2022年辽宁省锦州市中考英语真题及答案解析

根据短文内容，从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 On a snowy afternoon, Mum picked up Jean from school. When they reached home, they rushed inside. Mum moved her feet and shook snow off them. “I’m tired of [6]. I miss sunshine. I miss flowers. I miss birds.” “I know,” Jean said. She dropped her schoolbag on the floor. “But I love snow. I think I’ll [7] outside for a while.” She ran back outside. Jean had a good time in the snow with [8] friends. They threw snowballs. They made snowmen. They really enjoyed themselves outside. Then Jean felt [9] and came back inside. “Here you go,” Mum said. She handed Jean a cup of hot chocolate. “I love hot chocolate!” Jean drank a little and [10]. Mum smiled back and left. “Mum always looks after me,” Jean thought. “I hope to give her a gift.” [11] Jean didn’t know what to give to Mum. She couldn’t give sunshine. There were no [12] outside to pick. And she didn’t have money to buy a bird. Jean had an idea. She [13] a piece of white paper. Then Jean opened her crayon box and drew flowers on the [14]. She smiled and said, “I can give Mum flowers, after all!” Then she painted some of the flowers purple, some red and some yellow. [15] Jean carried the special flowers to Mum. “Wow, these are the loveliest flowers I’ve ever seen!” Then Mum put them in a vase(花瓶) happily. [10] A. hurt B. cried C. smiled D. drove [11] A. Unless B. But C. So D. If Ⅲ.阅读理解（共20分，每小题1分） Passage A 单项选择。根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 Are you interested in animals and nature? Want to enjoy your summer holiday and learn something interesting and useful? Here comes your chance! Student Explore has provided you with a THREE-DAY summer program! You can take part in many hands-on activities and meet with live animals — giraffes, pandas, tigers and so on! More information about the program is as follows. Program A Dates: 17— [19] July, 2022 Days: Sunday to Tuesday Time: [10]:00 a.m. — 4: 00 p.m. Program B Dates: 8— [10] August, 2022 Days: Monday to Wednesday Time: [10]:00 a.m. — 4: 00 p.m. Age: Students aged 9—[16] Program cost: $200 for a member; $230 for a non-member Groups: There are 2 programs for you to choose from. Each program needs at most [15] students. How to do it: Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form on or before 13th July, 2022 (Wednesday). Notes: A. A kid of [6]. B. A girl of [13]. C. A boy of [17]. D. A woman of [26]. A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Friday A. $ 400 B. $ 630 C. $ 660 D. $ 860 A. Because people have different tastes. B. Because there are too many restaurants. C. Because the lunches are too expensive. D. Because people must bring lunchboxes. A. Summer Holiday is the name of the program. B. We can only see three kinds of animals in the program. C. Over [15] students are in each program. D. You need to hand in (上交) an application form for the program on time. Passage B 根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 Last year, at 00:[23] on October 16th, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft (宇宙飞船) rose into the sky. After flying around the earth for six months, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission (飞行任务) returned home on April 16th, 2022. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu successfully finished China’s longest manned (载人的) spaceflight. Chinese astronauts get difficult training before going to space. The high-G training simulates the environment when the spacecraft takes off. Sitting in a super-fast spinning (旋转) machine, astronauts’ face muscles (肌肉) change shape. They cry tears as they spin. Blood can’t flow (流动) to their brains properly, causing a lack (缺少) of oxygen (氧气) and even blindness. Astronauts must operate the spacecraft under these conditions. Another exhausting (使耗尽的) exercise is the underwater training which lasts (持续) seven hours each time. It simulates a weightless environment. Wang Yaping had to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks in 10-meter-deep water without eating or going to the toilet. When Chinese astronauts do the high-G training, they have a red button on hand. If they feel too sick and can’t stand it anymore, they can press it to stop the spinning machine. But for over [20] years since China set up its first astronaut team in 1998, not a single person has ever used it. A. 4 months B. [6] months C. [10] months D. [16] months A. 保护 B. 破坏 C. 改善 D. 模拟 A. Astronauts may be deaf. B. Astronauts may not see things. C. Astronauts’ blood will stop flowing. D. Astronauts’ facial (面部的) expressions won’t lose control. A. make oxygen B. start the training C. stop the spinning machine D. record the time A. A newspaper. B. A travel guide. C. A story book. D. A food magazine. Passage C 单项选择。