2023年甘肃省兰州市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2023年甘肃省兰州市中考英语真题

年份考次
2023 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
甘肃
市
兰州市
题量
32 题
满分
88 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
完形填空 10 题 10 分 · 阅读理解 14 题 28 分 · 任务型完形填空 10 题 15 分 · 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面的小题。 5 题 10 分 · 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 10 题 10 分 · 书面表达 1 题 15 分
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第 1 部分 · 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）1 题 · 10 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 I told my parents that I wanted to visit my grandparents alone. I didn’t see them for a long time and I [1] them a lot. Although my parents agreed, they were [2] worried about my safety. So they told me something that would happen on the way [3] my grandparents’ and encouraged me to solve the problems by myself. When the [4] came, my parents came to the train station to see me off. While we were waiting for the train, my father gave me a letter. He told me I could read it if I felt afraid on the way. With the train moving slowly, I said [5] to them. I looked out of the window and saw green farms and beautiful villages along the way. And I was very [6] . At one station, a tall and heavy man got on the train and sat next to me. I got a little nervous. Suddenly, I [7] what my father gave me and told me at the station. I opened the letter. It said, “Never be afraid. I’m together with you in this train.” Seeing this, I began to feel relaxed. I tried to speak with the man and he talked with me so [8] . We both felt quite happy all the way. In our life, there are many times when we need to do something [9]. We needn’t be afraid because our parents are always with us. Remember we should try [10] best to solve all the problems by ourselves.
1. A.missedB.helpedC.thankedD.understood
2. A.hardlyB.stillC.seldomD.never
3. A.atB.forC.withD.to
4. A.dayB.weekC.monthD.year
5. A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.no
6. A.sadB.happyC.boredD.upset
7. A.borrowedB.refusedC.rememberedD.forgot
8. A.kindlyB.angrilyC.clearlyD.shyly
9. A.slowlyB.carefullyC.quietlyD.alone
10. A.myB.hisC.ourD.their
参考答案与解析

答案：1-A　2-B　3-D　4-A　5-C　6-B　7-C　8-A　9-D　10-C

解析：1 空 根据前文‘长时间未见’的语境 → 推断情感动词 → 选择表示‘思念’的动词
2 空 根据‘虽然同意’的转折关系 → 推断父母仍有的情绪状态 → 选择表示‘仍然’的副词
3 空 根据‘on the way’的固定搭配 → 选择正确的介词 → 构成‘on the way to’表示‘在去…的路上’
4 空 根据‘父母来车站送行’的语境 → 推断时间名词 → 选择表示‘日子/当天’的词
5 空 根据‘火车开动、父母送行’的语境 → 推断告别的言语 → 选择表示‘再见’的词
6 空 定位空格前句「saw green farms and beautiful villages」→ 推断作者看到美景后的情绪 → 选择与积极情绪匹配的形容词
7 空 定位空格后句「what my father gave me and told me at the station」→ 结合后文「I opened the letter」→ 推断作者是「想起」父亲给的信
8 空 定位空格后句「We both felt quite happy all the way」→ 推断交谈氛围是积极友好的 → 选择描述交谈方式的副词
9 空 定位空格后句「We needn’t be afraid because our parents are always with us」→ 结合全文主旨「独自旅行」→ 推断此处指「独自」做事
10 空 定位空格所在句「Remember we should try ____10____ best」→ 分析主语「we」→ 根据主谓一致与指代一致原则，选择对应的物主代词

