 推断为购物体验 → 匹配 'experience' 构成固定搭配 'store experience'
27 空 定位空格前 'Even the most' → 后接 'activities, such as calling Telstra or picking up a parcel' → 推断为日常、普通活动 → 匹配 'mundane'
28 空 定位空格前 'Online purchases are' → 后接 'followed up by' → 推断为被动语态下的频率副词 → 匹配 'always' 表示普遍现象
29 空 定位空格前 'Companies are so' → 后接 'for a hit of stars' → 推断为公司对评分的渴求状态 → 匹配 'desperate' 构成 'be desperate for' 搭配
30 空 定位空格前 'We're' → 后接 'to rate our apps' → 推断为被动语态下的不定式结构，表示“被要求/被期望” → 匹配 'expected'
31 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（课程提供者要求评价，但评价时仅完成很小比例）→ 识别表示“仅仅”、“只有”的副词 → 选择符合语境的 only
32 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（公司使用评分是因为一个______的星级反馈展示已成为现代经济的核动力源）→ 结合上下文（公司对评分的渴求）与选项词义（prominent突出的，promising有希望的，prosperous繁荣的，productive多产的）→ 选择最符合语境的形容词
33 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句意（对这些公司是否基于捏造建立业务产生疑问）→ 结合固定搭配（can't help but + 动词原形）与语境（质疑公司数据真实性）→ 选出表示‘怀疑’的动词
34 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句内逻辑（转折关系）与上下文语义（对调查真实性的质疑） → 选择表示‘怀疑’的动词
35 空 定位空格所在句 → 分析句内逻辑（转折关系）与上下文语义（质疑公司数据真实性） → 选择表示‘怀疑’的动词
考点：固定搭配 store experience语境选词形容词辨析副词辨析被动语态固定搭配 be desperate for非谓语动词（不定式）近义词辨析固定搭配 can't help but do sth.转折连词 however宾语从句语义动词与 if 引导的从句搭配
译文：如今，不被要求对公司在五星制下的表现进行评分，你就买不到任何东西。在付款前，我被要求在EFTPOS终端上对我的“商店______”进行评分。
第 3 部分 · 长篇阅读1 题 · 71 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-G 2-D 3-K 4-B 5-I 6-F 7-J 8-C 9-I 10-E
解析：36. 定位段落 [B] 中关于 'close losers' 的描述 → 提取其与 'persevere' 的逻辑关系 → 匹配题干同义改写
37. 定位段落 [D] 中关于 'Matthew effect' 的描述 → 提取其核心含义（富者愈富） → 匹配题干同义改写
38. 定位段落 [A] 中关于 'setbacks' 的描述 → 提取其可能带来的积极影响 → 匹配题干同义改写
39. 定位段落 [B] 中关于 'conflicting results' 的描述 → 提取其核心含义（研究结果矛盾） → 匹配题干同义改写
40. 定位段落 [B] 和 [D] 中关于 'Matthew effect' 的描述 → 推断其隐含的批评态度 → 匹配题干同义改写
41. 定位题干关键词 'persisted in research without receiving a grant' → 对应段落 [B] 中 'just missed getting a research grant' → 同义替换 'without receiving a grant' → 得出答案 F
42. 定位题干关键词 'research paper rejected by one journal may get accepted by another' → 语篇未提及此信息 → 但根据段落匹配题型逻辑，需在剩余段落中寻找最可能匹配项 → 段落 [E] 未提供，但根据题干与已匹配段落的逻辑，推断 J 为最可能匹配项
43. 定位题干关键词 'narrow winners of research grants had better chances to be promoted to professors' → 对应段落 [C] 中 'the narrow winners were 50 percent more likely to be given a professorship' → 同义替换 'better chances to be promoted to professors' → 得出答案 C
44. 定位题干关键词 'distribute grants on a relatively equal basis' → 语篇未直接提及此建议 → 但根据段落 [D] 中 'The phenomenon is often referred to as the Matthew effect' 及后续可能的讨论 → 推断此建议可能出现在未提供的段落中 → 根据题型逻辑，I 为最可能匹配项
45. 定位题干关键词 'Minor setbacks... strong negative effect on the career of close losers' → 对应段落 [D] 中 'launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers' → 同义替换 'strong negative effect' → 得出答案 E
考点：细节定位同义改写概念理解推理判断观点态度同义替换逻辑推断
译文：题干：成为惜败者可能极大地激励一个人坚持他们的研究。正确项 G：惜败者可能被激励去更加努力工作。
第 4 部分 · 仔细阅读10 题 · 142 分
Boredom has become trendy. Studies point to how boredom is good for creativity and innovation, as well as mental health. It is found that people are more creative following the completion of a tedious task. When people are bored, they have an increase in "associative thought"—the process of making new connections between ideas, which is linked to innovative thinking. These studies are impressive, but in reality, the benefits of boredom may be related to having time to clear your mind, be quiet, or daydream. In our stimulation-rich world, it seems unrealistic that boredom could occur at all. Yet, there are valid reasons boredom may feel so painful. As it turns out, boredom might signal the fact that you have a need that isn't being met. Our always-on world of social media may result in more connections, but they are superficial and can get in the way of building a real sense of belonging. Feeling bored may signal the desire for a greater sense of community and the feeling that you fit in with others around you. So take the step of joining an organization to build face-to-face relationships. You'll find depth that you won't get from your screen no matter how many likes you get on your post. Similar to the need for belonging, bored people often report that they feel a limited sense of meaning. It's a fundamental human need to have a larger purpose and to feel like we're part of something bigger than ourselves. When people are bored, they're more likely to feel less meaning in their lives. If you want to reduce boredom and increase your sense of meaning, seek work where you can make a unique contribution, or find a cause you can support with your time and talent. If your definition of boredom is being quiet, mindful, and reflective, keep it up. But if you're struggling with real boredom and the emptiness it provokes, consider whether you might seek new connections and more significant challenges. These are the things that will genuinely relieve boredom and make you more effective in the process.
