2021年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题及答案解析

中考英语真题 · 在线做题

2021年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题

年份考次
2021 年
命题归属
市级统一命题
省份
江苏
市
扬州市
题量
46 题
满分
106 分
限时
120 分钟
题型结构
单项选择 15 题 15 分 · 完形填空 15 题 15 分 · 阅读理解 13 题 26 分 · 词汇运用 10 题 10 分 · 任务型阅读 20 题 10 分 · A．句子翻译 5 题 10 分 · B．写作 1 题 20 分
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第 1 部分 · 单项选择（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）15 题 · 15 分

1. As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
  1. A.the; a
  2. B.a; the
  3. C.a; a
  4. D.the; the
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析句子主语与表语的泛指关系 → 判断冠词用法 → 得出答案

考点：不定冠词泛指一类人不定冠词泛指一个榜样

译文：作为一名老师，为学生树立一个好榜样是很重要的。

2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue? — ________. I like green.
  1. A.Either
  2. B.Both
  3. C.Neither
  4. D.None
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析答句中‘I like green’的转折含义 → 推断对前文选项的否定态度 → 选择表示两者都不的代词

考点：不定代词 either/both/neither/none 的语义辨析语境逻辑推理

译文：—你喜欢哪种颜色，红色还是蓝色？—都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。

3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
  1. A.on
  2. B.in
  3. C.at
  4. D.to
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别题干中的具体日期 → 匹配介词与具体日期的搭配规则 → 得出答案

考点：介词 on 与具体日期的搭配

译文：中国首个火星车‘祝融号’于2021年5月15日降落在红色星球上。

4. I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _______ you are!
  1. A.loyal
  2. B.creative
  3. C.helpful
  4. D.organized
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析前句‘made the life-like cat out of paper’所描述的行为 → 推断该行为体现的品质 → 选择最匹配的形容词

考点：语境选词形容词词义辨析

译文：我真不敢相信你用纸做出了这只栩栩如生的猫。你真有创造力！

5. —________ do you play basketball with your friends? — Only once a week.
  1. A.How long
  2. B.How much
  3. C.How soon
  4. D.How often
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：分析答句‘Only once a week’所表示的频率 → 匹配询问频率的疑问词组 → 得出答案

考点：疑问词组 how often 与频率的对应关系

译文：—你多久和朋友打一次篮球？—一周一次。

6. —Have you watched the film Gulliver’s Travels? —Yes, I ________ it during the Spring Festival. What about you?
  1. A.watch
  2. B.watched
  3. C.will watch
  4. D.have watched
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位时间状语 'during the Spring Festival' → 判断为过去特定时间段 → 选择一般过去时

考点：一般过去时时间状语

译文：—你看过电影《格列佛游记》吗？—看过，我在春节期间看了它。你呢？

7. We ________ see which way to go if the stars do not twinkle（闪耀）so.
  1. A.can not
  2. B.should not
  3. C.must not
  4. D.need not
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：识别 'if the stars do not twinkle so' 为与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 → 主句需用 'would/could/might + 动词原形' → 选项中 'can not' 对应 'could not' 的省略形式

考点：虚拟语气与现在事实相反

译文：如果星星不这样闪烁，我们就看不出该走哪条路了。

8. — How did you come to Baoying? — By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
  1. A.spent
  2. B.paid
  3. C.lost
  4. D.took
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：识别句型 'It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.' → 区分 spend/pay/lose/take 的主语和搭配 → 选择 'took'

考点：固定句型动词辨析

译文：—你是怎么来宝应的？—坐高铁。我只花了28分钟就到这里了。

9. In many countries, people put their fingers up to their mouths ________ silence.
  1. A.ask for
  2. B.asking for
  3. C.to ask for
  4. D.asked for
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析句子结构 'people put their fingers up to their mouths ________ silence' → 判断空格处为非谓语动词作目的状语 → 选择 'to ask for'

考点：非谓语动词目的状语

译文：在许多国家，人们把手指放在嘴边以要求安静。

10. — We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it — It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
  1. A.situation
  2. B.direction
  3. C.instruction
  4. D.competition
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位关键词 'good in a bad ________' → 结合语境 'make full use of what comes' → 判断为 'situation'（处境）