根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 China is a large country. The population is over 1.4 billion. It has a special culture with a very long history. Chinese food plays an important role for Chinese families. Different foods have special meanings. The main difference is that Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods in Chinese culture is rice. Tea is a favorite drink and it is popular in the market. Chinese calendar is different from the one used in western countries. New Year’s Day is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. It has special foods and traditions. For example, sweeping the floor before New Year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad luck. The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelve—year cycle(循环). Each year is named for animal. These animal signs are rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. For example, the year that begins in 2022 is the year of the tiger. Chinese is a complex (复杂的) language. Chinese writing developed almost 4,000 years ago and may be even older. Chinese writing has thousands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak six more forms of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects (方言). A. almost 4,000 B. over 1.4 billion C. 1.4 billion D. less than 1.4 billion A. Chinese writing has hundreds of characters. B. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. C. Chinese calendar is not the same as the one used in western countries. D. Sweeping the floor before New Year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad luck. A. The tiger. B. The dog. C. The pig. D. The dragon. A. [6] B. [7] C. [8] D. [9] A. Chinese people speak many kinds of dialects. B. The Spring Festive has special foods and traditions. C. China has special culture with a long history. D. Chinese food plays an important role for Chinese families. Passage D 还原句子。 根据短文内容， 从短文后的五个选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 We do eye exercises. We wear sunglasses. We do lots of things to protect our eyes. [31] Ears help us hear the world. But many things, like loud noises and sudden noises, can make your hearing lost. [32] So how can we protect our ears? Let’s take a look together. Dry your ears with a towel (毛巾) after swimming or taking a bath. If you feel water in your ear, shake your head a little bit. [33] Usually, our ears clean themselves. The earwax (耳垢) builds up, dries out, and then comes out of the ear along with some dirt. Don’t clean your ears with anything sharp (尖的), or it can make the earwax go too deep into your ears and hurt them. [34] Don’t listen to loud music on your headphones (耳机) for a long time. Follow the “60 Rule”: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphone’s maximum volume (最大音量) for no more than 60 minutes a day. [35] They do a better job of stopping outside noises so you can listen at a lower volume. A. This can help you get the water out of your ear. B. Once this happens, it’s hard to get your hearing back. C. But if your ears start to hurt, you can go to a doctor for help. D. Over-the-ear (头戴式) headphones are better than in-ear ones. E. However, we usually forget another important part of our body—the ears.

根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置（每个词只能用一次）。 fill, through, possible, turned, much, drum, hear, three, these, others This is a story about two wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. The Chinese people have been telling the story for many years. One day, Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an ____[41]____ task. He asked him to make 100,000 arrows (箭) in ten days. “No problem,” Zhuge Liang said at once. “I’ll bring you 100,000 arrows in ____[42]____ days.” Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers (士兵) to ____[43]____ 20 large boats with many straw (稻草) men. On the early morning of the third day, he also asked the soldiers to sail (航行) the boats to the camps of Cao Cao’s army on the ____[44]____ side of the river. The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly. When Cao Cao’s soldiers ____[45]____ the sounds, they thought they were under attack (攻击). However, they could not see enemies ____[46]____ the thick fog (雾) on the river. Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the ____[47]____ and the shouting. Zhuge Liang’s boats were soon full of arrows. Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then ____[48]____ the boats around and shouted, “Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao.” Zhuge Liang took all ____[49]____ arrows to Zhou Yu. He finished the task successfully. There were ____[50]____ than 100,000 of them. It is the story of Borrow Arrows with Straw Boats.

