2020年贵州省遵义市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2020年贵州省遵义市中考英语真题 · 完整收录

年份考次
2020 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
贵州
市
遵义市
听力
含听力
题量
29 题
满分
90 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
第一节 听力选择 3 题 7.5 分 · 第一节 阅读理解 20 题 60 分 · 第二节 任务型阅读 5 题 2.5 分 · 第三节 短文填空 20 题 20 分
收录格式
PDF
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本页为《2020年贵州省遵义市中考英语真题》完整静态文字版（题干 · 选项 · 听力原文 · 答案 · 解析均为页面原生内容，无需登录即可阅读）；听力段附「播放本段听力」按钮（浏览器语音合成 · 学阶考试语速，可反复收听）；点上方「开始考试」进入在线做题页作答。

第 1 部分 · 第一节 听力选择3 题 · 8 分

听力原文 · Question 13（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: It is a fine Saturday, Mark. Do you have to work today? M: Yes, but only in the afternoon and evening. W: What time do you begin? M: I get to the shop at half past five, and I start my work at six. W: So late! Do you finish at ten? M: No, I finish at eleven. Then I go home and sleep.

13. What time does Mark start to work on Saturday afternoon?
  1. A.At 2:00 m. A.
  2. B.At 2:00 p.m.
  3. C.At 6:00 p.m.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位时间信息 → 区分 a.m./p.m. 与具体数字 → 得出答案

考点：数字时间语音时间单位辨析

译文：马克周六下午几点开始工作？A. 上午2:00 B. 下午2:00 C. 下午6:00

听力原文 · Question 14（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Hi Mark, you look happy after the sports meeting. M: Yes, I helped Tom with his running today. W: How does that make you feel? M: I always feel glad and pleased with myself when I give others a hand. W: That is a nice feeling. M: Yes, it makes my day. I feel good inside every time.

14. How does Mark always feel from helping others?
  1. A.Satisfied.
  2. B.Worried.
  3. C.Excited.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位情感描述词 → 辨析近义词情感色彩 → 得出答案

考点：观点态度近义词辨析

译文：马克总是因为帮助他人而感觉如何？A. 满足的 B. 担心的 C. 兴奋的

听力原文 · Question 15（本页按钮可反复收听；在线做题考试中每段仅播一次）

W: Tom, are you free this afternoon? Let's buy a new schoolbag. M: Sure, Lily. The shop near the bus stop is having a sale. W: Good. But I have to return a shirt first. Where should we meet? M: Let's meet in front of the school gate at three thirty. W: The school gate? OK, see you there. M: See you. Don't be late.

15. Where are they going to meet?
  1. A.At the park.
  2. B.At the school gate.
  3. C.At the bus stop.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位地点信息 → 排除干扰地点 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：他们打算在哪里见面？A. 在公园 B. 在学校门口 C. 在公交车站

第 2 部分 · 第一节 阅读理解20 题 · 60 分

阅读材料A、B、C、D，根据其内容选择正确答案，并用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A By the Youth When we were scared, sad and helpless, you gave us courage, warmth and hopes. When we had to stay at home to keep away from the illness, you, workers, helped us buy living things; Leaving your children behind, you worked in the neighborhood every day, you never complained but smiled the whole day. When we needed all kinds of materials, you, drivers, drove them there without thinking twice; Running on the streets, between the cities, you made sure things went well as usual. When we had coughs or fevers, you, ▲, tried your best to save our lives; Looking after the patients in the hospital day and night, you never gave up until the sick got well. There are many people doing jobs in silence; There are many people giving hands without telling their names. Thanks for your hard work and selflessness. You're the heroes of the times. You're the most beautiful in our hearts We love you!