考点：语境选词名词辨析

译文：—在糟糕的处境中，如果我们去寻找，总能找到好的一面。—确实如此。让我们充分利用所发生的一切。

11. He said that he would pass the exam and this ________ to be true.
  1. A.turned out
  2. B.put out
  3. C.broke out
  4. D.tried out
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：根据句意“他说他会通过考试，结果______是真的”，结合固定搭配 turn out to be (结果是，证明是) → 选择 A

考点：turn out to beput outbreak outtry out

译文：他说他会通过考试，结果证明这是真的。

12. ________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
  1. A.Until
  2. B.If
  3. C.Although
  4. D.Whether
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析句子逻辑关系：前半句“我们总是等待另一天”是条件，后半句“我们的生命将徒劳地流逝”是结果 → 选择表示条件的 If

考点：IfUntilAlthoughWhether

译文：如果我们总是等待另一天，我们的生命将徒劳地流逝。

13. — Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu? — Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
  1. A.were expected
  2. B.will expect
  3. C.are expecting
  4. D.are expected
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：分析语境：老师对学生说“你们被期望阅读…” → 主语 you 与动词 expect 构成被动关系 → 选择被动语态 are expected

考点：are expectedwere expectedwill expectare expecting

译文：— 下周我们必须读什么吗，吴老师？ — 当然，你们被期望阅读《黑骏马》第58到85页。

14. —By the way, could you tell us ________? —From the Internet.
  1. A.why are you interested in our company
  2. B.why you are interested in our company
  3. C.where did you hear about our company
  4. D.where you heard about our company
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：分析宾语从句结构：could you tell us 后接宾语从句 → 从句需用陈述语序 → 根据答语 From the Internet 判断问的是“在哪里听说” → 选择 where you heard

考点：where you heardwhy are youwhy you arewhere did you

译文：— 顺便问一下，你能告诉我们你是在哪里听说我们公司的吗？ — 从网上。

15. — Are your parents against your leaving home to work in Shanghai? —________. They say there are more chances in big cities.
  1. A.Don’t mention it
  2. B.Of course not
  3. C.That’s all right
  4. D.With pleasure
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：分析对话逻辑：问句问父母是否反对 → 答语后半句说大城市机会多（支持理由）→ 推断父母不反对 → 选择 Of course not

考点：Of course notDon't mention itThat's all rightWith pleasure

译文：— 你父母反对你离开家去上海工作吗？ — 当然不反对。他们说大城市机会更多。

第 2 部分 · 完形填空（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）1 题 · 15 分

从每空所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 One Saturday afternoon, Amy found Meg and Jo getting well dressed. They were going to the theater with Laurie. She wanted to come. “I can’t take you, dear, because you aren’t [16],” began Meg, but Jo cut in [17] “You can’t go, Amy. Laurie invited only Meg and me.” Amy cried, “You’ll be [18] this, Jo March.” While Jo and Meg were at the theater, Amy [19] Jo’s book of writings. Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire. That night, Mother asked Jo to forgive（原谅）her sister, but Jo [20]. The next day, Jo went to the river with Laurie to skate on the ice. Amy followed them. Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not [21] Amy. He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river. The ice there was [22]. Jo heard him, but Amy did not. Something turned Jo round. She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry. The ice [23]. Jo tried to call Laurie, but her [24] was gone. She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no [25] in them. Laurie’s voice cried out, “Bring a rail（横杆）, Jo. Quick, quick!” She never knew [26] she did it, but for the next few minutes she worked, blindly obeying Laurie. Together they got the child out. Amy was more scared than [27]. When Mother had put Amy to bed, Jo whispered, “Are you sure she is [28] . Quite safe, dear. She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold,” replied her mother cheerfully. “Mother, I had kept my anger [29] it grew so strong. Today, without [30], it might have been too late. Oh, Mother, what shall I do?” “Anger can make us do very bad things to people we love. We must learn to control our anger,” said Mrs March. Jo looked at Amy in her bed and gave her a big kiss. —Taken from Little Women [28] A. asleep B. alive C. safe D. generous
16. A.invitedB.hiredC.trainedD.interviewed
17. A.curiouslyB.politelyC.impatientlyD.uncertainly
18. A.tired ofB.confident ofC.famous forD.sorry for
19. A.burned upB.got upC.put upD.set up
20. A.regrettedB.refusedC.agreedD.cheered
21. A.holdB.hearC.treatD.see
22. A.thinB.strongC.dirtyD.narrow
23. A.brokeB.frozeC.shookD.gathered
24. A.soundB.pronunciationC.voiceD.courage
25. A.energyB.strengthC.challengeD.noise
26. A.whateverB.whenC.whereD.how
27. A.worriedB.hurtC.trappedD.bored
28. A.asleepB.aliveC.safeD.generous
29. A.afterB.unlessC.becauseD.till
30. A.AmyB.MegC.LaurieD.you
参考答案与解析