考点：语境选词近义词辨析固定搭配介词搭配情感逻辑动作逻辑主旨呼应主谓一致指代一致

译文：我告诉父母我想独自去看望祖父母。我很久没见他们了，我非常想念他们。

第 2 部分 · 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）14 题 · 28 分

What people eat and how they eat are different from place to place. For example, in Lanzhou, people usually have beef noodles for breakfast while cheese sandwiches are very popular in London. Here are the recipes(烹饪法) of making them. You can have a try if you like! Food: beef noodles Ingredients(食材): beef, noodles, beef soup, mooli(白萝卜), garlic leek (蒜苗) and red chili oil Steps: First, wash beef and boil it for about 1-2 hours. Next, wash mooli and garlic leek, and cut them into pieces. Then, make beef soup very hot, and put mooli pieces into it. After that, cook noodles then put them into a bowl. Finally, spoon beef soup over the noodles, then add beef, garlic leek pieces and red chili oil. Tips: You may add an egg or some vegetables as you like while eating. Food: cheese sandwiches Ingredients: bread pieces, butter, cheese, tomatoes, onions, lettuce(生菜) Steps: First, put some butter on a piece of bread. Next, cut up a tomato and an onion, and put them on a sandwich. Then, put some cheese on the sandwich. After that, put some lettuce on the cheese. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. Tips: You may add meat or vegetables as you like in a sandwich.

11. How many recipes are talked about in the passage?
  1. A.One.
  2. B.Two.
  3. C.Three.
  4. D.Four.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位语篇中明确列出的食谱标题 → 识别出‘Food: beef noodles’和‘Food: cheese sandwiches’两个独立部分 → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：文章中讨论了多少种食谱？正确项：两种。

12. When do people usually have beef noodles in Lanzhou according to the passage?
  1. A.In the morning.
  2. B.In the afternoon.
  3. C.In the evening.
  4. D.At night.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位语篇中关于兰州牛肉面的描述 → 识别出‘for breakfast’这一时间信息 → 同义替换为‘in the morning’ → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义替换

译文：题干：根据文章，兰州人通常什么时候吃牛肉面？正确项：在早上。

13. When noodles are cooked, ________.
  1. A.make beef soup really hot
  2. B.put them into a bowl
  3. C.boil them for about 1-2 hours
  4. D.cut garlic leek into pieces
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位牛肉面制作步骤中‘cook noodles’所在的步骤 → 识别其后续动作‘then put them into a bowl’ → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉步骤顺序

译文：题干：面条煮好后，______。正确项：把它们放进碗里。

14. Firstly, you can put some ________ on a piece of bread when making a cheese sandwich.
  1. A.tomatoes
  2. B.onions
  3. C.butter
  4. D.lettuce
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位奶酪三明治制作步骤中‘First’所在的步骤 → 识别其动作‘put some butter on a piece of bread’ → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：首先，在制作奶酪三明治时，你可以在一片面包上放一些______。正确项：黄油。

16. Where was Ya Ya born？
  1. A.In the Beijing Zoo.
  2. B.In the Shanghai Zoo.
  3. C.In the Memphis Zoo.
  4. D.In the Tennessee Zoo.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'Ya Ya born' → 在语篇中未找到相关信息 → 判定为信息缺失题，需结合常识或外部知识

考点：细节定位信息缺失判断

译文：题干：丫丫出生在哪里？正确项：在北京动物园。

17. When did Ya Ya come back to China?
  1. A.In 2003.
  2. B.In 2006.
  3. C.In 2014.
  4. D.In 2023.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'Ya Ya come back to China' → 在语篇中未找到相关信息 → 判定为信息缺失题，需结合常识或外部知识

考点：细节定位信息缺失判断

译文：题干：丫丫什么时候回到中国？正确项：在2023年。

18. The Beijing Zoo has prepared something special for Ya Ya except ________. A feeding plans
  1. A.a feeding place
  2. B.a research and protection plan
  3. C.care and medical support
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 'Beijing Zoo has prepared something special for Ya Ya except' → 在语篇中未找到相关信息 → 判定为信息缺失题，需结合常识或外部知识

考点：细节定位信息缺失判断否定细节

译文：题干：北京动物园为丫丫准备了特别的东西，除了______。正确项：研究和保护计划。

19. People are not allowed to visit Ya Ya because ________.
  1. A.she is taken to the Memphis Zoo
  2. B.she is quarantined in the Shanghai Zoo
  3. C.her health condition becomes better
  4. D.she needs to rest and adapt to the new environment
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 'People are not allowed to visit Ya Ya because' → 在语篇中未找到相关信息 → 判定为信息缺失题，需结合常识或外部知识

