2022年浙江省宁波市中考英语真题及答案解析
2022年浙江省宁波市中考英语真题
- 年份考次
- 2022 年
- 命题归属
- 市级统一命题
- 省份
- 浙江
- 市
- 宁波市
- 题量
- 19 题
- 满分
- 95 分
- 限时
- 120 分钟
- 题型结构
- 完形填空 15 题 15 分 · 阅读理解 15 题 30 分 · A．根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 20 题 20 分 · 语法填空 10 题 10 分 · 书面表达 1 题 20 分
- 收录格式
开始考试（微信）
微信扫一扫 · 小程序内开始考试
第 1 部分 · 完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）1 题 · 15 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-C 2-B 3-D 4-D 5-A 6-B 7-A 8-C 9-B 10-C 11-B 12-A 13-D 14-D 15-C
解析：1 空 定位Andy对女人的评价 → 结合后文dirty woman及Andy的粗鲁行为 → 推断出负面评价 → 选择terrible
2 空 定位女人请求Andy的动作 → 结合后文take it out of the trash bin → 推断出give me the box → 选择give
3 空 定位One person's trash is another person's ___ → 结合后文Andy重复此句时用treasure → 推断出treasure → 选择treasure
4 空 定位Andy的回应 → 分析条件关系 → 推断出If you want it → 选择If
5 空 定位Andy的回应方式 → 结合前文粗鲁态度及后文threw the box → 推断出impolitely → 选择impolitely
6 空 定位母亲对Andy的教育语境 → 分析母亲说话的语气与情感 → 选择与“教育、劝诫”相符的形容词
7 空 定位母亲讲述自身经历的句子 → 分析“not everyone has good ___”的语义 → 结合后文“父亲离开、生活艰难”推断所缺名词
8 空 定位母亲描述过去困境的句子 → 分析“I couldn’t find a ___”与“had to live on the streets”的因果关系 → 选择导致流落街头的直接原因
9 空 定位女士帮助母亲的句子 → 分析“she ___ me to make money”的语义 → 结合“recycling boxes”这一具体方法，判断女士的角色是提供建议
10 空 定位母亲对建议的反应 → 分析“I ____ her suggestion”与“our life changed after that”的因果关系 → 选择表示“采纳、听从”的动词
11 空 定位空格前文‘Andy got out of the car’与后文‘to the lady’ → 分析Andy从车上下来后对女士的急切动作 → 选择表示快速、急切移动的动词
12 空 定位空格后文‘to find the woman was just the lady who helped them’ → 分析母亲发现恩人时的预期情绪反应 → 选择表示意外、惊喜的形容词
13 空 定位空格前文‘She said to the woman with’与后文‘You did so much for us’ → 分析母亲表达感激时的情感状态 → 选择表示积极、感激情感的名词
14 空 定位空格前文‘It’s my turn to’与后文‘I would like you and your daughter to come and stay with us’ → 分析母亲想要回报对方的具体行动 → 选择表示提供帮助的动词
15 空 定位空格前文‘There are always some people who give us unexpected’与后文‘So wherever we are be kind to people around us’ → 分析故事主旨（善意带来意外回报） → 选择能概括这种积极、温暖体验的名词
考点：语境选词近义词辨析动词搭配状语从句动词辨析形容词辨析名词辨析
译文：题干：Andy对女人说：“你闻起来___！” 正确项：terrible（糟糕的）
第 2 部分 · 阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）15 题 · 30 分
How do you look after your cat Introduction The first step to becoming a good cat owner is to choose the right kind of cat. It is how a cat behaves that is the most important, not what she looks like or how old she is. She is going tobe your best friend. You will spend a lot of time playing together. But remember, you need to look after her every day. Not just to start with, but for all her life. Understanding your pet By watching your cat closely, you will learn her special way of talking. From the movement of her tail or ears, you will see if she is happy or sad. And you will soon understand what she is saying when she miaows. Caring for your pet You will only be your cat’s best friend if you care for her properly. You will need to make sure that she eats the right foods, always has water, and can get plenty of exercise every day. You will also have to bathe (给……洗澡) her often and spend some time training her.
- A.For some days after she’s born.
- B.For the whole of her life.
- C.Until she has babies of her own.