答案：16-A　17-C　18-D　19-A　20-B　21-D　22-A　23-A　24-C　25-B　26-D　27-B　28-C　29-D　30-C

解析：16 空 定位空格前 'because you aren't' → 根据后文 'Laurie invited only Meg and me' 推断 → 得出答案
17 空 定位空格前 'Jo cut in' → 根据后文 Jo 直接拒绝 Amy 的强硬态度 → 推断副词 → 得出答案
18 空 定位空格前 'You'll be ___ this, Jo March' → 根据 Amy 被拒绝后的愤怒情绪 → 推断固定搭配 → 得出答案
19 空 定位空格后 'Jo's loving work... was gone in the fire' → 根据火灾结果推断 Amy 的行为 → 得出答案
20 空 定位空格前 'Mother asked Jo to forgive her sister, but Jo' → 根据转折词 'but' 和后文 Jo 仍生气的态度 → 推断 → 得出答案
21 空 定位转折连词But → 分析Laurie与Jo对Amy的不同态度 → 推断Laurie未察觉Amy跟随 → 选择表示“察觉”的动词
22 空 定位警告内容（stay away from the middle） → 推断冰层状态与危险性 → 选择描述冰层物理特性的形容词
23 空 定位事件（Amy落水） → 推断冰层发生的物理变化 → 选择表示“破裂”的动词
24 空 定位Jo的反应（tried to call Laurie） → 分析“声音消失”的语境 → 辨析表示“声音”的近义词
25 空 定位Jo的反应（tried to rush forward） → 分析“双脚无力”的语境 → 辨析表示“力量”的近义词
26 空 分析从句结构 → 判断从句在句中作宾语 → 根据从句语义（她如何做到的）选择连接词
27 空 定位关键句 → 分析上下文逻辑（落水后状态） → 根据‘more scared than...’结构选择最符合语境的形容词
28 空 定位母亲回答 → 分析回答内容（安全、未受伤） → 选择与‘safe’同义且符合语境的形容词
29 空 分析从句逻辑关系 → 判断‘愤怒持续到变得强烈’的时间关系 → 选择表示‘直到’的连词
30 空 定位前文对话 → 分析‘without...’结构指代对象 → 根据上下文（劳里警告）确定指代人物

考点：语境选词动词搭配固定搭配熟词僻义近义词辨析名词性从句连接词选择形容词辨析同义替换状语从句连词辨析指代与衔接上下文逻辑

译文：题干：‘我不能带你去，亲爱的，因为你没有被___。’ 正确项：被邀请的

第 3 部分 · 阅读理解（共 15 小题;每小题2分, 计 30 分）13 题 · 26 分

Is it possible to have a diet（日常饮食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions. Does what I eat influence climate（气候）change? Yes. The world’s food system is responsible for（为……负责）about one quarter of the planet—warming greenhouse gases that humans produce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat, as well as processing, packaging, and shipping food to markets all over the world. Which foods have the largest influence? In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate footprint per gram of protein while plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence. Pork, chicken, eggs are somewhere in the middle. Is there a simple food choice I can make? Studies have shown that people who eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat. Can I really make a difference to our planet? We need more food to feed the world’s growing population. One person alone can make only a tiny difference. If many people make changes to their diets, that will start to add up. It will make a greater difference if the world’s heaviest meat eaters make some changes to their diets.