考点：细节定位信息缺失判断因果推理

译文：题干：人们不被允许探望丫丫是因为______。正确项：她需要休息并适应新环境。

20. Where can you most probably read the article?
  1. A.In a newspaper.
  2. B.In a movie poster.
  3. C.In a travel guide.
  4. D.In a sports magazine. C There is a great need to search for clean and renewable(可再生的) energy to meet our needs. It seems that wind energy is a good choice. Do you know anything about wind energy? The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource. No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never reduce the supply(供应) of wind. This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil. Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What’s more, the large towers,which provide the base for the wind turbines(涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space. They can share land with farms. However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages. Wind does not provide supply of energy without stopping. Even the windiest places on earth have periods of calm. If there isn’t a strong wind, wind turbines are not able to produce electricity. The large blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous for birds and bats. The turbines cause noise pollution. It can also be bad to people living around. Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn’t be forgotten.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：分析语篇整体内容（介绍食物烹饪法）与结构（食谱格式）→ 推断其最可能的出处 → 匹配选项

考点：篇章结构写作目的推断语篇类型识别

译文：题干：你最可能在哪里读到这篇文章？正确项：在报纸上。

21. People search for ________ to meet their needs according to the passage.
  1. A.electricity
  2. B.coal and oil
  3. C.non-renewable energy
  4. D.clean and renewable energy
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：定位题干关键词 → 在语篇中寻找对应信息 → 识别同义替换

考点：细节定位与捕捉同义改写

译文：根据文章，人们寻找______来满足他们的需求。正确答案：清洁和可再生能源。

22. How many advantages of wind energy are talked about in the passage?
  1. A.One
  2. B.Two.
  3. C.Three
  4. D.Four
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位题干关键词 → 在语篇中寻找对应信息 → 计数并匹配选项

考点：细节定位与捕捉数字信息

译文：文章中讨论了风能的多少个优点？正确答案：三个。

23. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 2?
  1. A.The large towers.
  2. B.Wind turbines
  3. C.Energy resources.
  4. D.Renewable resources
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位划线词 → 分析其在句中的语法功能与指代对象 → 在上下文中寻找最近的复数名词

考点：指代与衔接代词指代

译文：第二段中划线单词“They”指代什么？正确答案：那些高大的塔。

24. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
  1. A.Wind energy also has some disadvantages
  2. B.Wind can't provide energy without stopping
  3. C.The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous
  4. D.The turbines cause noise pollution while working
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位第三段 → 概括段落核心内容 → 匹配选项主旨

考点：主旨大意段落概括

译文：第三段的主旨是什么？正确答案：风能也有一些缺点。

25. According to the passage, we know that ________.
  1. A.wind energy is a non-renewable resource
  2. B.the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable
  3. C.the windiest areas never have periods of clam
  4. D.wind turbines can't be dangerous for birds and bats
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：通读全文 → 综合各段信息 → 推断出符合文意的结论

考点：推理判断综合推断

译文：根据文章，我们知道______。正确答案：风能最大的优点是可再生。

第 3 部分 · 任务型完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

任务型完形填空

阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） strong places avoid easily world wear down so follow lead A new study shows that 1 billion young people are at risk for hearing loss（损失）. Because music, movies, phones and concerts have a ____[26]____ influence on it. It’s common for young people to listen to something too loud for a long time. Maybe it’s time to turn ____[27]____ the volume（音量）. The World Health Organization（WHO）says that millions of people around the ____[28]____ have serious hearing loss, especially young people. Because they overuse listening devices （设备）.For example, too much use of earphones among them increases hearing loss. It may ____[29]____ to tinnitus （耳鸣）for a while or long time. Besides, they often visit ____[30]____ with loud music. It is reported that there are about 0.67 to 1.35 billion young people joining in unsafe listening activities, ____[31]____ they are also at risk for listening loss. The earlier they are in noise environment, the more ____[32]____ they will have hearing problems. As hearing loss is becoming worse and worse hearing and understanding others is getting more difficult. What should you do? To prevent hearing loss, you’d better ____[33]____ the advice： Keep the volume at a safe level. Reduce the time of ____[34]____ earphones. ____[35]____ staying in loud spaces for a long time. Increase the distance between you and the source of the noise.
参考答案与解析