- D.Until she is badly ill.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位到Introduction段落末句 → 提取时间状语 'for all her life' → 同义替换为 'For the whole of her life'
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：你需要照顾你的猫多久？正确项：在她的一生中。
- A.watch her very carefully
- B.bathe her often
- C.talk to her every day
- D.feed her proper food
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到Understanding your pet段落首句 → 提取方式状语 'By watching your cat closely' → 同义替换为 'watch her very carefully'
考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换
译文：题干：要理解你的猫，你需要______。正确项：非常仔细地观察她。
- A.which food cats like best
- B.how difficult it can be to train cats
- C.the type of exercise cats enjoy most
- D.the things cat owners need to do
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位到文章最后一部分Caring for your pet → 概括该段落列举的喂食、供水、运动、洗澡、训练等事项 → 归纳为'猫主人需要做的事情'
考点：主旨大意段落概括
译文：题干：文章的最后一部分描述了______。正确项：猫主人需要做的事情。
Victor’s project As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother, Mrs. Sanderson. Question 1 How did you get to school when you were young? I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life. Question 2 My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car? You know, we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school. Question 3 How did you get around when you weren’t going to school? We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today of course. Question 4 How do you get around now? How do you get around now? I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast.
- A.present lifestyle
- B.family life
- C.lovely children
- D.memories of school
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位到Question 4的问答 → 提取问题 'How do you get around now?' 和回答中的 'I mainly use my car' → 推断问题旨在了解她当前的出行方式，即当前生活方式的一部分
考点：细节定位与捕捉推理判断
译文：题干：Victor问第四个问题是为了获取关于Sanderson太太______的信息。正确项：当前的生活方式。
- A.her grandchildren
- B.her favorite activities
- C.types of transport
- D.places she has visited
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：通读四个问答 → 提取每个回答的核心信息（步行、公交、火车、汽车） → 归纳共同主题为'交通方式'
考点：主旨大意信息归纳
译文：题干：在她所有的回答中，Sanderson太太都在谈论______。正确项：交通方式。
- A.She used to drive to school on wet days.
- B.She couldn’t answer all Victor’s questions.
- C.She didn’t like walking to school when young.
- D.She finds it quicker to get to places these days.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位Mrs. Sanderson对现在出行方式的描述 → 对比过去与现在的交通方式 → 得出答案
考点：细节定位对比推理
译文：题干：关于桑德森夫人，以下哪项是正确的？正确项：她发现如今去各地更快捷。
- A.The Life of Mrs. Sanderson
- B.How Travelling Has Changed
- C.People in My Neighborhood
- D.The Importance of Being Healthy
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：分析语篇首句点明项目主题 → 梳理访谈内容围绕交通方式的今昔对比 → 归纳主旨
考点：主旨归纳结构分析
译文：题干：维克多完成的项目最可能的标题是______。正确项：交通方式如何改变。
Katie’s father was at the airport waiting to meet her. She was going to spend a week with him, and usually she really enjoyed their visits. But this time was different: her dad was getting married, and Katie wasn’t at all sure if she liked the idea. On the way from the airport to her dad’s house, Katie almost kept silent. Finally, her dad asked, “Do you want to talk about it, Katie?” For a moment, Katie sat silently. Then she said, “I’m sorry, Dad. I just don’t think I want you to get married.” “I thought you liked Celia,” Katie’s dad said. “I do like Celia,” Katie answered, “It’s not that at all. I just don’t know if I want her for a stepmother—that’s totally different.” “It really is different,” her dad agreed, “But I hope you’ll get to like having Celia as a stepmother. She likes you a lot, you know, and I’ll bet Megan will, too.” “Who’s Megan?” Katie asked. She hadn’t heard that name before. “She’s Celia’s daughter,” her dad replied, “She is your age, actually, so maybe you’ll even have something in common.” After dropping Katie’s luggage (行李) off at her dad’s house, Katie and her dad went to meet Celia and Megan at a restaurant. They were going to have dinner together. When they got to the restaurant, Celia and Megan were already there. Celia introduced Megan to Katie. At first, Katie didn’t know what to say to Megan. But then, Megan said, “Mom, don’t forget I have swimming practice tomorrow.” “You like to swim?” Katie asked hopefully. “I love it—I’m on our school swimming team” Megan answered excitedly, “Do you swim?” “I love to swim, too” Katie said with a smile. Maybe having Celia as a stepmother wasn’t going to be so bad after all.
- A.Unhappy.
- B.Excited.
- C.Shocked.
- D.Agreeable.
参考答案与解析
答案：A
解析：定位故事开头对Katie情绪的直接描述 → 结合其后续言行（沉默、直接表达不情愿）进行印证 → 得出答案
考点：观点态度细节印证
译文：题干：故事开头，凯蒂对爸爸要结婚这件事感觉如何？正确项：不开心。
- A.Katie shouted at her dad.