31. According to the passage, which foods have the smallest influence on our planet?
  1. A.Beef and lamb.
  2. B.Rice and corn.
  3. C.Chicken and pork.
  4. D.Beans and beef.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位问题关键词 'smallest influence' → 在语篇中定位到 'Which foods have the largest influence?' 段落 → 识别并列结构 'while plant-based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence' → 匹配选项 B 'Rice and corn'。

考点：细节定位并列结构识别

译文：题干：根据文章，哪些食物对我们的星球影响最小？正确项：B. 大米和玉米。

32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
  1. A.One person alone makes no difference to our planet.
  2. B.Shipping food a lover the world has no influence on climate change.
  3. C.All the planet—warming greenhouse gases come from the food system.
  4. D.Meat eaters can reduce their food—related footprint by eating less meat.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：逐一验证选项与原文信息的一致性 → A 与 'One person alone can make only a tiny difference' 相悖 → B 与 'processing, packaging, and shipping food' 是温室气体来源之一相悖 → C 与 'about one quarter' 相悖 → D 与 'people who eat a meat-heavy diet can reduce their food-related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet' 同义替换。

考点：细节比对同义替换

译文：题干：根据文章，以下哪项是正确的？正确项：D. 肉食者可以通过吃……来减少他们与食物相关的足迹。

33. What is the best title for the passage?
  1. A.How to produce more meat
  2. B.How to make more plant—based foods
  3. C.How to eat better for the planet
  4. D.How to ask eco—friendly food questions B Roberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large house in London. Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons. These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life, but they did not know how happy till the pretty life in the large house was over. Peter had a toy engine and it broke. After dinner, Peter showed Father the engine. Father looked it over and promised to do it on Saturday. At that moment two men came to see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s voice came out from the study, loud and angry. More time passed. Then Mother came in and said, “Father’s been called away— on business.”
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：通读全文，识别文章以问答形式展开 → 核心话题围绕 'eco-friendly food questions' → 概括各段落主旨（饮食影响气候、不同食物影响、个人选择） → 匹配选项 C 'How to eat better for the planet'。

考点：主旨概括文章结构识别

译文：题干：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？正确项：C. 如何为地球吃得更好。

Roberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large house in London. Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons. These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life, but they did not know how happy till the pretty life in the large house was over. Peter had a toy engine and it broke. After dinner, Peter showed Father the engine. Father looked it over and promised to do it on Saturday. At that moment two men came to see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s voice came out from the study, loud and angry. More time passed. Then Mother came in and said, “Father’s been called away— on business.” A week after their father went away, their mother said, “Now, we’re going to move to the country. A pretty little white house, called Three Chimneys. ” The family started packing: clothes, plates, candles and also tables and chairs. “We seem to be taking all the ugly things,” said Roberta. “We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother. “We’ve got to play at being poor for a bit.” Peter said joyously, “I do like moving! I wish we moved once a month.” Mother laughed and said, “I don’t like moving!” As she turned away, Roberta saw her face. She never forgot it. “Oh, Mother,” she whispered, “how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that! ” Then they took a train to Three Chimneys. No one knew how long they had been in the train when Mother woke them up. They stood in the cold night air on the dark platform. At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children. — Taken from The Railway Children

34. The family packed things like plates and candles because Mother thought they were ________.
  1. A.useful
  2. B.new
  3. C.expensive
  4. D.beautiful
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位题干关键词 'packed things like plates and candles' → 在语篇中定位到相关对话 → 识别母亲的话 'We’re taking the useful ones' → 匹配选项 A 'useful'。

考点：细节定位直接引语理解

译文：题干：这家人打包了盘子和蜡烛之类的东西，因为母亲认为它们是______。正确项：A. 有用的。

35. Which of the following questions is answered in this passage?
  1. A.How did Peter’s toy engine break?
  2. B.When would the children’s father be home?
  3. C.What was the family like before Father was away?
  4. D.What was the family’s life like in Three Chimneys?
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：逐一验证选项问题是否在文中得到回答 → A 未提及引擎如何损坏 → B 未提及父亲何时回家 → C 文章开头描述了家庭在父亲离开前的生活 → D 未描述在 Three Chimneys 的生活。