答案：26-strong　27-down　28-world　29-lead　30-places　31-so　32-easily　33-follow　34-wearing　35-Avoid

解析：26 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词前作定语 → 选择形容词形式
27 空 识别固定搭配 take on → 确定介词/副词 → 选择正确搭配成分
28 空 分析语境 → 判断空格处需要表示范围的名词 → 选择符合语境的词
29 空 分析句子成分 → 判断空格在名词前作定语 → 选择动词原形或现在分词
30 空 分析主语单复数 → 判断谓语动词形式 → 选择正确名词形式
31 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 判断前后句为因果关系 → 选择表示结果的连词
32 空 分析句子成分 → 判断空格处需要副词修饰动词 → 根据语境选择表示程度或方式的副词
33 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处为非谓语动词作定语或状语 → 根据逻辑主语和动作关系选择正确形式
34 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处为非谓语动词作定语或状语 → 根据逻辑主语和动作关系选择正确形式
35 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格处为句子的谓语动词 → 根据主语和语境选择正确的动词形式

考点：非谓语动词作定语形容词修饰名词动词搭配 take on固定搭配语境选词名词辨析动词形式选择主谓一致名词单复数状语从句因果逻辑连词副词修饰动词非谓语动词动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词现在分词SVO主干祈使句

译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：一个强大的（strong）经济

第 4 部分 · 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面的小题。5 题 · 10 分

How did the woman feel when she entered the room and saw the foods on the table? ________________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：She felt surprised.

解析：定位描述女人进入房间后反应的句子 → 提取关键情感词 'surprise' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：当女人走进房间看到桌上的食物时，她感觉如何？ 正确答案：她感到惊讶。

请结合文意，在文中找出一个形容词填入①处，使上下文通顺、连贯。 _______________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：delicious

解析：定位①处所在句子及上下文 → 分析女孩通过想象让简单食物变得美味的逻辑 → 选择与 'tasty' 和 'delicious' 语义一致的形容词

考点：词义猜测语境选词

译文：题干：请结合文意，在文中找出一个形容词填入①处，使上下文通顺、连贯。 正确答案：delicious

In the woman’s opinion, the key to happiness is from ______________.
参考答案与解析

答案：people's heart

解析：定位表达 'key to happiness' 的句子 → 提取其来源 'people’s heart' → 得出答案

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：在女人看来，幸福的关键来自______________。 正确答案：people’s heart

请将②处划线句子翻译成中文。 ______________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：她还了解到，积极的态度创造美好的生活，而消极的态度则浪费生活。

解析：识别句子主干 'She learned that...' → 分析并列宾语从句结构 → 准确翻译 'while' 引导的对比状语从句

考点：句式变化与复杂句构建状语从句

译文：题干：请将②处划线句子翻译成中文。 正确答案：她也了解到积极的态度创造美好的生活，然而，消极的态度浪费人生。

What do you think of the two girls? ______________________________________
参考答案与解析

答案：They are optimistic and happy. (Or: They have a positive attitude towards life.)

解析：综合女孩们在贫困中通过想象创造快乐的行为 → 推断其对生活的态度 → 与文章主旨 'active attitude' 对应

考点：推理判断观点态度

译文：题干：你认为这两个女孩怎么样？ 正确答案：她们对生活持积极态度。

第 5 部分 · 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。10 题 · 10 分

It’s polite to ________ (say) thank you when someone helps you.
参考答案与解析

答案：say

解析：识别固定句型 It's polite to do sth. → to 后接动词原形 → 得出答案

考点：It's + adj. + to do sth. 句型

译文：当有人帮助你时，说声谢谢是礼貌的。

There isn’t ________ (some) milk in the fridge now. Why not buy some online?
参考答案与解析

答案：any

解析：识别否定句 There isn't... → 否定句中 some 变为 any → 得出答案

考点：some 与 any 在否定句中的用法

译文：现在冰箱里没有牛奶了。为什么不网上买一些呢？

He usually ________ (prefer) reading books which tell traditional Chinese stories.
参考答案与解析