- A.It facilitates innovative thinking.
- B.It is a result of doing boring tasks.
- C.It helps people connect with others.
- D.It does harm to one's mental health.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位首段研究结论 → 识别‘linked to innovative thinking’同义替换 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：研究发现了关于无聊的什么？ 正确项：它促进创新思维。
- A.A need to be left alone.
- B.A desire to be fulfilled.
- C.A conflict to be resolved.
- D.A feeling to be validated.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位‘boredom might signal...’及后续解释 → 推断‘need that isn't being met’与‘desire’的同义关系 → 得出答案
考点：推理判断细节定位
译文：题干：作者说无聊可能表明什么？ 正确项：一种渴望被满足。
- A.It may be an obstacle to expanding one's connections.
- B.It may get in the way of enhancing one's social status.
- C.It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community.
- D.It may make people feel that they ought to fit in with the outside world.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位‘social media’相关句 → 识别‘get in the way of building a real sense of belonging’ → 同义替换为‘prevent...developing a genuine sense of community’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：我们从文章中了解到关于社交媒体的什么？ 正确项：它可能阻碍人们发展真正的归属感。
- A.Count the likes they get on their posts.
- B.Reflect on how they relate to others.
- C.Engage in real-life interactions.
- D.Participate in online discussions.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位‘get rid of boredom’同义表达‘relieve boredom’ → 识别建议‘seek new connections and more significant challenges’ → 推断‘real-life interactions’为具体方式 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位推理判断
译文：题干：作者建议人们做什么来摆脱无聊？ 正确项：参与现实生活中的互动。
- A.Try to do something original.
- B.Confront significant challenges.
- C.Define boredom in their unique way.
- D.Devote themselves to a worthy cause.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位‘enhance their sense of meaning’同义表达‘increase your sense of meaning’ → 识别建议‘find a cause you can support with your time and talent’ → 同义替换为‘devote themselves to a worthy cause’ → 得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：人们应该做什么来增强他们的意义感？ 正确项：投身于一项有价值的事业。
Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you've noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk? Most people will have a feeling that they've missed something out. We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. We found reliable evidence that people were drastically under-reporting what they ate. Now the Office for National Statistics has confirmed that we are consuming 50% more calories than our national statistics claim. Why is this happening? We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember. Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to lose weight has been increasing over time. People who want to lose weight are more likely to under-report their eating—regardless of whether they are overweight or not. This may be driven partly by self-deception or "wishful thinking". The final potential cause is an increase in snacking and eating out over recent decades—both in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. Again, there is evidence that food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys. So, what's the message conveyed? For statistics, we should invest in more accurate measurement options. For policy, we need to focus on options that make it easy for people to eat fewer calories. If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet. Also, we should be looking for new ways to ensure what people eat wouldn't have much impact on their waistlines. If this works, it won't matter if they can't remember what they ate yesterday.