考点：细节比对信息完整性判断

译文：题干：以下哪个问题在本文中得到了回答？正确项：C. 父亲离开前，这家人是什么样的？

37. What can we infer（推断）from the underlined sentences in the last paragraph?
  1. A.The children don’t like their life in London.
  2. B.The station has nothing to do with the family’s future life.
  3. C.Something is going to happen to the children later in the story.
  4. D.Parents can better deal with life changes than their children. C As a mountain, 1,642-foot Squaw Peak isn’t that impressive. But its views attract many hikers（远足者）. Henry Grant, a college student at Ithaca College, was one of them. While waiting for his mother one day in August, 2019, Grant watched other hikers enjoy the view. One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（悬崖）with her husband. When Grant’s mother rejoined him, the two continued on their way. Suddenly, he heard something scaring: “Paula! Paula!” a man shouted crazily. Grant turned around quickly. ________ Several hikers immediately started looking for her, but their view was screened by trees. Uncertain they could help, Grant and his mother headed down the trail. But when he saw some hikers still searching, he decided to lend a hand. After promising his mother that he would be safe, he went on alone.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：定位划线句 → 分析其在篇章中的功能 → 推断言外之意

考点：推理判断

译文：题干：从最后一段划线句中我们可以推断出什么？正确项C：孩子们以后在故事中会发生一些事情。

As a mountain, 1,642-foot Squaw Peak isn’t that impressive. But its views attract many hikers（远足者）. Henry Grant, a college student at Ithaca College, was one of them. While waiting for his mother one day in August, 2019, Grant watched other hikers enjoy the view. One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（悬崖）with her husband. When Grant’s mother rejoined him, the two continued on their way. Suddenly, he heard something scaring: “Paula! Paula!” a man shouted crazily. Grant turned around quickly. ________ Several hikers immediately started looking for her, but their view was screened by trees. Uncertain they could help, Grant and his mother headed down the trail. But when he saw some hikers still searching, he decided to lend a hand. After promising his mother that he would be safe, he went on alone. After 15 minutes of climbing over large rocks, pushing past bushes, and slipping（滑） down loose earth, Grant found a pink figure. The woman had fallen about 75 feet. Luckily, she was alive. “Paula! Paula!” Grant shouted. The woman didn’t reply. She was badly hurt. Grant called the police to report her location. She kept trying to move, and every time she moved, she slipped a little more. Afraid that in her unclear state of mind she might fall off the rock to her death, Grant climbed on all fours up a tight, narrow path by digging into the earth with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula. Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions: “Where are you from? Do you have kids?” Soon, they were joined on their perch（歇脚处）by another hiker named Simon. About 45 minutes later, first rescuers（救援者）arrived. Paula and her husband were flown to a hospital. Five hours after the woman in pink had fallen, Grant was back on top of Squaw Peak.

38. Which sentence should go in the empty line in Paragraph 3?
  1. A.He ran as fast as possible to save Paula.
  2. B.His mother turned around at the same time.
  3. C.The woman in pink was nowhere to be seen.
  4. D.Other hikers were scared by the terrible shout.
参考答案与解析

答案：C

解析：分析上下文逻辑 → 识别事件发展顺序 → 选择衔接最紧密的句子

考点：篇章结构与写作目的逻辑衔接词

译文：题干：以下哪句话应该放在第3段的空白处？正确项C：穿粉色衣服的女人不见了。

39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
  1. A.Grant had no difficulty in reaching Paula.
  2. B.Simon and Grant’s mother joined in saving Paula.
  3. C.Paula and her husband were both badly wounded and saved.
  4. D.Grant asked Paula questions to keep her mind off the pain.
参考答案与解析

答案：D

解析：逐一核对选项细节 → 与原文信息匹配 → 确定正确项

考点：细节定位与捕捉

译文：题干：根据文章，以下哪项是正确的？正确项D：Grant问Paula问题是为了让她转移对疼痛的注意力。

40. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refers to（指的是）________.
  1. A.first rescuers
  2. B.Paula and Grant
  3. C.Grant and his mother
  4. D.Paula and her husband
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位代词they → 分析其指代对象 → 结合上下文确认