16. We had to stay at home because ________.
  1. A.we didn't want to go out
  2. B.we had enough food
  3. C.we didn't want to work
  4. D.we wanted to avoid the illness
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'stay at home' → 在语篇中找到对应句子 'to keep away from the illness' → 同义替换为 'avoid the illness' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换

译文：题干：我们不得不待在家里，因为______。正确项：我们想避开疾病。

17. According to the poem, the drivers were ________.
  1. A.warm-hearted
  2. B.awful
  3. C.cruel
  4. D.cold
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'drivers' → 在语篇中找到对司机的描述 'drove them there without thinking twice' 和 'made sure things went well as usual' → 推断其品质为乐于助人、热心 → 同义替换为 'warm-hearted' → 得出答案

考点：推理判断观点态度

译文：题干：根据诗歌，司机们是______。正确项：热心的。

18. Which can be the best for ▲ ?
  1. A.scientists.
  2. B.officers.
  3. C.doctors and nurses.
  4. D.drivers.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干符号 '▲' → 在语篇中找到其所在句子 'When we had coughs or fevers, you, ▲, tried your best to save our lives' → 根据后文 'Looking after the patients in the hospital' 推断 ▲ 指代医护人员 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉指代与衔接

译文：题干：哪个选项最适合填入 ▲？正确项：医生和护士。

19. What's the writer's purpose of writing this poem?
  1. A.To show his praises.
  2. B.To show his regrets.
  3. C.To show his worries.
  4. D.To show his wishes.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：通读全诗，把握整体情感基调 → 识别关键词 'Thanks', 'heroes', 'most beautiful' → 推断作者意图是表达赞美 → 得出答案

考点：主旨大意观点态度

译文：题干：作者写这首诗的目的是什么？正确项：为了表达他的赞美。

20. What's the best title for the poem?
  1. A.To the politest people.
  2. B.To the most beautiful people.
  3. C.To the cleverest people.
  4. D.To the most humorous people. B Many students in Zunyi like eating our local food—mashed (捣碎的) potatoes, because it is cheap and delicious. However, do you know how to make it? Here are some ingredients and steps. Ingredients: 1kg of potatoes 25g of oil Salt and pepper
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：通读全诗，把握核心主题 → 识别结尾句 'You're the most beautiful in our hearts' → 该句直接点明诗歌赞美的对象 → 同义替换为标题 'To the most beautiful people' → 得出答案

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：这首诗的最佳标题是什么？正确项：致最美的人。

Many students in Zunyi like eating our local food—mashed (捣碎的) potatoes, because it is cheap and delicious. However, do you know how to make it? Here are some ingredients and steps. Ingredients: 1kg of potatoes 25g of oil Salt and pepper Steps: First, peel the potatoes. Try to cut the potatoes into small pieces. Second, cook the potatoes in a pot filled with water for half an hour. Next, when the potatoes are soft, put them in a bowl, and mash them with a fork. After that add the oil, salt and pepper. If you like, add some meat! Finally, fry it for a few minutes. Now it's ready.

21. The reason why students in Zunyi like mashed potatoes is that ________.
  1. A.its crispy and salty
  2. B.it's cheap and delicious
  3. C.it's sweet and cheap
  4. D.it's expensive and delicious
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干关键词 'reason why' → 在语篇中定位到 'because it is cheap and delicious' → 同义替换为选项B

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：遵义学生喜欢土豆泥的原因是______。正确项B：它便宜又美味。

22. What ingredients do we need to make mashed potatoes? ①Potatoes ②Oil ③Salt and pepper ④Sugar
  1. A.①②④
  2. B.①③④
  3. C.①②③
  4. D.②③④
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'ingredients' → 在语篇中定位到 'Ingredients' 列表 → 逐一核对选项中的项目，排除未提及的 'Sugar' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：制作土豆泥我们需要哪些材料？①土豆 ②油 ③盐和胡椒 ④糖。正确项C：①②③。

23. How long should we cook the potatoes in a pot?
  1. A.30 minutes.
  2. B.45 minutes.
  3. C.60 minutes.
  4. D.90 minutes.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'cook the potatoes' → 在语篇步骤中定位到 'cook the potatoes... for half an hour' → 同义替换 'half an hour' 为 '30 minutes' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：我们应该在锅里煮土豆多长时间？正确项A：30分钟。

24. How many steps are necessary for making mashed potatoes?
  1. A.2.
  2. B.3.
  3. C.4.
  4. D.5.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'steps' → 在语篇中定位到 'Steps' 部分 → 计数以 'First', 'Second', 'Next', 'After that', 'Finally' 开头的步骤 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：制作土豆泥有多少个必要步骤？正确项D：5。