Passage A 根据短文内容完成短文后的思维导图。 When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely. For example, you may ask “Where are the restrooms?” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” These are similar requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. That is because it is a very direct question. It is not enough to just ask a question correctly. We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask for help. Good speakers change the way they speak in different situations. The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. It is all right to ask your classmates direct questions because you know them well. However, if you say to your teacher, “When is the school trip?” this might sound impolite. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr.West. Do you know when the school trip is?”, this will sound much more polite. Usually polite questions are longer. They include expressions such as “Could you please...?” or “May I ask...?” It sounds more polite to say, “Peter, could you please tell me your address?” than “Peter, tell me your e-mail address.” Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a request. For example, we might first say to a stranger, “Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me” or “I’m sorry to trouble you, but...” before asking for help. It might seem more difficult to speak politely than directly. However, it is important to learn how to use the right language in different situations. This will help you communicate better with other people. 51. [1] 52. [2] 53. [3] 54. [4] 55. [5] Passage B 根据短文内容完成短文后的图表，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。 Little life skills are a big help. Starting with the upcoming fall term, students in primary and middle schools will have at least one class every week to learn basic life skills like cooking and cleaning. These skills will help them for the rest of their lives. What will students learn in labor education (劳动教育)? ØHousework labor: cleaning, cooking, using and repairing home appliances (家用电器). ØProductive labor (生产劳动): farming, making traditional handicrafts (手工艺), experience and use of new technologies like 3D printing. First —and second—graders in primary school *Do basic cleaning. *Wash vegetables and peel fruit. *Learn to raise one or two kinds of plants or small animals. Third —and fourth—graders *Wash socks and shoes. *Learn how to make cold dishes and use simple home appliances. *Clean classrooms. *Try growing vegetables or keeping pet animals. Fifth—and sixth —graders *Learn to make a healthy recipe (食谱). * Cook two or three common dishes. *Grow one or two kinds of common local vegetables. Middle school students *Cook three or four dishes independently. *Learn to repair some home appliances. *Take part in local productive labor like potting plants (盆栽植物) and fishing. *Learn how to make one or two kinds of traditional handicrafts. Topic: What will students learn in [6]56[7]? Why Life skills will help [8]57[9] for the rest of their lives. How [10]58[11] Primary school students * Do basic cleaning. * Wash socks and shoes. *Learn to make a healthy recipe... Middle school students *Cook three or four dishes independently· * [12]59[13] some home appliances ... Productive labor Primary school students *Learn to raise one or two kinds of plants or small animals *[14]60[15] or keeping pet animals. * Grow one or two kinds of common local vegetables... Middle school students *Take part in local productive labor. * Learn how to make one or two kinds of traditional handicrafts. Passage C 根据短文内容回答短文后的问题，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。 The word silk itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4, 000 years ago. One story says a silkworm’s cocoon (茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread (线). This was an important discovery. The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch. Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years. In other countries, silk was very valuable. Often it was worth more than gold. It was said that the secret was finally given away when a queen left China for India. In her hair, she secretly carried many silkworms. By the year 1 A.D., silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. Finally, around the year 300, silk also travelled from China to Japan. In 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico. Today people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. But silk isn’t only beautiful. It looks easy to break, but actually it’s very strong. For example, people has already used it to make bicycle wheels. And some doctors even use silk threads in hospital. Silk is also lightweight and warm. This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, trousers and shoes. All of this is from a little silkworm. That is the magic of silk. 61. How long has the story of silk been told in China? 62. Which country did the queen leave for? 63. What did the Spanish bring to Mexico in 1522? 64. Can people use silk to make bicycle wheels? 65. Why is silk great for clothes like winter jackets, trousers and shoes? Passage D 根据短文内容完成短文后的任务，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。 Ink wash painting, Peking Opera, paper cutting, puppets (木偶)... What will happen if we use these traditional art styles in animation (动画)? (A)[16] fact, Chinese animators have been working on this. Their works are full of Chinese flavor (特色). Recently, restored 4K editions (修复的超高清版本) of several Chinese animations have come out to let audiences (观众) see what makes a classic. Little Tadpole Looking for Mummy (《小蜊斜找妈妈》), which came out in 1960, is China’s first ink wash animation. You can enjoy its 4K edition on the video platform (平台). Getting ideas from the great artist Qi Baishi, the animators drew all the animals, plants and rocks in the film with ink and brushes. Though it was only about 15 minutes long, it took lots of work. Animators drew everything (B) [17] hand. (D) They used different kinds of lines and colors to bring everything to life, such as black tadpoles, red goldfish, pink lotus flowers and so on. The French newspaper Le Monde says the film is just like a poem. The Legend of Sealed Book (《天书奇谭》), a cartoon film that first came out in 1983 and opened in cinemas on November 5, 2021. (C) It uses ink wash painting for its backgrounds, too. The cartoon film also borrows other arts. The makeup used in Peking Opera inspired the looks of the characters. It helps show their personalities. Lovely boy Dansheng looks like wawasheng, roles for kids in Peking Opera. A fox wears huadan makeup to make her more attractive. There are other traditional art styles in animation like paper cutting and puppets, too. “It shows Chinese artists’ goals (目标) in animation — unique (奇特的), funny and beautiful,” said the director QianYunda. 66. 在文中 (A) 和 (B) 的空白处分别填入适当的词：[18] [19] 67. 文中划线部分(C)指代的是：[20] 68. 将文中划线部分 (D) 改写为Different kinds of lines and colors [21] [22] to bring everything to life. 69. 从文中找出两个能展现中国艺术家对动画期望的形容词：[23] [24] 70. 从文中找出能说明本文中心大意的单词或短语：[25]