考点：指代与衔接

译文：题干：第7段中划线的单词“they”指的是________。正确项B：Paula和Grant。

41. What does the passage mainly talk about?
  1. A.How a woman fell 75 feet from a mountain cliff.
  2. B.How a young man tried his best to save a stranger.
  3. C.How a woman managed to survive a terrible accident.
  4. D.How a young man made a decision in face of danger. D Ever wondered why your virtual（虚拟的）home helper doesn't understand your questions? Or why your navigation app took you on the side street instead of the highway? In a study published April 21st in the journal iScience, Italian researchers, Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella, designed a robot that “thinks out loud”. To explore how inner speech might influence a robot’s actions, the researchers built a robot called Pepper that speaks to itself. It has the ability to reason and think. They then asked people to set the dinner table with Pepper according to etiquette（礼仪）rules. In one experiment, the user asked Pepper to lay the napkin at the wrong place, going against the rules. Pepper started asking itself a series of self-directed questions and concluded that the user might be mistaken. To be sure, Pepper confirmed the user’s order, which led to further inner speech. “Ehm, this situation troubles me. I would never break the rules, but I can’t make the user unhappy, so I’m doing what he wants,” Pepper said to itself, laying the napkin where it was required to be. Through Pepper’s inner voice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situation and solved it by prioritizing the user’s order. Comparing Pepper’s actions with and without inner speech, Pipitone and Chella discovered the robot had a higher task-completion rate when having self-dialogue. However, some people find the robot spends more time completing tasks when it talks to itself. The robot’s inner speech is also limited to the knowledge that researchers gave it. Pepper’s designers still say their work provides a framework（构架）to further explore how self-dialogue can help robots focus, plan, and learn. “In some ways, we are creating a generational（世代的）robot that likes to chat. From navigation apps and the camera on your phone to medical robots in the operation rooms, machines and computers alike can take advantage of this chatty feature,” says Chella.
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：通读全文 → 概括核心事件（Grant发现并救助坠崖陌生人Paula） → 匹配主旨选项

考点：主旨大意概括

译文：题干：这篇文章主要讲了什么？正确项：一个年轻人如何尽力拯救一个陌生人。

42. Why does the writer ask two questions at the very beginning of the passage?
  1. A.To draw the reader’s attention to the topic.
  2. B.To show the writer likes electronic products.
  3. C.To tell the reader about the history of robots.
  4. D.To prove the writer often faces trouble in life.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：定位首段开头 → 分析设问句功能 → 判断其对全文的引出作用

考点：篇章结构与写作目的

译文：题干：作者为什么在文章开头问两个问题？正确项：为了吸引读者对主题的注意。

44. What does the underlined word “prioritizing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
  1. A.repeating
  2. B.dealing with… first
  3. C.going against
  4. D.complaining about
参考答案与解析

答案：B

解析：定位划线词所在句 → 分析上下文逻辑（处理任务的顺序） → 推断词义

考点：词义猜测

译文：题干：第3段中划线单词“prioritizing”是什么意思？正确项：首先处理……

45. What can we infer from the passage?
  1. A.The designers are proud of their work about Pepper.
  2. B.Pepper has already been in use in the operation rooms.
  3. C.Pepper’s inner speech depends on its user’s communication skills.
  4. D.With or without inner speech, Pepper could complete a task equally well.
参考答案与解析

答案：A

解析：通读全文 → 综合人物言行与事件结果 → 推断作者或文中人物的态度

考点：推理判断

译文：题干：从文章中我们可以推断出什么？正确项：设计师们为他们关于Pepper的工作感到自豪。

第 4 部分 · 词汇运用（共 10 小题;每小题1分, 计10 分）10 题 · 10 分

My parents and I had a _______ journey to Hainan. (wonder)
参考答案与解析

答案：wonderful

解析：识别词根wonder → 添加形容词后缀-ful → 构成wonderful修饰journey

考点：词根词缀形容词后缀

译文：我和父母去海南进行了一次______的旅程。

The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my ______ room. (son).
参考答案与解析

答案：son's

解析：识别名词所有格结构 → son为有生命名词 → 添加's构成所有格

考点：名词所有格有生命名词所有格

译文：带有卡通图案的壁纸非常适合我______的房间。

The next morning he got up ______ than before to practise football. (early) .
参考答案与解析

答案：earlier

解析：识别比较结构than → early需变为比较级earlier → 修饰动词got up

考点：比较级副词比较级

译文：第二天早上他起床比以前______去练习足球。

For a long time in history, people depended _______ on horses to trade goods. (great)
参考答案与解析

答案：greatly

解析：识别动词depend → 需要副词修饰 → great添加后缀-ly构成greatly

考点：词根词缀副词构成

译文：在历史上很长一段时间里，人们______依赖马来交易货物。

Zhang Ruoxu, a Tang Dynasty poet, is widely _______ for his poem A Moonlit Night on the Spring River. (know)
参考答案与解析

