2023年湖南省中考英语真题及答案解析

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2023年湖南省中考英语真题

年份考次
2023 年
命题归属
省级统一命题
省份
湖南
题量
8 题
满分
40 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
阅读下面的短文，从答问题完成句子。 5 题 10 分 · A）词汇运用。 5 题 5 分 · B）综合填空。 10 题 10 分 · D）书面表达。 1 题 15 分
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第 1 部分 · 阅读下面的短文，从答问题完成句子。5 题 · 10 分

The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province. The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug 9, 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue. Since it was put into use, the Dolphin 1 has saved several people’s lives in Zhuhai’s Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America, Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations.

31. The underlined word “intelligent” in the first paragraph means “________” in Chinese.
  1. A.智能的
  2. B.时尚的
  3. C.勤奋的
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：根据语境线索（水下救援机器人、自主开发、遥控操作）推断词义 → 选择与科技、功能相关的选项

考点：语境选词词义推断

译文：题干：第一段中划线单词“intelligent”的中文意思是“________”。正确项A：智能的。

32. How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens?
  1. A.One to four people.
  2. B.One to three people.
  3. C.One to two people.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位关键句（only one to two people are required to operate） → 提取具体数字信息 → 匹配选项

考点：细节定位数字信息捕捉

译文：题干：如果发生事故，只需要多少人来操作机器人进行快速救援？正确项C：一到两个人。

33. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
  1. A.Advantages of the water rescue robot.
  2. B.Research of the water rescue robot.
  3. C.Opinions on the water rescue robot.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：分析第二段结构（总起句“The Dolphin 1 has many advantages” + 分述具体优势） → 归纳段落主旨

考点：主旨大意段落结构分析

译文：题干：第二段主要讲了什么？正确项A：水下救援机器人的优势。

34. Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks?
  1. A.In Hunan and Jiangxi.
  2. B.In Jiangxi and Henan.
  3. C.In Hunan and Henan.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位关键句（It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces） → 提取地点信息 → 匹配选项

考点：细节定位地点信息捕捉

译文：题干：水下救援机器人已在哪些地方的救援任务中投入使用？正确项B：在江西和河南。

35. Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from?
  1. A.Travel.
  2. B.Science.
  3. C.Culture. Ⅱ.写作技能（四个部分，共21小题，计40分）
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析文章整体内容（介绍一种科技产品及其应用） → 推断其可能的报纸版面归属

考点：篇章结构写作目的推断

译文：题干：这篇文章可能来自报纸的哪个版面？正确项B：科技版。

第 2 部分 · A）词汇运用。（共5小题，计5分）1 题 · 5 分

A）词汇运用。

根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。 My sister finished high school two weeks ago. As a special g___[36]___, our parents took us to India. Last weekend was interesting but scary. We went camping in a small village in India. First, we took a long bus ride to a lake in the countryside. There we ___[37]___ up (搭起) our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. On the first night, we just sat u___[38]___ the moon and told each other stories. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we found a big snake sleeping near the fire. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger. My dad started to jump up and down in their tent. This woke the snake up and it moved into the ___[39]___ (森林) near the lake. My dad told me later that snakes don’t have ears but can feel things moving. He also told me it was important not to go near a snake. This was a very ___[40]___ (有用的) lesson for me.
参考答案与解析

答案：36-gift　37-put　38-under　39-forest　40-useful

解析：36 空 根据固定搭配 take on a new role/identity，确定空格处应填入表示‘身份’的名词
37 空 分析句子结构，空格处作目的状语，需用不定式 to do 表示‘为了放置’
38 空 根据语境‘在树下’，确定介词 under 符合空间位置关系
39 空 根据语境‘一片茂密的______’，确定名词 forest 符合自然景观描述
40 空 根据词根 use（使用）加形容词后缀 -ful，构成表示‘有用的’形容词

考点：动词搭配 take on非谓语动词语境选词词根词缀

译文：题干：她决定承担一个全新的______。正确答案：gift（礼物/天赋）

第 3 部分 · B）综合填空。（共10小题，计10分）1 题 · 10 分

B）综合填空。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is ___[41]___ (real) cool! But we didn’t know what we should do ___[42]___ the old one. Then I ___[43]___ (see) an advertisement (广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them. ___[44]___ far Tech- Help has donated (捐赠) ___[45]___ (many) than 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Last year they gave smart TV sets to poor families. ___[46]___ is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech-Help. Yesterday, my brother ___[47]___ I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two ___[48]___ (hour) later, Tech-Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better. Right now, Tech-Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about [50] families on the ___[49]___ (wait) list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I’m ____50____ (excite) we could do something to help others!
参考答案与解析

答案：41-really　42-with　43-saw　44-So　45-more　46-It　47-and　48-hours　49-waiting　50-excited

解析：41 空 分析句子结构，判断空格处需要副词修饰形容词或动词 → 识别正确副词形式 → 得出答案
42 空 分析句子结构，判断空格处需要介词与动词构成固定搭配 → 识别正确介词 → 得出答案
43 空 分析句子时态语境，判断空格处需要动词的过去式 → 识别正确动词形式 → 得出答案
44 空 分析句子逻辑关系，判断空格处需要连接词表示因果关系 → 识别正确连接词 → 得出答案
45 空 分析句子结构，判断空格处需要比较级形式 → 识别正确比较级 → 得出答案
46 空 分析句子结构 → 识别主语从句 → 选择形式主语It
47 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 识别并列结构 → 选择并列连词and
48 空 分析句子时态与主谓一致 → 识别主语为复数 → 选择名词复数形式
49 空 分析句子成分 → 识别非谓语动词作状语 → 选择现在分词形式
50 空 分析句子语境与词性 → 识别系动词后接形容词 → 选择-ed形容词

考点：副词修饰功能词性判断动词搭配介词选择时态判断动词过去式状语从句逻辑连接词比较级形容词变化形式主语It主语从句并列连词句子连接名词复数主谓一致非谓语动词现在分词作状语形容词作表语-ed形容词表示状态

译文：题干与正确项的中文译文：really（真正地）

第 4 部分 · D）书面表达。（计15分）1 题 · 15 分

56. 假如你是李强，你校即将举办的“活动周”有四个项目。请你根据下面表格的信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍你想参加的活动内容并说明其理由。 Project A Sports Day A Volunteer Day A School Trip Day A Talent Show Day Activities ·play basketball ·run ·…… ·visit the old people’s home ·clean up Nanhu Park ·…… ·visit Hengyang Museum ·go to the countryside ·…… ·sing a song ·draw ·…… Reasons ·keep healthy ·feel relaxed ·…… ·care for the old ·protect the environment ·…… ·learn a lot ·be close to nature ·…… ·improve myself ·take up a hobby ·…… 要求： （1）根据上面表格中的信息，选择至少两个方面的内容行文，需适当发挥； （2）文中不出现真实的校名和人名等； （3）字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，条理清楚；（4）词数不少于80。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 15 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Hello, I'm Li Qiang. Our school will have an Activity Week soon. There are four projects: Sports Day, Volunteer Day, School Trip Day, and Talent Show Day. I want to join two of them. First, I'd like to take part in Sports Day. I can play basketball and run with my friends. I think it's a good way to keep healthy and feel relaxed after studying hard. Second, I'm interested in Volunteer Day. We can visit the old people's home and clean up Nanhu Park. It's important to care for the old and protect our environment. I believe I can learn a lot from this experience. I'm looking forward to the Activity Week. It will be fun and meaningful!

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