答案：prefers

解析：识别频率副词 usually → 判断为一般现在时 → 主语 He 为第三人称单数 → 动词加 s → 得出答案

考点：一般现在时主谓一致

译文：他通常更喜欢���读讲述中国传统故事的书。

The Great Wall is the ________ (long) wall in the world.
参考答案与解析

答案：longest

解析：识别最高级标志词 the...in the world → long 变为最高级 longest → 得出答案

考点：形容词最高级构成

译文：长城是世界上最长的墙。

Look, two teams are ________ (play) basketball on the playground.
参考答案与解析

答案：playing

解析：识别 Look 提示正在进行的动作 → are 后接现在分词构成现在进行时 → 得出答案

考点：现在进行时非谓语动词

译文：看，两个队正在操场上打篮球。

—Excuse me, could you please tell me where I can get some food ________ (quick)? —Sure, there is a restaurant on Center Street.
参考答案与解析

答案：quickly

解析：分析句子结构 → 修饰动词短语 'get some food' → 需要副词形式 → 选择 quickly

考点：副词修饰动词词性转换

译文：—打扰一下，请问您能告诉我哪里可以快速买到食物吗？—当然，中心街有一家餐馆。

We had a school trip last month and I ________ (enjoy) every minute of it.
参考答案与解析

答案：enjoyed

解析：定位时间状语 'last month' → 判断时态为一般过去时 → 动词用过去式 enjoyed

考点：一般过去时时间状语判断

译文：上个月我们进行了一次学校旅行，我享受了其中的每一分钟。

Please do some ________ (chore) in your free time.
参考答案与解析

答案：chores

解析：分析句子结构 → 'do some' 后接可数名词复数 → chore 变为复数 chores

考点：可数名词复数some 后接名词规则

译文：请在空闲时间做一些家务。

This piece of music is so beautiful that I’d like to listen to it a ________ (two) time
参考答案与解析

答案：second

解析：理解固定表达 'a second time' → 表示 '再一次' → 选择序数词 second

考点：固定表达序数词用法

译文：这首曲子太美了，我想再听一遍。

No matter how many difficulties we meet, we believe all problems will be ________ (solve).
参考答案与解析

答案：solved

解析：分析句子结构 → 'will be' 后接动词 → 主语 'problems' 与动词 'solve' 为被动关系 → 用过去分词 solved 构成被动语态

考点：被动语态一般将来时被动

译文：无论我们遇到多少困难，我们都相信所有问题都会被解决。

第 6 部分 · 书面表达（满分15分）1 题 · 15 分

51. 现如今外出旅游备受欢迎，但在旅游中我们也时常会看到一些不文明行为。某英文报旅游专栏正以“Traveling in Good Manners”为题，向广大学生征稿，倡导大家文明旅游。假设你是李华，请结合表格内的信息，用英文写一篇短文去投稿。 Impolite behaviors Opinions Advice throw rubbish everywhere impolite ... put ... into dustbins ... pick flowers in a park ... put up signs .. speak loudly in public places .. make rules ... 内容包括： 1. 简述表格中的不文明行为（任选其中两个）； 2. 提出个人观点及建议； 3. 倡导文明旅游。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实的人名、地名等信息； 4. 文章标题和开头己给出，请抄写在答题卡的相应位置（不计入总词数）。 提示词：tourist attractions（景区） Traveling in Good Manners Nowadays traveling is getting more and more popular._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn’t be forgotten. 21. People search for ________ to meet their needs according to the passage. A. electricity B. coal and oil C. non-renewable energy D. clean and renewable energy 22. How many advantages of wind energy are talked about in the passage? A. One B. Two. C. Three D. Four 23. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 2? A. The large towers. B. Wind turbines C. Energy resources. D. Renewable resources 24. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Wind energy also has some disadvantages B. Wind can't provide energy without stopping C. The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous D. The turbines cause noise pollution while working 25. According to the passage, we know that ________. A. wind energy is a non-renewable resource B. the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable C. the windiest areas never have periods of clam D. wind turbines can't be dangerous for birds and bats 【

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