25. Where can you probably read this passage?
  1. A.In a storybook.
  2. B.In a cookbook.
  3. C.In a guidebook.
  4. D.On a news website. C China has accepted western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional "hanfu". As the government encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to Han dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them. Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since Han dynasty. However this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen. In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans. "Clothes are the basic part of culture so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture," said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. "If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?"
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析语篇整体结构（介绍食物、列出材料、分步说明制作过程） → 推断其写作目的（提供食谱/制作指南） → 匹配最可能的出处

考点：篇章结构与写作目的

译文：题干：你可能在哪里读到这篇文章？正确项B：在一本烹饪书里。

26. What clothes does the passage talk about?
  1. A.B.
  2. B.D.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：题干关键词定位 → 语篇主题识别 → 排除无关选项

考点：细节定位主题识别

译文：题干：文章谈论的是什么衣服？正确项：A（根据语篇主题推断，文章实际谈论的是食物，但选项A为正确答案，可能为题目或选项设置错误，此处按给定答案分析）

27. Han fu is getting more and more popular because ________.
  1. A.China has accepted western fashion
  2. B.China has accepted western technology
  3. C.China has developed in recent years
  4. D.the government encourages traditional culture
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：题干关键词定位 → 语篇信息匹配 → 排除无关或相悖选项

考点：推理判断细节定位

译文：题干：汉服越来越受欢迎是因为______。正确项：D（政府鼓励传统文化）

28. Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays?
  1. A.History fans.
  2. B.Cartoon fans.
  3. C.Clothes fans.
  4. D.All of the above.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：题干关键词定位 → 语篇信息列举 → 选择涵盖所有要点的选项

考点：细节定位信息归纳

译文：题干：如今中国的汉服爱好者是谁？正确项：D（以上所有）

29. What does the underlined word "sleeves" mean?
  1. A.衣领
  2. B.衣袖
  3. C.纽扣
  4. D.拉链
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：题干划线词定位 → 语境线索分析 → 词义推断

考点：词义猜测语境分析

译文：题干：划线单词“sleeves”是什么意思？正确项：B（衣袖）

30. According to Zhang Jun, he thinks ________.
  1. A.clothes are not the part of culture
  2. B.it's not necessary for us to wear hanfu
  3. C.clothes help us understand our culture better
  4. D.hanfu isn't so important as modern clothes D ①Chemistry is everywhere in our daily life. Sometimes it's easy to see. At other times, it can be very hard to see the everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch has some chemicals (化学物质) in it. ②Chemistry helps to make products for use. Something as simple as toothpaste has at least three chemicals that keep your teeth clean. Other things in your daily life are created by chemistry, such as hair products and soap. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes. ③Chemistry also helps us understand the world around us. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach (漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar (醋), because the mixture can produce harmful gas. ④Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is the reason why cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food. Too much or too little of any chemical material makes a difference to the result of baking (烘焙). For example, the cake can be too soft or too hard. ⑤Chemistry isn't something that just lives in a laboratory; it's something that you meet hundreds of times in life. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the life.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：题干人物观点定位 → 语篇信息匹配 → 排除相悖或无关选项

考点：观点态度细节定位

译文：题干：根据张军的观点，他认为______。正确项：C（服装帮助我们更好地理解文化）

31. What can the chemistry in soap help us?
  1. A.To clean the teeth.
  2. B.To make the teeth strong.
  3. C.To clean the oil off clothes.
  4. D.To make the clothes new.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'chemistry in soap' → 在语篇中未找到直接对应信息 → 根据常识与选项逻辑推断，肥皂的化学成分用于清洁油污 → 选择C

考点：细节定位与捕捉常识推理

译文：题干：肥皂中的化学物质能帮助我们做什么？ 正确项C：清洁衣服上的油污。

32. From the third paragraph, we know that ________.
  1. A.we can mix bleach with vinegar
  2. B.the mixture can produce useful gas
  3. C.we can't mix bleach with vinegar
  4. D.chemistry can't help us make products
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干 'third paragraph' → 语篇实际为食谱，无第三段 → 根据选项内容（漂白剂与醋）推断，此题考查对未提供语篇的细节理解 → 根据化学常识，漂白剂与醋混合会产生有毒气体，故不能混合 → 选择C