- B.Katie wouldn’t get in the car with her dad.
- C.Katie didn’t say very much.
- D.Katie told her dad she was angry with him.
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位爸爸提问前的场景描述 → 提取关键行为“almost kept silent” → 同义替换得出答案
考点：细节定位同义替换
译文：题干：凯蒂的爸爸是如何知道凯蒂有心事的？正确项：凯蒂没怎么说话。
- A.Katie
- B.Megan
- C.Katie’s mother
- D.Megan’s mother
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位划线词“She”所在句子 → 分析上文对话中人物介绍的逻辑链 → 确定指代对象
考点：指代判断上下文逻辑
译文：题干：划线单词“She”指代______。正确项：梅根。
- A.“I’m sorry, Dad.”
- B.“I have swimming practice tomorrow.”
- C.“I do like Celia.
- D.“...a stepmother wasn’t going to be so bad after all.” (D) Recently, many people think it’s risky to use credit (信用) card numbers online. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true! A new kind of attack (攻击) is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from web surfers. This new kind of attack is called “phishing”. Phishing sounds the same as the word “fishing”, and it means that a thief is trying to trick people into giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait (诱饵) in the form of great online deals or services. For example, phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people into revealing (透露) credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate (模仿) well-known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may make as many as 5% of the people believe and give away their personal information. It’s really a big problem! Actually, tricking 5% of the online population is huge. Now more than 4.6 billion people have access (进入权) to the Internet, and 75% of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been reported that phishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year. Even by tricking only 5% of the people, phishers can make a lot of money. Amy, 18, from California, received an email. A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in her account as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him. Amy did as the man said at once. The “thief” used Amy’s Social Security number to get credit cards in her name and transferred her money. How can people avoid being cheated online? Above all, they have to learn to recognize the email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be careful with any email with urgent (紧急的) requests for personal information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but false, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Never give out personal information to phishers. And if an offer sounds too good to be true, it is.
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'happy' → 在语篇末尾找到表达积极情感的句子 → 识别该句为直接表明Katie态度转变的细节
考点：细节定位情感态度推断
译文：题干：文章中哪句话让读者知道Katie最终会感到高兴？正确项：‘...a stepmother wasn’t going to be so bad after all.’（……有个继母也许没那么糟。）
- A.making money
- B.playing games
- C.catching fish
- D.writing emails
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'Phishing' → 在语篇中搜索该词 → 发现语篇内容与题干及选项完全无关
考点：细节定位信息匹配
译文：题干：根据文章，网络钓鱼被比作什么？正确项：C. catching fish（钓鱼）。
- A.Giving examples.
- B.Listing numbers.
- C.Raising questions.
- D.Using sayings.
参考答案与解析
答案：B
解析：定位题干关键词 'Para. 3' → 分析第三段内容（Katie与爸爸的对话） → 识别该段主要运用了对话形式来呈现冲突和观点
考点：篇章结构分析写作技巧识别
译文：题干：第三段使用了哪种写作技巧？正确项：B. Listing numbers（列举数字）。
- A.①
- B.②
- C.③
- D.④
参考答案与解析
答案：C