答案：known

解析：识别固定搭配be known for → 被动语态结构 → know的过去分词known

考点：固定搭配被动语态过去分词

译文：唐代诗人张若虚因其诗作《春江花月夜》而广为人______。

Jack enjoys _______ and sunbathing with his friends. （游泳）
参考答案与解析

答案：swimming

解析：enjoy 后接动名词作宾语 → 识别动词 enjoy 的固定用法 → 得出答案

考点：enjoy doing sth.动名词作宾语

译文：杰克喜欢和他的朋友们一起游泳和晒太阳。

I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to _______. （我自己）
参考答案与解析

答案：myself

解析：keep the secret to 后接反身代词 → 识别介词 to 的宾语需用反身代词 → 得出答案

考点：keep sth. to oneself反身代词

译文：我答应李明我会保守这个秘密。

So far, China has built nearly 600,000 cultural centers in ______. （村庄）
参考答案与解析

答案：villages

解析：in 后接名词复数表示泛指 → 识别介词 in 后需接名词复数形式 → 得出答案

考点：in + 名词复数泛指

译文：到目前为止，中国已建设了近60万个村庄文化中心。

I’m not sure how I feel about that, with my ______ birthday coming. （第十八）
参考答案与解析

答案：eighteenth

解析：my 后接序数词表示第几 → 识别序数词前需加定冠词或物主代词 → 得出答案

考点：序数词物主代词 + 序数词

译文：我不确定我对此感觉如何，因为我的十八岁生日就要到了。

There is a low brick wall _______ the garden and the field beyond.（在……之间）
参考答案与解析

答案：between

解析：between 表示在两者之间 → 识别 between...and... 的固定搭配 → 得出答案

考点：between...and...介词搭配

译文：有一堵矮砖墙在花园和远处的田野之间。

第 5 部分 · 任务型阅读（共10 空; 每空1分, 计 10 分）1 题 · 10 分

任务型阅读

阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Reading is fun! You can also analyze texts（文本）to learn more from the texts and about the texts. One way you can do this with fiction books, passages, or poems is by exploring their themes. A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events. The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme. Themes can be ideas like friendship, bravery, love, honesty or family. Make sure you know what the writer is saying. Sometimes, themes are hard to find out. First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above. There may also be more than one theme in the text. What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly. You have to use clues in the texts to find them. To start exploring the theme, first you need to make sure you’ve read the whole text. Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text. Then, ask yourself to sum up（概括）the text and try to work out a “big idea”. For example, did many characters resolve problems with their families? If there was only one small problem with a character’s family, then “family” might not be the theme of the text. Finally, after finding out a “big idea”, go through the text to find examples that support this idea. You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine. Now you are ready to explore the theme of a text! Exploring the ___[56]___ of a text Main points Detailed information ___[57]___ is a theme? ● A theme is a ___[58]___idea that connects the characters and events. ● The ___[59]___ thoughts are possibly expressed through the theme Why is it ___[60]___to find the theme? ●You might not ___[61]___ the theme in just one word. ●There may also be more than one theme in the text. ● Some themes are not presented in a ___[62]___ way. How can you explore the theme? ●Read the text till the ___[63]___ to fully understand the themes. ●Work out a “big idea” of the text by summing up the text. ●Find some key examples to ___[64]___ the “big idea”. It’s not ___[65]___ to repeat every detail. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special form of t___[66]___ Chinese culture and art. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall to screen（挡住）your view. This is to give you a pressed-in feeling, in order to later produce unexpected joy w ___[67]___ you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations（假山）and a big lake. The best e___[68]___ is the Summer Palace. Rock formations play an i___[69]___ role in the design of a Chinese-style garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinese-style garden. They are as important to a Chinese-style garden as sculptures are to a European-style garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for i___[70]___ Four Seasons Rockeries（假山花园）. G___[71]___ in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the method of “borrowing scenery with a mirror（镜子）” to create a sense of s___[72]___. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the outside scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor. The whole garden will be s___[73]___ in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden a___[74]___ serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north through the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a man-made moon is reflected（倒映）in the p___[75]___. Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden.
参考答案与解析