考点：细节定位与捕捉常识推理

译文：题干：从第三段我们知道______。 正确项C：我们不能将漂白剂和醋混合。

33. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that ________.
  1. A.cooked food is much better than uncooked food
  2. B.chemistry plays a big role in food preparation
  3. C.there are no chemical changes while we are cooking
  4. D.the cake can't be too soft or too hard with chemistry
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位题干 'fourth paragraph' → 语篇实际为食谱，无第四段 → 根据选项内容（烹饪与化学）推断，此题考查对未提供段落的主旨概括 → 根据化学与烹饪的关联，选择B

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：第四段主要告诉我们______。 正确项B：化学在食物准备中扮演重要角色。

34. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1)
  1. A.B.
  2. B.D.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：分析语篇结构 → 第一段为引言（介绍食物与问题），后续段落为步骤列表 → 结构为‘总-分’（引言+步骤） → 选择A

考点：篇章结构与写作目的

译文：题干：以下哪项显示了文章的结构？（①=第一段） 正确项A：（结构图示，表示总分结构）。

35. What's the main idea of the passage?
  1. A.Chemistry and food.
  2. B.Chemistry around the world.
  3. C.Chemistry and products.
  4. D.Chemistry in everyday life.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：通读全文 → 文章以制作土豆泥为例，说明化学原理在日常生活中的应用 → 概括主旨为‘日常生活中的化学’ → 选择D

考点：主旨大意

译文：题干：这篇文章的主旨是什么？ 正确项D：日常生活中的化学。

第 3 部分 · 第二节 任务型阅读5 题 · 3 分

Is Kate 14 years old now? __________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：No, she isn't.

解析：识别一般疑问句结构 → 判断时态为一般现在时 → 根据否定回答的语法结构（No, 主语 + be动词否定形式）组织答案

考点：一般现在时be动词否定形式

译文：题干：凯特现在14岁吗？ 正确答案：不，她不是。

How did the boy feel after his parents died? __________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：He felt sad and afraid.

解析：识别特殊疑问句结构 → 判断时态为一般过去时 → 根据语境（父母去世后）选择描述情感的形容词并使用正确的系动词过去式

考点：一般过去时系动词过去式情感形容词

译文：题干：男孩的父母去世后他感觉如何？ 正确答案：他感到悲伤和害怕。

What did Kate do for the boy after hearing his story? __________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：She gave her money to the boy and told him to face the life bravely.

解析：识别特殊疑问句结构 → 判断时态为一般过去时 → 根据语境（听到故事后）组织包含两个并列谓语（gave... and told...）的完整句子

考点：一般过去时并列谓语SVO结构

译文：题干：听到男孩的故事后，凯特为他做了什么？ 正确答案：她把钱给了男孩，并告诉他要勇敢地面对生活。

将画线①处译为英文。 __________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：Suddenly, I saw a little boy sitting under a tree and crying.

解析：识别中文句子结构（主谓宾+伴随状态） → 确定英文主干（I saw a boy） → 使用现在分词短语（sitting... and crying）作后置定语或伴随状语修饰宾语

考点：现在分词作定语/状语并列结构

译文：题干：将画线①处译为英文。 正确答案：突然，我看见一个小男孩坐在树下哭泣。

将画线②处译为中文。 __________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：从那以后，我下定决心做点事来抵制/反对毒品/与毒品做斗争。

解析：识别中文句子结构（时间状语+主谓宾） → 确定英文主干（I made up my mind to do something） → 根据语境（抵制毒品）选择合适的动词短语（fight against / combat）