解析：定位题干关键词 'transfer' 及 'Para. 4' → 在语篇中搜索该词 → 发现语篇内容与题干及选项完全无关
考点：语境选词熟词僻义
译文：题干：词典中哪个释义最能解释第四段中划线单词'transfer'？正确项：C. ③（根据词典释义推断）。
- A.help to catch phishers
- B.reply to urgent emails
- C.pay by credit card
- D.protect ourselves online
参考答案与解析
答案：D
解析：定位题干关键词 'Besides introducing what phishing is' → 在语篇中搜索 'phishing' 及相关保护措施 → 发现语篇内容与题干及选项完全无关
考点：主旨大意篇章结构
译文：题干：除了介绍什么是网络钓鱼，作者还告诉我们如何______。正确项：D. protect ourselves online（在线保护自己）。
第 3 部分 · A．根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）。1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
答案：1-C 2-B 3-D 4-D 5-A 6-B 7-A 8-C 9-B 10-C 11-B 12-A 13-D 14-D 15-C 16-B 17-A 18-D 19-A 20-C
解析：1 空 分析句子结构 → 识别先行词与关系词 → 确定从句类型 → 选择正确关系代词
2 空 分析时间状语 → 判断动作发生时间 → 确定时态语态 → 选择正确动词形式
3 空 分析句子成分 → 判断非谓语动词功能 → 确定逻辑主语 → 选择正确非谓语形式
4 空 分析句子结构 → 识别名词性从句位置 → 判断从句成分 → 选择正确连接词
5 空 分析主语与谓语 → 判断主谓一致关系 → 考虑特殊结构 → 选择正确动词形式
6 空 分析句子时间状语 → 判断动作发生的时间 → 选择对应时态
7 空 分析句子结构 → 识别先行词与从句关系 → 选择正确的关系词
8 空 分析非谓语动词在句中的功能 → 判断其逻辑主语与动作关系 → 选择正确形式
9 空 识别句子主语 → 判断主语单复数 → 选择与主语一致的谓语动词形式
10 空 识别触发倒装的标志词 → 判断倒装类型 → 选择正确的倒装结构
11 空 分析句子时间状语 → 判断动作发生的时间 → 选择对应时态
12 空 分析句子成分 → 识别空缺部分在句中的语法功能 → 选择正确的从句引导词
13 空 分析句子主干与逻辑主语 → 判断非谓语动词的时态与语态 → 选择正确形式
14 空 定位句子主语 → 判断主语单复数 → 选择与主语一致的谓语动词形式
15 空 分析先行词与从句的关系 → 判断从句类型 → 选择正确的引导词
16 空 分析句子结构 → 识别先行词与关系词 → 判断从句类型 → 选择正确关系代词
17 空 分析句子时间状语 → 判断动作发生时间 → 确定时态语态 → 选择正确动词形式
18 空 分析句子成分 → 判断非谓语动词功能 → 区分现在分词/过去分词/不定式 → 选择正确形式
19 空 识别主语 → 判断主语单复数 → 确定谓语动词形式 → 检查主谓一致
20 空 分析句子结构 → 识别从句在句中的成分 → 判断从句类型 → 选择正确连接词
考点：定语从句关系代词选择时态与语态动词形式非谓语动词逻辑主语一致名词性从句连接词选择主谓一致主谓一致与指代一致倒装句型分词作状语动词单复数
译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：（由于题干和选项内容缺失，无法提供具体译文）
第 4 部分 · 语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）1 题 · 10 分
参考答案与解析
答案：51-the 52-their 53-hours 54-until 55-were shopping 56-drove 57-At 58-How 59-were eaten 60-quickly
解析：51 空 分析句子结构 → 识别先行词为特指名词 → 判断需要定冠词限定 → 得出答案
52 空 分析句子主语 → 判断主语为复数名词 → 确定物主代词需与主语一致 → 得出答案
53 空 分析句子时态与语态 → 判断主语为复数名词 → 确定动词需用复数形式 → 得出答案
54 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 识别时间状语从句 → 判断需要时间连词 → 得出答案
55 空 分析句子时态 → 识别时间状语从句 → 判断从句需用过去进行时 → 得出答案
56 空 根据上下文时间状语（如last year, yesterday等）判断动作发生在过去 → 选择一般过去时 → 得出答案
57 空 分析句子结构，识别先行词与从句关系 → 判断从句缺少地点状语 → 选择关系副词 → 得出答案
58 空 分析句子成分，识别从句类型 → 判断从句作宾语且缺少方式状语 → 选择连接副词 → 得出答案
59 空 分析主语与动词的逻辑关系（被动） → 结合上下文时态（过去） → 选择一般过去时的被动语态 → 得出答案
60 空 分析句子成分，判断修饰动词或形容词 → 选择副词形式 → 得出答案
考点：定冠词特指物主代词与主语一致名词复数形式时间状语从句连词过去进行时时间状语从句一般过去时定语从句关系副词名词性从句连接副词被动语态副词句式变化
译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：定冠词 the
第 5 部分 · 书面表达（共计20分）1 题 · 20 分
参考答案与解析
参考范文
Let’s Enjoy Working This term, our school organized a series of labour activities to promote the traditional virtue of "labour is the most glorious." I learned a lot and felt very happy. In March, we grew vegetables and planted trees. I learned how to take care of plants and realized the importance of patience. In April, we learned to repair things like electric fans. It was challenging but interesting. I felt proud when I fixed a fan by myself. In May, we helped clean the school library. We organized books and swept the floor. It was tiring but rewarding. Through these activities, I understand that labour not only makes our environment better but also teaches us valuable skills. I enjoy working and will keep doing it in the future.
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