答案：56-theme　57-What　58-central　59-writer’s　60-hard　61-include　62-direct　63-end　64-support　65-necessary　66-traditional　67-when　68-example　69-important　70-its　71-Gardens　72-space　73-seen　74-also　75-pool

解析：56 空 根据空格前的定冠词 'the' 和空格后的介词 'of'，判断此处需要一个名词，且该名词需能概括后文 'environmental protection' 的核心概念 → 选择 'theme'（主题）
57 空 分析句子结构，空格引导一个主语从句，且从句中缺少主语 → 选择 'What' 引导主语从句并充当从句主语
58 空 根据空格后的名词 'role' 和句意，判断此处需要一个形容词修饰 'role'，且需表达 '核心的、重要的' 之意 → 选择 'central'（中心的，核心的）
59 空 根据空格后的名词 'perspective' 和句意，判断此处需要表示所有关系 → 选择 'writer’s'（作家的）构成名词所有格
60 空 根据空格后的不定式 'to understand' 和句意，判断此处需要一个形容词描述理解的难度 → 选择 'hard'（困难的）
61 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词后作定语 → 选择动词原形作后置定语
62 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词后作定语 → 选择动词原形作后置定语
63 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词后作定语 → 选择动词原形作后置定语
64 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词后作定语 → 选择动词原形作后置定语
65 空 分析句子结构 → 判断空格在名词后作定语 → 选择形容词原形作后置定语
66 空 分析空格在名词前的语法位置 → 判断需形容词 → 根据语境“传统节日”选择 traditional
67 空 分析空格连接两个句子的语法功能 → 判断需时间状语从句连词 → 根据语境“当...时”选择 when
68 空 分析空格在冠词 an 后的语法位置 → 判断需名词 → 根据语境“一个例子”选择 example
69 空 分析空格在系动词 is 后的语法位置 → 判断需形容词作表语 → 根据语境“重要的”选择 important
70 空 分析空格在名词前的语法位置 → 判断需限定词 → 根据主语“its”指代前文单数名词选择 its
71 空 分析句子主语 → 判断主谓一致 → 确定名词单复数形式
72 空 分析句子语境 → 判断所需词义 → 选择符合语境的词汇
73 空 分析句子结构 → 判断非谓语动词形式 → 确定过去分词作定语
74 空 分析句子逻辑关系 → 判断连接词功能 → 选择表示递进的副词
75 空 分析句子语境 → 判断所需词义 → 选择符合语境的词汇

考点：语境选词名词词性判断名词性从句主语从句引导词形容词修饰名词主谓一致与指代一致名词所有格形容词作表语非谓语动词作定语词性判断状语从句连词选择指代一致限定词选择主谓一致名词复数名词辨析非谓语动词过去分词句式变化副词用法

译文：题干：...the ______ of environmental protection. 正确项：theme（主题）

第 6 部分 · A．句子翻译（共5小题;每小题2 分, 计 10 分）5 题 · 10 分

昨晚七点到八点他们在看电视。

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

They were watching TV from 7 to 8 last night.

Tom买不起那把小提琴，因为太贵了。

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

Tom can't afford the violin because it's too expensive.

你认为骑自行车是很好的运动方式吗？

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

Do you think cycling is a good way to exercise?

我们很开心地得知您对我们的服务很满意。

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

We are very happy to learn that you are satisfied with our service.

我梦想有一个长假，以便能有更多的时间去旅行。 ___________________________________________________________

2 分 · 汉译英

参考答案与解析

参考译文

I dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel.

第 7 部分 · B．写作（计 20分）1 题 · 20 分

词数要求：词数以题目要求为准 · 20 分

参考答案与解析

参考范文

Spring in my hometown Spring is a beautiful season in my hometown. The weather becomes warm and sunny. Trees turn green and flowers begin to bloom. The air is fresh and full of the sweet smell of nature. People in my hometown usually do many things in spring. First, farmers start to work in the fields to plant crops. Second, families often go for picnics in the parks or countryside to enjoy the nice weather. Third, children like to fly kites in the open spaces, laughing and running happily. I like my hometown in spring very much. It is full of life and hope. The beautiful scenery makes me feel relaxed and happy. I love the warm sunshine and the gentle breeze. Spring in my hometown is truly wonderful!

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