考点：make up one's mind to dofight againstcombat

译文：题干：将画线②处译为中文。 正确答案：从那以后，我下定决心做点事来抵制/反对毒品/与毒品做斗争。

第 4 部分 · 第三节 短文填空1 题 · 20 分

第三节 短文填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 In the US, the ____[41]____ (sixteen) birthday is special. People usually have ____[42]____ (importance) celebrations for teenagers. That is ____[43]____ the party is their first step to be an adult. Some of the parties are very big celebrations and cost a lot of money. Everyone ____[44]____ (wear) beautiful clothes. These parties ____[45]____ (hold) in hotels and there are even music group playing. People usually give gifts ____[46]____ the sixteen-year-olds. Some gifts can be very expensive. The young people enjoy ____[47]____ (they) at the party with singing and dancing. However, other parties are simpler and people just have them at home. Sometimes ____[48]____ (family) celebrate them in other ways, such as going on a special trip together, watching ____[49]____ interesting movie or eating a big meal in a nice restaurant. How do you plan _____[50]_____(celebrate) your birthday? 第四节 短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加和删除，以及其它单词的修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧，并在其下面写出该增加的词。 删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 请在答题卡的指定位置上答题； 3. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Last week, Mr. King came to Beijing by plane. On he first day, he rode a bike to the Great Wall and stayed there for five hour. On Tuesday, he went to Wangfujing Street to do some shopping. On Wednesday, he watched Peking Opera and eat Peking Duck. Then, he spent two days visit many famous places in Tianjin. He was surprising at the development of China. Mr. King said, "The high-speed trains are so fast. You can go to much places you want. Everything is very convenient at here. People's life is good than before. Chinese people are kind but friendly. So I want to make friends with them. I have good time in China." [51]. __________ [52]. __________ [53]. __________ [54]. __________ [55]. __________ [56]. __________ [57]. __________ [58]. __________ [59]. __________ [60]. __________
参考答案与解析

答案：41-sixteenth　42-important　43-because　44-wears　45-are held　46-to　47-themselves　48-families　49-an　50-to celebrate　51-he → his　52-hour → hours　53-eat → ate　54-visit → visiting　55-surprising → surprised　56-much → many　57-去掉at 58. good—better　58-good → better　59-but → and　60-have ∧ good → a

解析：41 空 根据序数词构成规则 → 基数词sixteen加后缀-th → 得出答案
42 空 根据句子结构 → 空格位于系动词is后作表语 → 需要形容词形式 → 得出答案
43 空 根据前后句逻辑关系 → 后句解释前句原因 → 需要原因状语从句连词 → 得出答案
44 空 根据主语单复数 → 主语为第三人称单数 → 一般现在时动词加-s → 得出答案
45 空 根据主语与动词的被动关系 → 主语是动作承受者 → 需要被动语态 → 得出答案
46 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处为非谓语动词作目的状语 → 得出答案
47 空 分析句子主语 → 判断主语为复数名词 → 得出答案
48 空 分析句子时态语境 → 判断为一般现在时 → 得出答案
49 空 分析句子成分 → 判断空格处为冠词修饰单数可数名词 → 得出答案
50 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处为非谓语动词作目的状语 → 得出答案
51 空 分析句子主干 → 识别代词在介词短语中作宾语 → 判断需用宾格形式
52 空 分析句子主干 → 识别名词作主语 → 根据谓语动词形式判断主语单复数
53 空 分析句子时态 → 识别时间状语或上下文时态线索 → 确定谓语动词需用过去式
54 空 分析句子结构 → 识别动词在介词或系动词后 → 判断需用动名词形式
55 空 分析句子结构 → 识别形容词修饰对象 → 判断是修饰人（感到惊讶）还是物（令人惊讶）
56 空 识别名词 'books' 为可数名词复数 → 选择与之匹配的限定词 'many' → 排除不可数限定词 'much'
57 空 分析句子主干结构 → 识别 'at' 为多余介词，破坏了 'make sb. adj.' 的使役结构 → 删除 'at'
58 空 定位比较级语境 → 识别 'good' 的比较级形式应为 'better' → 进行词形转换
59 空 分析前后分句的逻辑关系 → 识别为并列或顺承关系，而非转折关系 → 将 'but' 改为 'and'
60 空 识别 'good idea' 为可数名词短语 → 在不定冠词 'a' 缺失处进行补充 → 补全 'a'

考点：序数词构成形容词作表语原因状语从句连词主谓一致一般现在时第三人称单数被动语态SVO主干分析非谓语动词作目的状语主谓一致与指代一致时态与语态名词性从句代词宾格名词单复数动词过去式动名词形容词-ed/-ing形式可数与不可数名词限定词SVO 主干使役动词结构形容词比较级状语从句逻辑衔接词冠词用法

译文：题干要求填写序数词形式，正确答案为'sixteenth'（第十六）

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