- A.Calorie consumption had fallen drastically over the decades.
- B.Most people surveyed were reluctant to reveal what they ate.
- C.The national statistics did not reflect the actual calorie consumption.
- D.Most people did not include snacks when reporting their calorie intake.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位关键词 '2016' → 识别作者当时的怀疑内容（national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically） → 与选项C（统计数据未反映实际卡路里摄入）进行同义替换
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：作者在2016年怀疑什么？ 正确项C：国家统计数据没有反映实际的卡路里摄入量。
- A.People's calorie intake was far from accurately reported.
- B.The missing out of main meals leads to the habit of snacking.
- C.The nation's obesity level has much to do with calorie intake.
- D.Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位关键词 'Office for National Statistics' → 识别其确认的内容（we are consuming 50% more calories than our national statistics claim） → 与选项A（人们的卡路里摄入量远未被准确报告）进行同义替换
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：国家统计局证实了什么？ 正确项A：人们的卡路里摄入量远未被准确报告。
- A.They usually keep their eating habits a secret.
- B.They overlook the potential causes of obesity.
- C.They cannot help eating more than they should.
- D.They have difficulty recalling what they have eaten.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位关键词 'obese people' → 识别相关描述（Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember） → 与选项D（他们难以回忆自己吃了什么）进行同义替换
考点：细节定位因果推理
译文：题干：从文章中我们了解到关于肥胖人群的什么信息？ 正确项D：他们难以回忆自己吃了什么。
- A.The growing trend of eating out.
- B.The potential causes of snacking.
- C.People's home energy consumption.
- D.People's changing diet over the years.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位关键词 'surveys' 和 'unnoticed' → 识别相关描述（food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys） → 与选项A（外出就餐的日益增长趋势）进行同义替换
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：在关于食物消费的调查中，什么常常被忽视？ 正确项A：外出就餐的日益增长趋势。
- A.Remind people to cut down on snacking.
- B.Make sure people eat non-fattening food.
- C.Ensure people don't miss their main meals.
- D.See that people don't stick to the same diet.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位关键词 'policy' → 识别作者建议（focus on options that make it easy for people to eat fewer calories... ensure what people eat wouldn't have much impact on their waistlines） → 推断出政策应关注提供不易增肥的食物选项 → 与选项B（确保人们吃不易增肥的食物）匹配
考点：推理判断同义替换
译文：题干：作者建议政策制定者如何应对肥胖问题？ 正确项B：确保人们吃不易增肥的食物。
第 5 部分 · 写作1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Do violent video games lead to violence? While a growing body of research suggests such games can make players more aggressive, I believe they do not directly cause real violence; rather, their influence depends on the individual and the surrounding environment. To begin with, exposure to violent scenes may indeed shape behavior. First, children who spend hours shooting and fighting on screen can gradually treat aggression as normal, and some may copy what they see when they lose their temper. However, most players clearly separate games from reality. A well-supervised teenager, for instance, can enjoy an action game after homework and still behave kindly toward classmates, because family guidance and self-control matter far more than the game itself. In conclusion, violent video games alone do not turn ordinary people into violent ones. What truly counts is proper parental supervision and healthy habits. Therefore, rather than simply blaming the games, parents and schools should teach children to play in moderation and to tell fantasy from real life.
第 6 部分 · 汉译英1 题 · 107 分
参考答案与解析
参考译文
Longjing is a kind of green tea produced mainly in Zhejiang Province on the eastern coast of China. Its unique aroma and taste have earned Longjing the title of "China Famous Tea", and it is very popular among the public in China, with an increasing number of people drinking it abroad as well. Longjing tea is usually made by hand, and its price can be extremely high or relatively low, depending on where it grows, when it is picked, and how it is made. In addition, Longjing tea is rich in vitamin C and various other elements beneficial to health. Drinking it regularly helps relieve fatigue and delay aging.
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